South Vityng: Difference between revisions

From FrathWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
mNo edit summary
m (tagged)
 
(4 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 13: Line 13:
a æ
a æ
á e
á e
æ      ɛjɪ
æ      ɛjə
ei ɑɪ
ei ɑɪ
e ɛ
e ɛ
é i
é
i ɪ
i ɪ
í ɑɪ
í əɪ
o ɔ
o ɔ
ó u
ó
u ʊ
u ʊ
ú æʊ
ú əʊ
y ə
y ɪʊ
ý ju
ý ɪwə
ø ɛwɪ
ø ɛwə
øy ɔɪ
øy ɔɪ


Line 75: Line 75:
PRONOUNS
PRONOUNS
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
nom. akk þá þætt -o -eo
nom. akk þá þætt -o -au
vitt þitt þeir
vitt þitt þeir
varr þarr þøy
varr þarr þøy
Line 954: Line 954:
[[vityng our Father]]
[[vityng our Father]]
[[Vityng names]]
[[Vityng names]]
[[Category: Conlangs]]

Latest revision as of 13:43, 17 July 2011

Vityng (born of winter) (southern dialect) 

----

{| ALPHABET
a á æ b d ð e é f g h i í j k l m n o ó p r s t u ú v ƿ ƕ y ý þ ø 

----

Vowels

a	æ
á	e
æ       ɛjə
ei	ɑɪ
e	ɛ
é	iɪ
i	ɪ
í	əɪ
o	ɔ
ó	uʊ
u	ʊ
ú	əʊ
y	ɪʊ	
ý	ɪwə
ø	ɛwə
øy	ɔɪ

jæ      je
jø      eɔ
væ      ve
vø      vɔɪ

----

b	b	
d	d 
ð	θ
f	f
g	ɣ
h	h
j	j
k	k 
l	l
m	m
n	n
p	p
r	r
s	s
t	t  
v	v
þ	θ

UMLAUT
Diphthongs are not affected by umlaut
RADICAL	U	I	A
a	ø	æ	a
á	ǿ	ǽ	á
e	ø	i/y	æ
é	ǿ	í/ý	ǽ
i	y	i	e
í	ý	í	é
o	o	ø	o
ó	ó	ǿ	ó
u	u	y	o
ú	ú	ý	ó
y	y	y	ø
ý	ý	ý	ǿ
æ	æ	e	a
ø	ø	y       ø

----

PRONOUNS
	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th
nom.	akk	þá	þætt	-o	-au
	vitt	þitt	þeir
	varr	þarr	þøy
accu.	mikk	þikk	þætt
	okkur	ykkur	þeir
	óss	yður	þøy
dat.	mérr	þérr	því
	okkorað	ykkorað	þeim
	øyssi	yðorað	þeim
gen.	minn	þinn	þess
	okka	økka	þára
	óssa	øða	þára


reflex.	ask	þesk	sikk
	vitsk	þetsk	sekka
	varsk	þersk	sikks	

3rd refers to subject, 4th to object, 5th to other
akk = personal/formal	
"vitt" is often exclusive
while "varr" is often inclusive

2nd&3rd dual plural = honorary

----

NOUNS

D 1
"horse" - hest
		indef.				def.
	sng.		plr.		sng.		plr.
nom.	ein høstur	ein hæstar	hystrinn	hestærnir
acc.	ein hest	ein hest	hystinn		hæstna
dat.	ein hysti	ein høstum	hystennað 	til hæstna
gen.	ein hests	ein hæsta  	hystinns	hæstanna

D 2
"forest" - skogg
		indef.				def.
	sng.		plr.		sng.		plr.
nom.	eitt skogg	eitt skøggir	skogget		skøggnir
acc.	eitt skogg	eitt skaggan	skøggni		skaggna
dat.	eitt skoggen	eitt skoggum	til skoggni	til skaggna
gen.	eitt skoggs	eitt skaggar	skoggets	skaggarna

