Senjecas Tax. Plantae: Difference between revisions

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<font size = 4>
==Pronunciation table==
==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1150px;"
!p
! colspan="6" | <center>पेमु॓को<br>peműko<br>(labial)</center>
!b
!f
!v
!m̃
!m
|
|
|
|
!t
! colspan="6" | रीसु॓कॊ<br>riisűko<br>(dental)
!d
!þ
!ð
!ɫ
!l
|
|
|
|
!ṡ
! colspan="6" | मुइतु॓को<br>muitűko<br>(alveolar)
!ż
!s
!z
!r
!n
|
|
|
|
!k
! colspan="6-" | भइनु॓को<br>vainűko<br>(palatal)
!g
!x
![[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
!h
![[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
!š
! colspan="2" |
!s̨
|
|
|
|
!i
! colspan="6" | च्युस्वे॓नोस् <br>ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(vowels with प)
!e
!a
![[Wikipedia:Ogonek#Similar diacritics|ǫ]]
!o
!u
|
|
|
|
!ĭ
! colspan="3" | नि॓थो  च्युस्वे॓नोस्  <br>nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos''' <br>(weak vowels)
!ĕ
!ŭ
|-
|-
|/p/
! <center>p</center>
|/b/
! b
|/ɸ/
! f
|/β/
! v
|/m̥/
! m̃
|/m/
! m
|
|
! t
! d
! þ
! ð
! ɫ
! l
|
|
|
|
|/t/
! ṡ
|/d/
! ż
|/θ/
! s
|/ð/
! z
|/l̥/
! r
|/l/
! n
|
|
|
|
|/ʦ/
! k
|/ʣ/
! g
|/s/
! x
|/z/
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
|/ɾ̥/
! h
|/n/
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
|/k/
! š
|/g/
! s̨
|/ç/
|/ʝ/
|/j̊/
|/j/
|
|
|
|
|/sʷ/
! i
|/sʲ/
! e
! a
! [[Wikipedia:O|ɔ]]
! o
! u
|
|
|
|
|/i/
! ɪ
|/e/
! ɛ
|/ä/
! y
|/ɒ/
|-
|/o/
! <center>प</center>
|/u/
! ब
! फ
! भ
! म़
! म
|
|
|
|
|/ɪ/
! त
|/ɛ/
! द
|/ʊ/
! थ
! ध
! ल़
! ल
|
|
! च
! ज
! स
! स़
! र
! न
|
|
! क
! ग
! क़
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ग़]]
! ह
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|य]]
|
|
! स्व
! स्य
|
|
! इ ई<br>पि पी
! ए एै<br>ए पै
! अ आ<br>प पा
! ऒ ॵ<br>पॊ पॏ
! ओ औ<br>पो पौ
! उ ऊ<br>पु पू
|
|
! पं
! पऺ
! पॅ
|-
| /p/
| /b/
| /ɸ/
| /β/
| /m̥/
| /m/
!
!
| /t/
| /d/
| /θ/
| /ð/
| /l̥/
| /l/
!
!
| /ʦ/
| /ʣ/
| /s/
| /z/
| /ɾ̥/
| /n/
!
!
| /k/
| /g/
| /ç/
| /ʝ/
| /j̊/
| /j/
!
!
| /sʷ/
| /sʲ/
!
!
| /i/
| /e/
| /ä/
| /ɒ/
| /o/
| /u/
!
!
| /ɪ/
| /ɛ/
| /ʊ/
|}
|}




==Introduction==
==Introduction==
*In the Sefdaanian cultures, each individual is a member of a hierarchy of communities. The Ethrans have used this hierarchy as a pattern for their classification of life forms.
#In the Sefdaanian cultures, each individual is a member of a hierarchy of communities. The Ethrans have used this hierarchy as a pattern for their classification of life forms.
#The individual is, first of all, a member of one of the six Loquent Peoples. The largest of the taxonomic communities is that of the '''le̋uða''' ['''le̋uðu''', people]. Thus, there are "animal people" and "plant people". This division corresponds to "kingdom" in modern taxonomy.
#The individual is, first of all, a member of one of the six Loquent Peoples. The largest of the taxonomic communities is that of the '''le̋uða''' ['''le̋uðu''', people] Thus, there are ''animal people'' and ''plant people''. This division corresponds to ''kingdom'' in modern taxonomy.
#Next, the individual lives in one of the seven regions (watersheds) of Sefdaania. This division, the '''ta̋im̃a''' ['''ta̋im̃a''', region], corresponds to "class" in modern taxonomy.
#Next, the individual lives in one of the seven regions (watersheds) of Sefdaania. This division, the '''ta̋im̃a''' ['''ta̋im̃a''', region], corresponds to ''class'' in modern taxonomy.
#Within the several regions, the individual lives in a commune. This division, the '''kőina''' ['''kőino''', commune, corresponds to "order" in modern taxonomy.
#Within the several regions, the individual lives in a commune. This division, the '''kőina''' ['''kőino''', commune, corresponds to ''order'' in modern taxonomy.
#Each commune is comprised of a number of families. This division, the '''ða̋ma''' ['''ða̋mu''', family], corresponds to "family" in modern taxonomy.
#Each commune is comprised of a number of families. This division, the '''ða̋ma''' ['''ða̋mu''', family], corresponds to ''family'' in modern taxonomy.
#Within the family, the individual is usually one of several siblings. This division, the '''ȝőőra''' ['''ȝőőru''', sibling], corresponds to "genus" in modern taxonomy.
#Within the family, the individual is usually one of several siblings. This division, the '''ȝőőra''' ['''ȝőőru''', sibling], corresponds to ''genus'' in modern taxonomy.
#And finally there is the individual himself. This division, the '''še̋ða''' ['''še̋ðu''', individual], corresponds to "species" in modern taxonomy.
#And finally there is the individual himself. This division, the '''še̋ða''' ['''še̋ðu''', individual], corresponds to ''species'' in modern taxonomy.


