Nodrostic: Difference between revisions
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|- | |- | ||
!Nasal | !Nasal | ||
| /m/ ''m'' | | /m/ ''m'' || /n/ ''n'' || || || || /ŋ/ ''ŋ'' || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Plosive | !Plosive | ||
| /p/ ''p'' | | /p/ ''p'' || /t/ ''t'' || || || || || /q/ ''q'' || /ʔ/ ''x'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Affricative | !Affricative | ||
| || /ts/ ''c'' || || /tʃ/ ''ç'' || || || || | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Fricative | !Fricative | ||
| /ɸ β/ ''f b'' || /θ ð/ ''þ d'' || /s z/ ''s z'' || /ʃ ʒ/ ''ş z̧'' || || /x ɣ/ ''h g'' || || | | /ɸ β/ ''f b'' || /θ ð/ ''þ d'' || /s z/ ''s z'' || /ʃ ʒ/ ''ş z̧'' || || /x ɣ/ ''h,k g'' || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Trill | !Trill | ||
| || /r/ ''r'' || || || || || /ʀ/ ''ʀ'' || | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Lateral Fricative | !Lateral Fricative | ||
| || /ɮ/ ''l'' || || || || || || | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Approximant | !Approximant | ||
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|} | |} | ||
* p t | * p t q are pronounced as /p̚ t̚ q̚/ at the end of a word | ||
* a dot accent can be added on ''c d l n r s t z'' to show palatalization | * a dot accent can be added on ''c d l n r s t z'' to show palatalization | ||
** ''ḋ ṫ'' represent /ɣʲ | ** ''ḋ ṫ'' represent /ɣʲ xʲ/ | ||
* when before a vowel, a consonant with a dot accent replaces the accent mark with ''i'' | * when before a vowel, a consonant with a dot accent replaces the accent mark with ''i'' | ||
* doubling a consonant makes its sound longer | * doubling a consonant makes its sound longer |
Revision as of 12:30, 4 November 2012
Nodrostæ
Phonology & Orthography
Consonants
Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | /m/ m | /n/ n | /ŋ/ ŋ | |||||
Plosive | /p/ p | /t/ t | /q/ q | /ʔ/ x | ||||
Affricative | /ts/ c | /tʃ/ ç | ||||||
Fricative | /ɸ β/ f b | /θ ð/ þ d | /s z/ s z | /ʃ ʒ/ ş z̧ | /x ɣ/ h,k g | |||
Trill | /r/ r | /ʀ/ ʀ | ||||||
Lateral Fricative | /ɮ/ l | |||||||
Approximant | /j/ j | /w/ v |
- p t q are pronounced as /p̚ t̚ q̚/ at the end of a word
- a dot accent can be added on c d l n r s t z to show palatalization
- ḋ ṫ represent /ɣʲ xʲ/
- when before a vowel, a consonant with a dot accent replaces the accent mark with i
- doubling a consonant makes its sound longer
- when a voiced and voiceless consonant are next to each other, they both take the first letter's voicing
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | /iː/ i | /uː/ w | |
Close-Mid | /e ø/ e u | /ɤ o/ y o | |
Open | /a ɒ/ a å |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close-Mid | /øʏ/ ᵫ | /oɪ/ œ | |
Open | /aɪ/ æ |
- a å e o u y are slightly raises to /ɐ̜ ɐ̹ ɪ ʊ̹ ʏ ʊ̜/ in unstressed position
- doubling a vowel raises it (/a ɒ e o ø ɤ/ → /ɜ ɞ i u y ɯ/), lengthens its sound, and puts stress on its syllable
Stress
Stress normally falls on the first syllable of a word. However, there is irregular stress. This is denoted by an acute accent on that specific syllable's vowel to show the irregularity.