D 3
"corpse" - skapp
		indef.				def.
	sng.		plr.		sng.		plr.  
nom.	ei skappa	ei skæppi	skappei		skæppinir 
acc.	ei skapp	ei skæppi	skappa		skappna
dat.	ei skappen	ei skøppum	til skappa	til skappna
gen.	ei skøppu	ei skappar	skøppoa		skapparna

D 4 
"rafter" - spærr
		indef.				def.
	sng.		plr.		sng.		plr.
nom.	eið sperri	eið sperrir	spærreð		sperrirnir
acc.	eið spærr	eið sparran	sperrni		sparrna
dat.	éði spærr	éði sparran	sperrnjað	til sparrna
gen.	eið spærra	eið sparra	spærræða	sparrens

D 5 
"island" - øy
		indef.				def.
	sng.		plr.		sng.		plr.
nom.	øy		øyjar		hinn øy		hnir øyjar
acc.	øy		øyjar		hinn øy		hna øyjar
dat.	að øy		að øyjar	hennað øy	til hna øy	
gen.	øys		øyja		hinn øys	hna øyjar

D 6
"hammer" - hammar
		indef.				def.
	sng.		plr.		sng.		plr.
nom.	ein hammar	ein hæmri	hammar		hæmri
acc.	ein hammar	ein hæmri	hammar		hæmri
dat.	ein hammren	ein hømmrum	hammren		hømmrum
gen.	ein hammars	ein hæmris	hammars		hæmris