*Finer divisions can be made with the use of prefixes, ''e.g.'':
*Finer divisions can be made with the use of prefixes, ''e.g.'':
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::::Superfamily (SF) - '''ufða̋ma'''
::::Superfamily (SF) - '''ufða̋ma'''
:::::Family (F) - '''ða̋ma'''
:::::Family (F) - '''ða̋ma'''
::::::::Subfamily (sF) - '''nerða̋ma'''
::::::Subfamily (sF) - '''nerða̋ma'''
::::::::Tribe (T) - '''ufȝőőra'''
:::::::Tribe (T) - '''ufȝőőra'''




==Notes==
==Notes==
#''cpd'' = a compound of two or more roots, ''e.g.'', '''hűro, (water) + '''műűsi''', (moss) = '''hurműűsi''', water moss.
#''cpd'' = a compound of two or more roots, ''e.g.'', '''hűro''', (water) + '''műűsi''', (moss) = '''hurműűsi''', water moss.
#Names in {{Color|red|red}} are those of birds that did not exist in Sefdaania.
#Names in {{Color|red|red}} are those of plants that did not exist in Sefdaania.
#The numbers indicate the number of [[Wikipedia:Lemma|lemmata]], not the number of species.
#The numbers indicate the number of [[Wikipedia:Lemma|lemmata]], not the number of species.




==Taxonomic Table==
==Taxonomic Table==
===D. Bryophyta - '''muusle̋uda'''  [PIE *mūs, moss > English moss)===
===D. Bryophyta - '''muusle̋uða'''  [PIE *''mūs'', moss > English <u>moss</u>]===
====C. Bryopsida====
====C. Bryopsida====
:::O. Hypnales
:::O. Hypnales
:::::F. Fontinalaceae
:::::F. Fontinalaceae
::::::::'''cpd''' '''hurműűsi''', water moss (''Fontinalis antipyretica'') ['''huro''', water; '''műűsi''', moss].
::::::::''cpd'' '''hurműűsi''', water moss (''Fontinalis antipyretica'') ['''huro''', water; '''műűsi''', moss]


:::::F. Hylocomiaceae
:::::F. Hylocomiaceae
::::::::''cpd'' '''niƣműűsi''', glittering wood-moss (''Hylocomium splendens'') ['''niqa''', ''i.v.'' glitter].
::::::::''cpd'' '''niƣműűsi''', glittering wood-moss (''Hylocomium splendens'') ['''niqa''', ''i.v.'' glitter; '''műűsi''', moss]
====Sphagnopsida====
:::O. Sphagnales
::::F. Sphagnaceae
::::::::'''cpd''' '''s̨ufműűsi''', [[Wikipedia:Sphagnum|sphagnum]] spp. ['''s̨űfa''', ''t.v.'' absorb; '''műűsi''', moss]


===D. Pteridophyta – '''ǧimrĕle̋uða''' (PKar ''*gwimar-'', fern > Georgian ''<u>gvimr</u>a'')===
===D. Pteridophyta – '''ǧimrɛle̋uða'''===
====C. Equisetopsida – '''ṡ̨ooxta̋im̃a'''====
====C. Equisetopsida – '''ṡ̨ooxta̋im̃a'''====
:::O. Equisetales - '''ṡ̨ook̨őina'''
:::O. Equisetales - '''ṡ̨ooxkőina'''
:::::F. Equisetaceae - '''ṡ̨ooxða̋ma'''
:::::F. Equisetaceae - '''ṡ̨ooxða̋ma'''
::::::::001 '''ṡ̨őőki''', horsetail (''Equisetum hyemale'').
::::::::001 '''ṡ̨őőki''', horsetail (''Equisetum hyemale'')


