Nother/Atlantic: Difference between revisions
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==Classification and influences== | ==Classification and influences== | ||
Atlantic is a [[Hadwan languages|Hadwan]] language in the [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] family. Besides its inherited lexicon, Atlantic derives borrowed vocabulary for acrolectal terms from [[Ancient Greek]], modern terms from [[Spanish]], and newer technical terms from [[English]]. | Atlantic is a [[Hadwan languages|Hadwan]] language in the [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] family. Besides its inherited lexicon, Atlantic derives borrowed vocabulary for acrolectal terms from [[Ancient Greek]], modern terms from [[Spanish]], and newer technical terms from [[Modern English]]. | ||
==Geographic distribution== | ==Geographic distribution== | ||
Revision as of 06:49, 9 August 2008
Atlantic (Ədlantkɛ, /ə̀dlɑnkɛ́/) is an Indo-European language spoken primarily by the demihumans of Atlantia (Ədləntɛ), a Mediterranean island in the Nother happentrack.
| Atlantic (Ədlantkɛ) | |
|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Atlantia (Ədləntɛ) |
| Timespan: | Modern day |
| Total speakers: | — |
| Genetic classification: |
Indo-European |
| Extra information | |
| Author: | Muke Tever | ✎ |
History
Atlantic is the name given to the Âdlantki language after about the late 1500s. The division is largely arbitrary, as the difference between the two stages of the language is not substantial. The largest difference is in the smoothing of original diphthongs; the most noticeable difference is the lowering of final vowels.
Classification and influences
Atlantic is a Hadwan language in the Indo-European family. Besides its inherited lexicon, Atlantic derives borrowed vocabulary for acrolectal terms from Ancient Greek, modern terms from Spanish, and newer technical terms from Modern English.
Geographic distribution
The original homeland of the Atlantic-speakers is Atlantia, though in later years overcrowding of the island led to the formation of substantial communities in nearby countries (Spain, Morocco, and Algeria), and later in the United States and Canada.
Sounds
The Atlantic language has twelve vowels: eight short and four long.
| front | central | back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | i | u | |
| close-mid | e ee | o oo | |
| open-mid | ɛ ɛɛ | ə | ɔ ɔɔ |
| low | a /ɑ/ |
Consonants are as follows:
| nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vl stop | p | t | k | |||
| vd stop | d | g | ||||
| vl fric | f | θ | s | ʃ | sy /ç/ | x |
| vd fric | v b /v/ | z | ʒ y /ʒ/ | |||
| sonorant | l | r /ɾ/ | y /j/ | |||
H is silent. Y is pronounced as /ʒ/ after a consonant or before /i/ and /u/.
Accentuation consists of a high or low pitch accent on the first mora of a word.
- ont /ònt/ "eye"
- sɔrrɛ /sɔ́ɾɾə/ "curse"
For historical reasons, most verbs have high pitch.
Grammar
Nouns
Atlantic nouns inflect only for number.
The singular is the unmarked form.
For words ending in -ɛ, the plural is formed by adding -s, thus -ɛs. For words ending in -e, the plural is formed by removing the -e and adding -ɔs. The plural of all other words is formed by appending -ɔs to the singular.
Exceptions exist, such as words in original long -ee: vee "hand", whose plural is veeos. Words whose -ee is secondary, such as ree "matter, affair", (earlier roye) have a regular plural such as reɔs.
A few words, mainly body parts, have a special dual in -o.
Verbs
Conjugating Atlantic verbs isn't too difficult: the endings are added regularly, with little change. The hard part is in remembering what conjugation a form takes, as well as the different stems each verb has.
The finite forms of the verb belong to one of three different stems: the progressive, the aorist, and the durative.
The progressive refers to an action in progress, and usually translates English plain or progressive verbs, such as enter or are eating. Aorist forms refer to an event as a whole, usually a completed one, and generally translates English past forms, like walked, or forms used in series of verbs: for example, in wants to go, "go" would be translated by the aorist. The durative is mostly falling out of use, except in verbs concerning thoughts and opinions: think, believe, know, want, like are usually represented by duratives in Atlantic.
The conjugations are labelled by characteristic consonants in the first person singular: votic have v, and kappatic have k.
Progressive endings
| v / k | sg | du | pl |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | -vɛ -kɛ |
-bdə | -(ə)ndə |
| 2nd | -rɛ | -bɛ | |
| 3rd | -tɛ | -(ə)ŋtɛ |
| simple | sg | du | pl |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 0 | -bdə | -ndə |
| 2nd | -r | -b | |
| 3rd | -t | -ŋt |
Aorist endings
| v / k | sg | du | pl |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | -va -k |
-bdə | -(ə)ndə |
| 2nd | -rɔ | -dɔ | |
| 3rd | -tɔ | -(ə)ŋtɔ |
| simple | sg | du | pl |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 0 | -bdə | -ndə |
| 2nd | -r | -d | |
| 3rd | -t | -ŋt |
An example
“fisvɛ” — to write.
| Progressive stem fis- | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| sg. | du. | pl. | |
| I. | fisvɛ | fisbdə | fisəndə |
| II. | fisrɛ | — | fisbe |
| III. | fistɛ | — | fisəŋtɛ |
| Aorist stem fes- | |||
| sg. | du. | pl. | |
| I. | fesva | fesbdə | fesəndə |
| II. | fesrɔ | — | fesdɔ |
| III. | festɔ | — | fesəŋtɔ |
Vocabulary
- Main article: Atlantic Lexicon
- The lexicon as a PDF file, 176K, dated 2 May 2004
Writing system
The Atlantic alphabet is descended from a variety of the Kirumb alphabet (PDF, 117K). As this is not convenient for computer entry, various transliterations exist, the most common being the IPA-influenced one used on this page, and a Windows-character-set-friendly one that is used over email.