----

NOUN/PRONOUN LIST
alf - elf d3 
ama - grandmother d3 
arm - arm d3 
arn - eagle d3
æðm - lung air d3 
æfi - grand father (informal) d4 [af]
æffi - age d4
æg - egg d2
æpi - father (informal) d4 [ap]
æpla - apple, fruit d3 [epl]
æska - ash d3 [esk]
eik - oak tree d2
bald - prince d3
barð - poet (1st rank) d3
barn - child/offsrping d3
bein - bone d2
belg - bag d3
braust - breast d3
bjarg - hill/fortress d3
bjørru - hole/small homested d3 [bjarr]
bjørn - bear d3
blað - lead/leaf shaped object d2
blóm - flower d2
bløð - blood d2
borkur - bark d1
botn - ground d3
bóndur -  farmer d1
brand - short sword/club d3
brædi - brother (informal) d4 [brad]
bræðirr - brother (formal)d2
brøggja - bridge d3 [brygg]
brøyð - bread d2
bykkjona - female of any non-human species d3 [bykkjun]
bøkk - book d2
bølgur - belly/gut/stomach d1
bøllu - bellows d3 
dagg - day d2
dall - dale/valley d2
dattra - daughter d3
deit - death d2
dóstur - dust d1
dverg - dwarf d3
dyr - animal d2
dvørru - delving/underground tunnels d3 [dverr]
dør - door d2
dragna - blackthorn d3 (borrow from irish lang)
drækki - dragon d4 [drakk]
drøymur - dream d1 [drám]
aurð - world d3
faðirr - father (formal)d2
fjeld - field d2
fjøður - feather d1 [fjeð]
fleisk - flesh d3
flikka - large piece of meat d3
fløtur - plain d1
folkur - person d1
fryður - peace d1 [frið]
fror - frost d2
fyngur - finger d1 [fing]
fyrn - last year d3
fyskur - fish d1
føtt - foot d2
føytur - fat d1
gafel - pitch fork d2
galæggð - law d3
gand - magic d3
gata - gate d3 street d2
gærn - yarn d3
geir - spear d2
gofa - steam d3 [guf]
gold - gold d3
grassa - grass d3
gúð - god d2
gøysur - goose d1
hafn - haven d3
hattja - hag, witch d3
hagja - hedge d3
haldændi - possession (holding) d4 [haldand]
halsa - neck d3
hammar - war hammer d6
har - hair d3
harr - army/host d2
heiður - honor d1
hey - hay d5
hérna - here
himinn - heaven d2 
hirn - brain d3
hjærta - heart d3
horn - horn d3
hlagg - laugh d2
hleiff - loaf d2
hlyss - sound d2
hløkkur - armour d1 [hlekk]
hnekka - peninsula d3 [hnikk]
hoddur - covering/protection d1 [hudd]
holta - fortified homestead d3 
hundur - hound/dog d1
húss - house d2
hroffa - scab d3
hróff - roost d2
hróss - horse d2
hrótt - roof d2
hryggur - backside, tail, arse d1 [hrigg]
hreggja - back d3
hryngur - ring d1 
hvyrl - crown d3
hvølur - whale d1 [hval]
høkk - bang/bump d2
høll - hall d2
hømmur - work hammer d1 [hamm]
hønd - hand d3
hørr - mister d2
høstur - horse d1 [hest]
høykur - hawk d1
høyst - harvest d3
jarl - prince d3
jærða - dirt/soil d3 [jørð]
kæggi - cask / gut d4 [kagg]
kley - brick d5
hné - knee d5
komma - block (of wood) d3
korn - grain d3 wheat d5
kóna - woman d3
kónung - king d2
krafa - mettle d3
kroða - cabbage d3
kó - cow d3
kvøld - evening d2
køssa - kiss d3 [kyss]
køttur - cat d1 [katt]
land - country d2
langt - length d3
laskt - weakness d3
læk - lake d2
leðja - filth d3 
lefa - life d3 [lif]
lim - connection d2
loft - night sky d3
lús - louse d2
lyfurn - liver d3
løn - one's proper place d2
lønd - estate d2
løyf - leaf / child (either book or tree) d2
maðkur - maggot d1
moðra - mother d3
móga - monster d3 (borrow from irish lang)
munnur - mouth d1
múss - mouse d2
møður - man/human d1 [mann]
nægla - nail d3 [negl]
nest - stuff d2
nu - now
ny - new
nyttur - night d1 [nitt]
nøkkur - demon d1
nøss - nose d2
orð - word / promise d3
ormur - snake, dragon d1
óðal - home d2
óður - poetry d1 
rann - house d2
ræft - boat d3
reipur - rope d1
regn - rain d3
røfnur - raven/bird d1 [rafn]
sæði - satisfaction d4 [sað]
sær - sea d2
sebba - blood relative d3 [sibb]
sekk - sack/bag d2
seyða - sheep d3
singel - pebble d2
skald - poet (second rank) d3
skalla - head d3
skappa - body (lifeless) d3
skeið - sheath d2
skegg - beard d2
skera - shire d3 [skir]
skerg - island (off shore) d3
skestaða - sky d3
sketa - manure / something distasteful d3 [skit]
ski - something imagined d4
skill - skill, art d2
skinn - skin, hide d2
skjøld - shield d2
skogg - forest d2
somar - summer d6
skøkkur - leg d1 [skakk]
skøkull - chain d2
skømm - dishonour d2
skøpur - body (alive) d1 [skap]
skørru - shore d3 [skerr]
slanga - worm d3
slata - whore d3
sól - sun d2
spann - shingle d2
spaða - shovel d3
sperri - rafter d4 [spærr]
sperrymúss - bat d2 
spjar - short spear d2
spjør - pole d2 
spjók - ghost d2
staða - home d3
stein - stone d2 
stekka - stick d3 [stikk]
stjærna - star d3 [stjern]
stjorr - bull d2
støður - city d1 [stað]
søstra - sister d3 [systre]
svørður - long sword d1 [svarð]
svønur - swan d1 [svan]
sønur - son d1 [sen]
sørkur - shirt d1
sørve - necklace d3
tafla - table d3
tar - tear d2
tid - tide d2
tjara - tar d3
tonga - tongue, language d3 [tung]
træ - tree d5
tun - town d2
tyd - time d2
tymmur - timber d1 [timm]
tønn - tooth d2
vald - small forest d3
varar - oath d6
vatn - water d3
vællyskur - foreigner d1
vængur - wing d1
vena - wine d3 [vin]
venna - struggle d3 [vinn]
vyður - wood d1 [við]
vif - female blood relation d2
vikk - coastal city d2 
vykkjur - old woman d1 [vikk]
vin - field d5
vin - friend d2 
vinber - grape d2
vrótla - root d3 [vrútle]
vøgur - path d1 [veg]
vøggur - wall d1 [vagg]
vøtur - winter d1 [vet]
þatta - that d3
þessa - this d3 [þiss]
þérna - there
þing - thing d2
þmæli - small animal d4 [þmal]
þjorr - castrated bull d2
þmørr - butter d2
þmyður - smith d1 [þmið]
þmyrr - oil d2
þnægi - hook d4 [þnag]
þnorra - sister-in-law d3
þnøkur - snake d1 [þnak]
þróta - throat d3
þvælta - fever d3 [þvelt]
øl - beer d2
øln - all d2
øskur - ash tree d1 [ask]
øy - island (mid ocean) d5
eiga - eye d3 
eira - ear d3 
øystur - east d1
øytur - poison / bad food d1 [át]