====C. Polydodiopsida====
====C. Polydodiopsida====
:::O. Polydodiales
:::O. Polydodiales
:::::F. Onocleaceae - '''partĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Onocleaceae - '''partɛða̋ma'''
::::::::002 '''pa̋rti''', shuttlecock fern (''Mateuccia struthopteri'') [> English <u>fern</u>].
::::::::002 '''pa̋rti''', shuttlecock fern (''Mateuccia struthopteri'') [PIE *''parǝt-'', fern > English <u>fern</u>]


====C. Pteridopsida====
====C. Pteridopsida====
:::O. Dennstaedtiales
:::O. Dennstaedtiales
:::::F. Dennstaedtiaceae - '''káƣpartĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Dennstaedtiaceae - '''ráipartɛða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''kaƣpa̋rti''', bracken (''Pteridium aquilinum'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''raipa̋rti''', bracken (''Pteridium aquilinum'') ['''ra̋ȝo''', hill]


===D. Gnetophyta===
===D. Gnetophyta===
====C. Gnetopsida====
====C. Gnetopsida====
:::O. Ephedrales
:::O. Ephedrales
:::::F. Ephedraceae - '''nixrĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Ephedraceae - '''nixrɛða̋ma'''
::::::::003 '''nı̋xri''', sea grape (''Ephedra distachya'').
::::::::003 '''nı̋xri''', sea grape (''Ephedra distachya'')
===D. Lycopodiophyta - '''dúðmuusle̋uða'''===
===D. Lycopodiophyta - '''dúðmuusle̋uða'''===
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:::O. Lycopodiales - '''dúðmuuskőina'''
:::O. Lycopodiales - '''dúðmuuskőina'''
:::::F. Lycopodiaceae – '''dúðmuusða̋ma'''
:::::F. Lycopodiaceae – '''dúðmuusða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''duðműűsi''', clubmoss (''Lycopodium clavatum'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''duðműűsi''', clubmoss (''Lycopodium clavatum'') ['''dűdo''', club; '''műűsi''', moss]


===D. Pinophyta – '''ṡ̨axle̋uða''' [> Turkish ''<u>ček</u>i-r-dek'', seed)===
===D. Pinophyta – '''ṡ̨axle̋uða''' [PAlt *''č`ā̀ki'', k. of coniferous tree > Turkish ''<u>ček</u>irdek'', kernel]===
====C. Pinopsida - '''ðanta̋im̃a'''====
====C. Pinopsida - '''ðanta̋im̃a'''====
:::O. Pinales - '''ðankőina'''
:::O. Pinales - '''ðankőina'''


:::::F. Pinaceae - '''ðanða̋ma'''
:::::F. Pinaceae - '''ðanða̋ma'''
::::::::004 '''ɫa̋ṡi''', Siberian larch (''Larix sibirica'') [> Evenki ''<u>ńah</u>amna'', young larch].
::::::::004 '''ɫa̋ṡi''', Siberian larch (''Larix sibirica'') [PAlt *l/ĺáčà, larch > [[Wikipedia:Evenki language|Evenki]] ''<u>ńah</u>amna'', young larch]
::::::::005 '''ṡa̋a̋xti''', larch (''Larix decidua'') [> Manchu ''<u>ǯaqd</u>an'', pine tree].
::::::::005 '''ṡa̋a̋xti''', larch (''Larix decidua'') [PAlt *''čā́kte'', pine > Manchu ''<u>ǯaqd</u>an'', pine tree]
::::::::006 '''ða̋ni''', silver fir (''Abies alba'') [> German ''<u>Tan</u>ne'', fir].
::::::::006 '''ða̋ni''', silver fir (''Abies alba'') [PIE *''dhanu'', fir > German ''<u>Tan</u>ne'', fir]
::::::::007 '''n̨a̋ni''', Caucasian fir (''Abies nordmanniana'') [> Japanese ''<u>móm</u>i'', fir].
::::::::007 '''n̨a̋ni''', Caucasian fir (''Abies nordmanniana'') [PAlt *''ŋi̯ā̀ŋe'', fir > Japanese もみ ''<u>móm</u>i'', fir]
::::::::008 '''m̨a̋li''', Siberian fir (''Abies sibirica'') [> Manchu ''<u>mol</u>ori', cypress].
::::::::008 '''m̨a̋li''', Siberian fir (''Abies sibirica'') [PAlt *''mi̯alu'', k. of evergreen  > Manchu ''<u>mol</u>ori'', cypress]
::::::::009 '''ele̋nti''', Norway spruce (''Picea abies'').
::::::::009 '''ele̋nti''', Norway spruce (''Picea abies'') [PIE *''elntā'', ? > Armenian ''<u>eɫe</u>vin'', ?]
::::::::010 '''e̋rzi''', {{color|red|deodar}} (''Cedrus deodara'').
::::::::010 '''e̋rzi''', {{Color|red|deodar}} (''Cedrus deodara'')
::::::::011 '''a̋nþi''', cedar of Lebanon (''Cedrus libani'') [> Turkish ''<u>and</u>ɨz'', bush].
::::::::011 '''a̋nþi''', {{Color|red|cedar of Lebanon}} (''Cedrus libani'') [PAlt *''aŋt`à'', fragrant plant > Turkish ''<u>and</u>ɨz'', bush]
::::::::012 '''pe̋uṡi''', Scots pine (''Pinus sylvestris'') [> German ''<u>Fich</u>te'', spruce].
::::::::012 '''pe̋uṡi''', Scots pine (''Pinus sylvestris'') [PIE *''peuk' '', spruce > German ''<u>Fich</u>te'', spruce]
::::::::013 s̨űli, Swiss pine (''Pinus cembra'') [> Korean ''<u>sór</u>'', pine tree].
::::::::013 '''s̨űli''', Swiss pine (''Pinus cembra'') [PAlt *''si̯ulu'', pine tree > Korean 솔 ''<u>sór</u>'', pine tree]
::::::::014 ''ṡe̋sni'', Siberian pine (''Pinus sibirica'') [> German ''<u>Kien</u>'', pine wood].
::::::::014 '''ṡe̋sni''', Siberian pine (''Pinus sibirica'') [PIE *''k̂esn-'', pine > German ''<u>Kien</u>'', pine wood]
::::::::''cpd'' '''šaaðþőbe''', Serbian spruce (''Picea omorika'') ['''ša̋a̋di''', ''adj.'' sweet]


