User:Masako/pataka

Particles / Articles

• ke - definite article / topic marker / accusative particle (non-obligatory, used for specificity)
• kya - jussive particle (placed before the phrase)
• ya - vocative particle (placed before the noun being addressed)

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Possessive	Reflexive	Reciprocal
1s	na	ena	nayo	na'i
2s	ta	eta	tayo	ta'i
3s	ha	eha	hayo	ha'i
4s	tla	etla	tlayo	tla'i
1p	nam	enam	namyo	nami	nanku
1p (EXCL)	na'am	ena'am	na'amyo	na'ami	na'anku
2p	tam	etam	tamyo	tami	tanku
3p	kam	ekam	kamyo	kami	kanku
4p	tlam	etlam	tlamyo	tlami	tlanku

Other pronouns

• itla - this (here)
• uatla - that (there)

Correlatives

	query	this	that	some	none	any	every	whichever
adjective	ka	itla	uatla	iha	ak	ula	kua	ote
person	ko...ka	iko	uako	ihako	hok	kola	kohua	oteko
thing	no...ka	itla	uatla	ihano	nok	nola	nokua	oteno
time	ama/tsima...ka	ima	uama	ihama	amak	amala	kuama	otema
place	mo...ka	hina	uana	ihamo	mok	mola	mokua	otemo
way	to...ka	yoto	uato	ihato	tok	tola	tokua	oheto
amount	ku/o...ka	iku	uaku	ihaku	huk/ok	kula	hukua/okua	oteku
reason	nye...ka	inye	uanye	ihanye	nyek	ulanye	nyekua	otenye
kind	su...ka	isu	uasu	ihasu	suk	sula	sukua	otesu

Conjunctions

• ma - and, also, as well
• hema...ma - both...and...
• ua - or, other, either
• uak - nor, neither
• ehe - but, however
• iya - if, whether
• ke / uama - then
• nye - because, in order that, so that
• nke - and though; although; even though

Affirmation and Negation

• uala - actually, indeed / verily, truly
• tokua - by all means
• tok - by no means
• a - yes / certainly, evidently, of course
• ak - no, not
• eya - perhaps, maybe, possibly
• apa - probably

Verbs

basic

• a - to be, exist
• munta - become, change, alter
• muya - cause to, make, do
• myonta - let, allow, permit to
• heta - must, should, need to
• ueha - want to, intend to
• pala - can, could, am able to

simple movement

• sapua - arrive
• tala - come (back), return
• yala - depart, leave, go, walk
• eka - enter, come/go in
• yese - exit, come/go out
• itola - fall, drop
• olo - fly, move through air
• tapya - follow, continue, go on
• topu - jump
• hoya - raise, rise, lift
• tlani - roll, revole
• hatsu - run
• sima - sit, recline, rest
• tsamu - stand, be upright, rise to one's feet
• uku - stop, wait
• saka - swim, move through water

weather

• tonya - freeze, solidify
• pana - rain, moisten, humidify
• nyahi - snow [white]
• sama - shine [sun, solar]

biological actions

• nasa - be born
• sinu - die
• inu - drink
• ina - eat
• anu - hear, listen
• asa - live
• heta - need
• anya - see, look
• moku - sleep
• taki - taste, like, enjoy
• yanta - waken, awaken

Food

Fruits

• omena - apple
• melonka - apricot
• kilatsi - cherry
• hasukanu - date, fig
• punka - fruit
• enapa - grapes
• ntimu - lemon
• sokuya - lime
• kapunu - melon
• setona - olive
• tsunkua - orange
• takolo - peach
• nasi - pear
• matsatli - pineapple
• etlika - plum
• malina - raspberry
• yakota - (straw)berry

Vegetables

• kusupu - artichoke
• asino - asparagus
• tlopya - bean
• tohi - cabbage / broccoli / cauliflower
• ha'utsu - carrot
• apyoma - celery
• suani - chives
• o'i - cucumber
• nopilo - garlic
• hyantso - herbs
• etesa - lentil
• tletsuka - lettuce
• hakuni - mint
• kopa - mushroom
• kasuma - onion
• metanoso - parsley
• uansu - pea
• ahiya - potato
• kapotsa - pumpkin
• tlapanu - radish
• nyokutsu - sage
• teleta - spinach
• sitomatla - tomato
• salatsa - turnip
• napaka - grain
• sayeli - barley
• kanka - maize, corn
• yolapu - oats
• nyoma - rice
• sikali - rye
• mpoka - vegetable
• kenime - wheat

Meals

• inama - meal, dinner
• sopane - breakfast
• tetsuna - lunch
• esa - supper
• ina - food
• kinuahu - dessert
• sunalo - salad
• ketosa - soup
• matla - stew

Drink

• inu - drink
• inupan - drinkable
• kaua - coffee
• tsai - tea
• hali - milk
• maya - water
• ka'asu - juice

Kinship terms

Direct

• otahaka - great-grandfather
• onahaka - great-grandmother
• otaha - grandfather / great-uncle
• onaha - grandmother / great-aunt
• ota - father / uncle
• ona - mother / aunt
• otaua - brother / cousin
• onaua - sister / cousin
• ota’i - son / nephew
• ona’i - daughter / niece
• ota’iha - grandson
• ona’iha - granddaughter

Indirect

• tla’ota husband
• tla’ona wife
• po’ota father-in-law
• po’ona mother-in-law
• po’ona’i daughter-in-law
• po’otaua brother-in-law
• po’onaua sister-in-law
• tla'ota’i - stepson
• tla'ona’i - stepdaughter

Colors

• akai - red
• otliyo - orange
• yana - yellow
• kuya - green
• tsuku - blue
• tlaku - indigo, violet, purple
• nyahi - white, pale
• oya - black, dark
• yehi - clear

Toponyms

• apika - Africa

• yatsa'ila - Algeria - tsayela - Algers
• ankola - Angola - tlo'anta - Luanda
• penina - Benin - hokupono - Porto Novo

• antakutika - Antarctica

• atsa - Asia

• osutaliya - Australia

• yolopa - Europe

• amelika kita - North Amerika

• kanata - Canada - otaua - Ottawa
• kupa - Cuba - hauana - Havana
• hanya te tolom (Nation of States) - USA - uasiton - Washington DC

• amelika mina - South Amerika