----

VERBS

CLASS 1
segjan "to say"
	PRESENT TENSE
	1st	2nd	3rd
sng.	segja	segjar	seg
du/plr	segjum	segið	segja

	PAST TENSE
	1st	2nd	3rd
sng.	segð	segður	segður
du/plr	segðum	segð	segð

"t" can replace "ð" anytime
vowels do not mutate in class 1 verbs

CLASS 2
þykkú "to think"
	PRESENT TENSE
	1st	2nd	3rd
sng.	þikk	þikkert	þykkú
du/plr	þikke	þykkú	þikki

	PAST TENSE
	1st	2nd	3rd
sng.	þakk	þakkert	þøkkú
du/plr	þakke	þøkkú	þækki

class 2 vowels
pres.	past.
a	ó
á	ú
e	o
é	jo
i	a
í	ai/ay
o	e
ó	ei/ey
u	æ
ú	ai/ay
y	ø
ý	øy
æ	ǿ
ǽ	ý
ø	o
ǿ	oy

----

VERB LIST
æggjan - to goad c1 ð
bakan - to bake c1 t
bjargan - to shelter/to bury c1 t
bløðú - to bleed c2
brynnú - to burn c2
dængjan - to hammer c1 t
deyjan - to die c1 t/ð
drefn - to drive c1 ð
drekkan - to drink c1 t
égynnú - to own c2 
farn - to go c1 t/ð
att fæðm - to fathom (irregular)
frosú - to freeze c2
fyllú - to fill c2
fynnú - to find c2
flan - to skin c1 t/ð
gabban - to mock c1 t
gan - to go/come c1 t/ð
gasn - to gaze/look/gape c1 t
gefn - to give c1 t/ð
gældan - to castrate c1 t
gengan - to walk c1 t
gætan - to get/obtain t
grætan - to pardon/forgive c1 t
hafn - to have c1 t/ð
haldan - to hold c1 t
halsoln - to kiss passionately c1
heiman - to dwell c1 t
hløypn - to run c1 t
hongan - to hunger c1 t
kallan - to call c1 t/ð
kastan - to throw c1 t
knøvu - to kneel c2 [kne]
kogan - to oppress c1 ð
kopénan - to keep c1 t
krafjan - to demand by right c1 t/ð
kyssú - to kiss c2
lákan - to exercise/play c1 t
lákkan - to dance c1 t 
læggjan - to lay c1 ð
leiðjan - to lead c1 t
leggjan - to rest horizontally c1 ð
lúfn - to love intimately c1 t/ð
lyðú - to praise/to sing c2
lygú - to speak falsely c2
mornan - to mourn c1 t
mornú - to pine c2
opn - to weep c1 t
uttú - to expel c2
pryttú - to trick c2
rásn - to raise c1 t
rysú - to rise c2 
røyfn - to rob c1
sækkvan - to sink c1 t
sætjan - to set/sit c1 t
segjan - to say c1 t/ð
sengvan - to sing c1 t
seikjan - to search c1 t
sjan - to see c1 t/ð
skapn - to shape/make c1 t
skømmú - to dishonour c2
slæppan - to sleep c1 t
strekvan - to stroke c1 t
svemman - to move in the water c1 t
takan - to take c1 t
taln - to tell c1 t/ð
targan - to defend t
tællan - to remember c1 t/ð
teign - to tie c1 t/ð
treistan - to trust c1 t
tryggú - to believe c2
valdan - to rule c1 t
valkan - to drag c1 t
vandran - to travel/to wander c1 t/ð
veskjan - to ask c1 t
vrækkjan - to wreck c1 t
þakkan - to thank c1 t
þækjan - to cover c1 t
þmyrvú - to smear c2
þólan - to endure/to love plutonically c1 t/ð
þykkú - to think c2
þrútnan - to swell c1 t/ð
ønnú - to work d2
øpennan - to open c1 t
øskjan - to want c1 t