:::::F. Cupresseaceae - '''ȝoinða̋ma'''
:::::F. Cupresseaceae - '''ȝoinða̋ma'''
::::::::015 '''ȝőini''', common juniper (''Juniperus communis'') [> English <u>jun</u>iper].
::::::::015 '''ȝőini''', common (''Juniperus communis'') [PIE *''yoin-'', juniper > English <u>jun</u>iper]
::::::::016 '''ele̋ni''', Savin juniper (''Juniperus sabinus'').
::::::::016 '''ele̋nti''', Savin juniper (''Juniperus sabina'') [PIE *''elent-'', a tree with soft or flexible wood > English <u>lithe</u>]


:::::F. Taxaceae - '''iim̃ða̋ma'''
:::::F. Taxaceae - '''iim̃ða̋ma'''
::::::::017 '''ı̋ı̋m̃i''', yew (''Taxus baccata'') [> English <u>yew</u>].
::::::::017 '''ı̋ı̋m̃i''', yew (''Taxus baccata'') [PIE *''i/īw-'' ? > English <u>yew</u>]


===D. Magnaliophyta - '''nanle̋uða'''===
===D. Magnoliophyta - '''nanle̋uða'''===
====C. Liliopsida - '''sémvalta̋im̃a'''====
====C. Liliopsida - '''þúnvaalta̋im̃a''' ['''þűn''', one; '''va̋a̋lo''', leaf]====
:::O. Alismatales - '''méþnankőina'''
:::O. Alismatales - '''méþnankőina'''
:::::F. Araceae - '''algĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Araceae - '''algɛða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Lemnoideae - '''algúfnerða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Lemnoideae - '''algúfnerða̋ma'''
::::::::018 '''a̋lgi''', duckweed (''Lemna minor'') [> English <u>alg</u>ae].
::::::::018 '''a̋lgi''', duckweed (''Lemna minor'') [PIE *''alg-'', duckweed > English <u>alg</u>ae]


::::::sF. Aroideae - '''gigárnerða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Aroideae - '''gigárnerða̋ma'''
::::::::019 '''giga̋ri''', Italian arum (''Arum italicum'') [> Etruscan ''gigaro'', ''Arum italicum''].
::::::::019 '''giga̋ri''', Italian arum (''Arum italicum'') [> Etruscan ''<u>gigar</u>o'', ''Arum italicum'']


:::::F. Alismataceae - '''morkĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Alismataceae - '''morkɛða̋ma'''
::::::::020 '''mőrki''', arrowhead (''Sagittaria sagittifolia'') [> German ''<u>Möhr</u>e'', carrot].
::::::::020 '''mőrki''', arrowhead (''Sagittaria sagittifolia'') [PIE *''mork-'', edible herbs > German ''<u>Möhr</u>e'', carrot]