----

COPOLAs
varan "to be"
	PRESENT TENSE
	1st	2nd	3rd
sng.	am	art	ar	
du/plr	ørum	ørð	ør

	PAST TENSE
	1st	2nd	3rd
sng.	var	var	var
du/plr	vør	vør	vør

	IMPERATIVE
	1st	2nd	3rd
sng.	vera	verst	ver
du/plr	vørum	virið	vera	

----
	
ADJECTIVES
ungur "young"

nom.	ung
acc.	ung
dat.	unge
gen.	ungs

----

ADJECTIVE/ADVERB LIST
aðal - noble
annarr - other
ei - ever
eiva - forever
ændir - last 
berh - bright
blakk - dark
bøysa - bad/evil
efn - even
endir - end
ftt - fat
fegjar - fair
fjara - few
frið - free
full - full
før - before
gnogg - enough
góð - good
half - half
har - venerable/respectable
hefig - heavy
heilge - holy
høyr - high
lang - long 
lask - weak
prett - pretty
hlægglik - funny
hlóð - famous
matt - mighty
mest - most
méri - more
mikkil - great/many/large
myrklik - murky
myrk - dark
nørðlik - northern
oftra - after/later
óð - insane/mad
skala - bald
skamm - short
skæla - balance
slat - common
slør - slow/blunt/stupid
spekka - small
stark - strong
stor - big
stirtli - barren sterile
sum - some
trést - loyal/faithful
tvark - strange
ung - young
við - wide
viss - wise
þekk - thick
þrukk - through/thorough
þunn - thin/narrow
yfir - over
yndir - under
øll - all

----

COMMON WORDS
yes - jei
no - nei
hello - heil
goodbye - for oftra
thank you - þakka/þakka þikk

----

QUESTION WORDS (not declined)
hvem - who
hvað - what (is that?)/ that 
hvatt - what (do you want?) 
hvar - where
hvarn - where from
hvætyd - when
hvi - why
hvilyk - which
hvatøg - how

----

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
hérna - here
gjønd - that there (yonder)
þatta - that 
þessa - this 
þérna - there

----

PREPOSTION LIST
af/-sk - of
an - on+accu./onto+dat.
ekka - without
for - for
fram - from
i - in+accu./into+dat.
jaf - if
og - and
ney - not (almost entirely replaced with -na)
sva - so
þæn - then
þja - instrumental marker "with" "used"
ut - out+accu./out of+dat.
úr - made by/done by

----

AFFIXES
al- - the whole of something ølhúss = all houses
-føldur - multiplicative suffix þrerføldur = threefold/thrice
ga- - collective many together gaspjók(nir) = (all)many ghosts
-ga - see "-yskur"
-lykur - see "-yskur"
-lyngur - diminuative bældlyngur = princeling
-løys - lacking þekklǿss = thoughtless
ó- - indicates opposite	ǿviss = not wise (stupid)
-ness - city on a beach	svanness = swanness
-sk - reflexive suffixe	tælsk = tell yourself/oneself (remember)
-skøpur - state of being gofaskøpur = to be steam (angry)
-sømur - added to a number to make a group of that number fæmmsømur = fivesome
-vyrður - worthy lyðvyrður (praiseworthy)
-vik - city by the sea	længvik = longwick
-vørður - toward nittvørður = near to night
-yngur - "born of" þikkyngur = born of thought (idea/man of science)
-yskur - approximative vissyskur = smart (almost wise)
-ør - agentive gifør = giver