:::O. Poales – '''aivkőina'''
:::O. Poales – '''airkőina'''
:::::F. Poaceae - '''aivða̋ma'''
:::::F. Poaceae - '''airða̋ma'''
::::::::021 '''a̋iri''', rye grass (''Lolium perenne'') [> Old Greek ''αιρα'', darnel].
::::::::021 '''a̋iri''', rye grass (''Lolium perenne'') [PIE ''<u>air</u>ā'', darnel > Old Greek αιρα, darnel]
::::::::022 '''xa̋ri''', darnel (''Lolium temulentum'') [> Korean ''<u>kar</u>aǯi'' Lolium temulentum].
::::::::022 '''xa̋ri''', darnel (''Lolium temulentum'') [PAlt *''k`àrò(mV) cockle > Korean ''<u>kar</u>aǯi'' ''Lolium temulentum'']
::::::::023 '''aarı̋gi''', finger millet (''Eleusine coracana'') [> Kannada ''<u>ārik</u>e'', Indian millet].
::::::::023 '''aarı̋gi''', finger millet (''Eleusine coracana'') [PDrav*''ārig-'', millet > [[Wikipedia:Kannadas|Kannada]] ''<u>ārik</u>e'', Indian millet]
::::::::024 '''pe̋lvi''', spelt (''Triticum spelta'') [> English, <u>pul</u>se].
::::::::024 '''pe̋lvi''', spelt (''Triticum spelta'') [PIE *''(s)pelbh-'', spelt > English, <u>pul</u>se]
::::::::025 '''te̋rni''', einkorn (''Triticum  monococcum'').
::::::::025 '''te̋rni''', [[Wikipedia:Einkorn wheat|einkorn]] (''Triticum  monococcum'')
::::::::026 '''are̋nki''', emmer wheat (''Triticum dicoccum'').
::::::::026 '''are̋nki''', [[Wikipedia:Emmer|emmer]] wheat (''Triticum dicoccum'') [PIE ''arenko'', ''Triticum dicoccum'' > ?]
::::::::027 '''pűűri''', wheat [> English <u>fur</u>ze].
::::::::027 '''pűűri''', wheat [PIE *pūr-, wheat > English <u>fur</u>ze]
::::::::028 '''va̋rsi''', barley (''Hordeum vulgare'') [> English <u>bar</u>ley].
::::::::028 '''va̋rsi''', barley (''Hordeum vulgare'') [PIE *''vares'', barley > English <u>bar</u>ley]
::::::::029 '''here̋zði''', barley [> German ''<u>Gerst</u>e'', barley].
::::::::029 '''here̋zði''', barley [PIE *''g'herzd-'', barley > German ''<u>Gerst</u>e'', barley]
::::::::030 '''a̋lvi''', barley [> Albanian <u>elb</u>, barley].
::::::::030 '''a̋lvi''', barley [PIE *''alvi'' ? > Albanian ''<u>elb</u>'', barley]
::::::::031 '''a̋rfi''', Proso millet (''Panicum miliaceum'') [> Turkish ''<u>arp</u>a'', barley].
::::::::031 '''a̋rfi''', Proso millet (''Panicum miliaceum'') [PAlt *''àrp`á'', millet > Turkish ''<u>arp</u>a'', barley]
::::::::032 '''ṅűrgi''', sorghum (''Sorghum bicolor'').
::::::::032 '''ṅűrgi''', sorghum (''Sorghum bicolor'')
::::::::033 '''őlm̃i''' Maiden grass (''Micanthus sinensis'').
::::::::033 '''őlm̃i''' Maiden grass (''Micanthus sinensis'') [PIE *''olewā'', ''Phragmites communis'' > ?]
::::::::034 '''rűgi''', rye (''Secale cereale'') [> English <u>rye</u>].
::::::::034 '''rűgi''', rye (''Secale cereale'') [PIE *''rug-i'', rye > English <u>rye</u>]
::::::::035 '''rűli''', reed grass (''Phragmites australis'').
::::::::035 '''rűli''', reed grass (''Phragmites australis'').
::::::::036 '''am̃ı̋żi''', oats (''Avena sativa'') [> Latin ''<u>av</u>ēna'', oats].
::::::::036 '''am̃ı̋żi''', oats (''Avena sativa'') [PIE *''awig' '' > Latin ''<u>av</u>ēna'', oats]
::::::::037 '''ṡ̨a̋gi''', giant reed (''Arundo donax'') [> Korean ''<u>čoŋ</u>i'', paper].
::::::::037 '''ṡ̨a̋gi''', giant reed (''Arundo donax'') [PAlt *''č`(a)ge'', reed > Korean 종이 ''<u>jong</u>i'', paper]
::::::::038 '''me̋lki''', tussock grass (''Deschampsia caespitosa'').
::::::::038 '''me̋lxi''', tussock grass (''Deschampsia caespitosa'') [PIE *smelk'-, k. of herbaceous plant > German ''<u>Schmiel</u>e'', hair grass]
::::::::039 '''de̋xi''', canary grass (''Phalaris arundanacea'') [> Japanese ''<u>ták</u>e'', bamboo].
::::::::039 '''de̋xi''', canary grass (''Phalaris arundanacea'') [PAlt *''dék`à'', k. of reed > Japanese たけ ''<u>ták</u>e'', bamboo]
::::::::''cpd'' '''naada̋ibi''', sweet grass (''Hierochloe odorata'') ['''na̋a̋da''', ''t.v.'' perfume; '''a̋ibi''', sweet grass].
::::::::''cpd'' '''naada̋ibi''', sweet grass (''Hierochloe odorata'') ['''na̋a̋da''', ''t.v.'' perfume; '''a̋ibi''', grass]
   