----

CURRENCY
half penyngur (1 g of silver)
penyngur - penny (2 g of silver) 2 haypennies
skilyngur - shilling (12 g of silver) 6 pence
hvyrl - crown (60 g silver) 5 shillings
femmt - fifth (900 g of silver) 15 crowns

----

WEIGHT
singel - 2 g or .07 ounces d5
half stein - 4.5 kg or 10 lbs (2250 singilir) d5
stein - 9 kg or 20 lbs (4300 singilir or 2 half sténnir) d5
tviføldur - 18 kg or 39.5 lbs (8900 singilir or 4 half sténnir or 2 sténnir)

ti sténnir og ein half stein og féra hóndræðs femmté søyfn og skor singilir.
ti stiniː ɔɣ ɑɪn hɑlf stɑɪn ɔɣ firæ hundrɛjɪθs fɛmti sɔɪbən ɔɣ skɔː sɪŋgɪliː
----

MEASURE
fyngur - 6 cm or 2.25 inches d5
hønd - 11 cm or 7.5 inches (1.8 fengar) d5
skeplangt - 8 m or 8.8 yrd (1333 fengar or 727 hændi) d5
geng - 4.8 km or 3 miles (800,000 fengar or 436,363 hændi or 600 skeplængti) d5

----

TIME
speka - 4 min  
tjand - 2 hrs 24 min or 1/10 of a day (36 spiki)
dagg - 24 hrs or 1 day (10 tjandjar)
monæð - 28 days (280 tjandjar or 28 dæggir)
gjar - 365 days (3650 tjandjar or 365 dæggir or 13 moneði)

----

MONTHES
#1 nøgjar (new year) december 22 
#2 midvøtur (midwinter) january 19
#3 stirtlimonæð (barren month) february 16
#4 einmonæð (one month) March 16
#5 femmt (fifth) April 13
#6 eggtid (eggtide) May 11
#7 sólmonæð (sunmonth) June 8
#8 heymonæð (haymonth) July 6 (29 every 12 year)
#9 tviføld (twofold) August 3
#10 høystmonæð (harvest month) August 31 (29 every 12 years)
#11 nyvøtur (new winter) September 28
#12 frormonæð (frostmonth) October 26 (29 every 12 years)
#13 førnøgjar (before new year) november 25 

----

COLOURS
bla - dark blue
brúnur - brown
gjólur - yellow
gul - gold
grænn - green
hlúd - grey
hvytur - white
røyður - red
svørtur - black
sylf - silver

----

NUMBERS
All numbers are 5th declension
CARDINAL
ein - one
tveir - two 
þrir - three
féra - four 
femm - five
sess - six
søyfn - seven 
átta - eight
ni - nine
ti - ten
elefn - eleven
tvølf - twelve
þrirten - thirteen
sessten - sixteen
ninten - nineteen
tverté/skor - twenty
femmté/ti og tveir skors - fifty
ni og tveir skors - 49
hóndræð - hundred
femm hóndræðs sess og skor - 526


ORDINAL
fyrstur - first
annarr - second
þrið - third
férand - fourth
femmt - fifth
sesst - sixth
søyfnt - seventh
áttand - eighth
njand - ninth
tjand - tenth
elefnt - eleventh
tvølft - twelfth

----

DISCLAIMER
I am no longer sure if this section is grammatically correct

SENTENCES
SVOI - declarative
OVSI - interogative
IVO(S) - imperative

Akk heima i eitt nørðlik skogg.
i dwell in a northern forest.
þætt kall þikk Bjørn.
he calls you bjorn.
Akk taka gérni fram þérr.
i take the spear from you.
þinginn hvað skap hykkir i nittinn.
the thing what makes bangs in the night. - the thing that goes bump in the night.