   
:::::F. Cyperaceae - '''iinða̋ma'''
:::::F. Cyperaceae - '''iinða̋ma'''
::::::::040 '''ı̋ı̋ni''', acute sedge (''Carex acuta'').
::::::::040 '''ı̋ı̋ni''', acute sedge (''Carex acuta'')
::::::::041 '''fe̋lṡi''', tufted sedge (''Carex elata'').
::::::::041 '''fe̋lṡi''', tufted sedge (''Carex elata'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''b̨ulba̋ti''', bog cotton (''Eriophorum angustifolium'') ['''b̨űlo''', wick; '''-ba̋ti''', ''suffix used in naming plants'']


:::::F. Juncaceae - '''xulgĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Juncaceae - '''xulgɛða̋ma'''
::::::::042 '''xűlgi''', hard rush (''Juncus inflexus'') [> Korean ''<u>kol</u>-phul'', rush].
::::::::042 '''xűlgi''', hard rush (''Juncus inflexus'') [PAlt *''k`ul(g)o'', rush > Korean골풀 ''<u>gol</u>-pul'', rush]


:::::F.Typhaceae - kurð̤a̋ma
:::::F.Typhaceae - '''kurð̤a̋ma'''
::::::::043 '''kűrði''', cattail, reedmace (''Typha latifolia'').
::::::::043 '''kűrði''', cattail, reedmace (''Typha latifolia'')


:::O. Zingiberales - '''veerkőina'''
:::O. Zingiberales - '''veerkőina'''
:::::F. Zingiberaceae - '''veerða̋ma'''
:::::F. Zingiberaceae - '''veerða̋ma'''
::::::::044 '''ve̋e̋ri''', wild ginger (''Asarum europaeum'') [> Old Tamil ''<u>vēr</u>'', ginger].
::::::::044 '''ve̋e̋ri''', wild ginger (''Asarum europaeum'') [PDrav ? > Old Tamil ''<u>vēr</u>'', ginger]
::::::::045 '''ma̋nżi''', turmeric (''Curcuma longa'') [PDrav *manǯ-, turmeric > Tamil ''<u>mañc</u>aḷ'', turmeric]


====C. Magnaliopsida - '''nanta̋im̃a'''====
====C. Magnoliopsida - '''nanta̋im̃a''' ['''na̋na''', flower]====
:::O. Apiales - '''minkőina'''
:::O. Apiales - '''minkőina'''
:::::F. Apiaceae - '''minða̋ma'''
:::::F. Apiaceae - '''minða̋ma'''
::::::::045 '''mı̋ni''', parsley (''Petroselinum crispum'') [> PKorean ''<u>*mìnàrí</u>, parsley].
::::::::046 '''mı̋ni''', parsley (''Petholinum crispum'') [PAlt *''mińa'', k. of grass > Korean ''<u>mina</u>rí'', parsley]
::::::::046 '''ṡ̬e̋nði''', angelica (''Angelica sylvestris'') [> Latin, ''<u>comb</u>rētum'', aromatic plant].
::::::::047 '''ṡ̬e̋nði''', angelica (''Angelica sylvestris'') [PIE *''k'wenǝdh-'', plant with hollow stem > Latin ''<u>comb</u>rētum'', aromatic plant]
::::::::047 '''maðűrki''' fennel (''Foeniculum vulgare'').
::::::::048 '''maðűrki''' fennel (''Foeniculum vulgare'')
::::::::048 ''' me̋aaṡi''', carrot (''Daucus carota sativa'').
::::::::049 '''me̋aaṡi''', carrot (''Daucus carota sativa'')
::::::::049 '''nı̋pi''', parsnip (''Pastinaca sativa'').
::::::::050 '''nı̋pi''', parsnip (''Pastinaca sativa'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''nuuv̨a̋li''', chervil (''Anthriscus cerefolium'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''nuuv̨a̋li''', chervil (''Anthriscus cerefolium'')
::::::::050 '''se̋lni''', celery (''Apium graveolens dulce'').
::::::::051 '''se̋lni''', celery (''Apium graveolens dulce'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''ɫeerse̋e̋i''', caraway (''Carum carvi'').
::::::::052 '''aȝamőti''', caraway (''Carum carvi'') [> Tocharian B ''<u>ajamot</u>'', parsley or caraway]
::::::::''cpd'' '''t̨áátode̋gi''', lovage (''Levisticum officinale'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''t̨áátode̋gi''', lovage (''Levisticum officinale'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''šaaðsűvi''', cicely (''Myrrhis odorata'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''šaaðsűvi''', cicely (''Myrrhis odorata'')


:::O. Aquifoliales - '''xeðkőina'''
:::O. Aquifoliales - '''xeðkőina'''
:::::F. Aquifoliaceae - '''xeð̤a̋ma'''
:::::F. Aquifoliaceae - '''xeð̤a̋ma'''
::::::::051 '''xe̋di''', ivy (''Hedera helix'') [> Latin ''<u>hed</u>era'', ivy].
::::::::053 '''xe̋di''', ivy (''Hedera helix'') [PIE *''khVd-'', ivy > Latin ''<u>hed</u>era'', ivy]
::::::::052 '''ı̋vi''', Russian ivy (''Hedera pastuchovii'').
::::::::054 '''e̋vi''', Russian ivy (''Hedera pastuchovii'') [PIE *''ibh-'', ivy > English <u>ivy</u>]


:::::F. Arialaceae - '''íílokŭða̋ma'''
:::::F. Arialaceae - '''íílokyða̋ma'''
::::::::053 '''iilők̬i''', European holly (''Ilex aquifolium'') [> English ''<u>ilex</u>''].
::::::::055 '''iilők̬i''', European holly (''Ilex aquifolium'') [PIE *''īlokʷ-'', thorny plant > English <u>ilex</u>]


:::O. Asparagales - '''sizkőina'''
:::O. Asparagales - '''sizkőina'''
:::::F. Iridaceae - '''sizða̋ma'''
:::::F. Iridaceae - '''sizða̋ma'''
::::::::054 '''sı̋zi''', crocus (''Crocus cartwrightianus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Kui language (India)|Kui]] ''<u>sṛ</u>īnga'', turmeric].
::::::::056 '''sı̋zi''', crocus (''Crocus cartwrightianus'') [PDrav *''siẓ-'', saffron > [[Wikipedia:Kui language (India)|Kui]] ''<u>sṛ</u>īnga'', turmeric]
::::::::''cpd'' '''saaðva̋li''', iris (''Iris spp.'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''sááðnanva̋a̋li''', iris (''Iris spp.'') ['''sa̋a̋ð''', six; '''na̋no''', flower; '''va̋a̋lo''', leaf]


:::::F. Amaryllidaceae - '''k̨úðlaxða̋ma'''
:::::F. Amaryllidaceae - '''k̨úðlaxða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''k̨uðla̋ki''', daffodil (''Pancratium maritimum'').
::::::sF. Amaryllidoideae
::::::::''cpd'' '''naaðma̋zmi''' daffodil (''Narcissus poeticus'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''k̨uðla̋ki''', daffodil (''Pancratium maritimum'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''naaðma̋zmi''' daffodil (''Narcissus poeticus'')


:::::F. Asparagaceae - '''ásfargĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Asparagaceae - '''ásfargɛða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Asparagoideae - '''asfárgĕnerða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Asparagoideae - '''asfárgɛnerða̋ma'''
::::::::055 '''asfa̋rgi''', asparagus (''Asparagus spp.'').
::::::::057 '''asfa̋rgi''', asparagus (''Asparagus spp.'') [> Greek ''<u>ἀσφάρᾰγ</u>ος'', asparagus]


::::::sF. Nolinoideae - '''oolnĕzárnerða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Nolinoideae - '''zarkɛna̋n̈erða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''zarna̋nki''' lily of the valley (''Convallaria majali'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''zarkɛna̋ni''' lily of the valley (''Convallaria majali'') ['''za̋ro''', bell; '''-k-''', ''diminutive suffix''; '''na̋no''', flower]
:::::F. Alliaceae - '''ɠangĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Alliaceae - '''ɠangɛða̋ma'''
::::::::056 '''ɠa̋ngi''', field garlic (''Allium oleraceum'').
::::::::058 '''ɠa̋ngi''', field garlic (''Allium oleraceum'')
::::::::057 '''leena̋a̋li''', chives (''Allium schoenoprasum'').
::::::::059 '''leena̋a̋li''', chives (''Allium schoenoprasum'')
::::::::058 '''kőrmi''',onion (''Allium cepa'') [> English <u>ram</u>sons].
::::::::060 '''kőrmi''', onion (''Allium cepa'') [PIE *''krom-'', onion > English <u>ram</u>sons]
::::::::059 '''me̋nri''', ramsons (''Allium ursinum'').
::::::::061 '''me̋nri''', ramsons (''Allium ursinum'') [PAlt ''ménrV'', onion > Mongolian*''<u>maŋ</u>gir'', wild onion]
::::::::060 '''pǫ̋si''', leek (''Allium porrum'') [> Latin ''<u>porr</u>um'', leek].
::::::::062 '''pɔ̋si''', leek (''Allium porrum'') [PIE *''prs-'', leek > Latin ''<u>porr</u>um'', leek]