þikk finnert ungur Olfarr?
find you young Olf? - did young olf find you?
ung Olfarr fynnú þá.
find young Olf you? - did you find young olf?
gérni taka Akk fram þérr?
take the spear i from you? - did i take the spear from you?

mérr gefar þætt.
to me give it. - give it to me. 

TENSES
infinitive - segjan (to say)
present - segja	(say/saying)
past - segð (said)
future - skæl segja (will say)


ASPECTS
frequentive - segjol (chatter)
habitual/progressive - segjændi (speak often)
protractive/iterative - segjæng (saying over and over/again and again) often implies that the action was boring
present perfect - haft segð (have said)
future perfect - skæl segð (will have said)

MOOD
cohortative - varr/vitt velja (let us)
conditional - skald (would)

----

NAMES
Aldrik - old power m.
Alfrik - elf power m.
Annarr - second child m./f.
eirik - "Eric" m.
Bjørn - bear m.
Bjærna - bearess f.
Bærny - small child m.
Fyrst - first child m./f.
Karl - man m.
Olfarr - related to Ólf m.
Ólf - wolf m.
Starkstein - strong stone m.
Trestei - trusted one f.
Vrekkør - wrecker m.
Øydis - island godess f.

VIRTUES
1. Gifting is praiseworthy. - gæfændi ar lyðvyrður.
2. Generosity is praiseworthy. - gefæng ar lyðvyrður.
3. Moderation is praiseworthy. - skæla ar lyðvyrður.
4. The maintaining of frith in all circumstances is praiseworthy. 
5. Courage is praiseworthy.
6. The seeking of good over ill is praiseworthy.
7. Hospitality is praiseworthy.
8. Courtesy is praiseworthy.
9. Tolerance is praiseworthy.
10. The pursuit of wisdom and knowledge is praiseworthy.
11. The defense of freedom is praiseworthy.
12. Industriousness is praiseworthy.
13. Vigilance is praiseworthy.
14. The protection, nurturing and forbearing of kin is praiseworthy.
15. Showing respect for elders is praiseworthy.
16. Loyalty to friends and kin is praiseworthy.
17. Keeping an oath is praiseworthy.
18. Honoring the sanctity of marriage is praiseworthy.
19. Refraining from mockery is praiseworthy.
2o. Refraining from arrogance is praiseworthy.
21. Making kin, honor and justice more important than gold is praiseworthy.
22. Cleanliness is praiseworthy.
23. The maintaining of one's dignity in all situations is praiseworthy.
24. Good organization is praiseworthy.
25. Persistence is praiseworthy.
26. The rule of law is praiseworthy.
27. To try ones steel against an opponent fairly is praiseworthy.
28. Respect for the dead is praiseworthy.
29. For a man to never strike a woman is praiseworthy.
30. To not abuse one's power is praiseworthy.

akk lófa spekka kruðling minn. - I love my little cabbageling.
ɑxk loʊ.fɐ spɛx.kɐ kɹʊð.liŋ mɪn
til kónyngni eig æm trést. - I am loyal to the king.
tʰɪl kʰoʊ.nʏŋ.ni ɛɪx æm vɹɛst

hystinn, þætt ar góð. - the horse is good.
həstɪn θɛjɪt æː ɣuθ
kóna, þætt slæpp. - the woman is sleeping. 
kunæ θɛjɪt slɛjɪp
kóna, þætt leikk. - the woman is dancing.
kunæ θɛjɪt lɑɪk
kónei, þætt stryku bjørna. - the woman is petting the bear.
kunɑɪ θɛjɪt stɹəku bʲɛwɪːnæ
kónei, þætt sja bjørna. - the woman sees the bear.
kunɑɪ θɛjɪt ʃæ bʲɛwɪnæ
kónei, þætt gef bykkni til mænninn. - the woman is giving the book to the man.	
kunɑɪ θɛjɪt ɣɛg bəkni tɛɪ mɛjɪnɪn

some sentences
vityng our Father Vityng names