:::::F. Orchidaceae - '''áṡentĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Orchidaceae - '''áṡentɛða̋ma'''
::::::::061 '''aṡe̋nti''', yellow lady’s slipper (''Cypripedium calceolus'').
::::::::063 '''aṡe̋nti''', yellow lady’s slipper (''Cypripedium calceolus'') [PIE *''aǩnto-'', lady’s slipper [> ?]
::::::::''cpd'' '''laṡe̋nti''', spotted lady’s slipper (''Cypripedium guttatum'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''lasṡe̋nti''', spotted lady’s slipper (''Cypripedium guttatum'') ['''la̋ṡi''', ''adj.'' spotted; '''aṡe̋nti''', yellow lady’s slipper]
::::::::''cpd'' '''méżace̋nti''', large-flowered lady’s slipper (''Cypripedium macranthos'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''méżaṡe̋nti''', large-flowered lady’s slipper (''Cypripedium macranthos'') ['''me̋żi''', ''adj.'' large; '''aṡe̋nti''', yellow lady’s slipper]


:::::F. Xanthorrhoeaceae - '''húrvalða̋ma'''
:::::F. Xanthorrhoeaceae - '''húrvaalða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Asphodeloideae - '''hurválnerða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Asphodeloideae - '''hurváálnerða̋ma'''
:::::::: ''cpd'' '''hurva̋li''', aloe spp. (''Aloe spp.'').
:::::::: ''cpd'' '''hurva̋a̋li''', {{Color|red|aloe spp.}} (''Aloe spp.'') ['''hűro''', water; '''va̋a̋lo''', leaf]


:::O. Asterales - '''nunkőina'''
:::O. Asterales - '''nunkőina'''
:::::F. Asteraceae - '''nunða̋ma'''
:::::F. Asteraceae - '''nunða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''xulte̋e̋ri''', golden rod (''Solidago virgaurea'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''xulte̋e̋ri''', golden rod (''Solidago virgaurea'') ['''xuli''', ''adj.'' yellow; '''te̋e̋ro''', color]
::::::::062 '''dı̋hi''', lesser burdock (''Arctium minus'').
::::::::064 '''dı̋hi''', lesser burdock (''Arctium minus'')
::::::::063 '''la̋pi''', greater burdock (''Arctium lappa'') [> Latin ''<u>lap</u>pa'', burr].
::::::::065 '''la̋pi''', greater burdock (''Arctium lappa'') [PIE *''lap'', burdock > Latin ''<u>lap</u>pa'', burr]
::::::::064 '''kı̋lþi''', corn marigold (''Chrysanthemum segetum'').
::::::::066 '''kı̋lþi''', corn marigold (''Chrysanthemum segetum'')
::::::::065 '''nűni''', dandelion (''Taraxacum kok-saghyz'').
::::::::067 '''la̋a̋xi''', dandelion (''Taraxacum kok-saghyz'') [PAlt *''l/ĺā̀k`a'', plant with an edible root > Japanese ねぎ  ''<u>nég</u>i'', leek]
::::::::066 '''ƥőki''', grand wormwood (''Artemisia absinthium'').
::::::::068 '''ƥőki''', grand wormwood (''Artemisia absinthium'')
::::::::067 '''ża̋fi''', sea wormwood (''Artemisia maritima'') [> Korean ''<u>čeb</u>i s:ok'', wormwood].
::::::::069 '''ża̋fi''', sea wormwood (''Artemisia maritima'') [PAlt *''ǯap`V'', wormwood > Korean 향쑥 ''<u>hyang</u> ssuk'', wormwood]
::::::::068 '''a̋mɫi''', coltsfoot (''Tussilago farfara'') [> Inupik ''<u>mul</u>i(k)'', coltsfoot].
::::::::070 '''a̋mɫi''', coltsfoot (''Tussilago farfara'') [PEsk*''ămɫu-'', coltsfoot > [[Wikipedi:Iñupiat|Inupik]] ''<u>mul</u>i(k)'', coltsfoot]
::::::::069 '''n̨a̋si''', musk thistle (''Carduus nutans'').
::::::::071 '''n̨a̋si''', musk thistle (''Carduus nutans'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''xulkı̋ṡi''', tansy (''Tanacetum vulgare'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''xulkı̋ṡi''', tansy (''Tanacetum vulgare'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''losba̋li''', wall lettuce (''Lactuca muralis'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''losba̋li''', wall lettuce (''Lactuca muralis'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''melkɛn̨a̋si''', woolly thistle (''Cirsium eriophorum'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''fɪhaiɫn̨a̋si''', stemless carline thistle  (''Carlina acaulis'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''suulnőőli''', common daisy (''Bellis perennis'').


:::::F. Campanulaceae - '''m̃ííṡűxða̋ma'''
:::::F. Campanulaceae - '''m̃ííṡűxða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''m̃iiṡűki''', rampion (''Campanula rapanculus'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''m̃iiṡűki''', rampion (''Campanula rapanculus'')


:::::F. Menyanthaceae - '''kaaxlĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Menyanthaceae - '''kaaxlɛða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''ka̋a̋xli''', water fringe (''Nymphoides peltata'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''ka̋a̋xli''', water fringe (''Nymphoides peltata'')


:::O. Brassicales - '''raafkőina'''
:::O. Brassicales - '''raafkőina'''
:::::F. Capparaceae - '''goiða̋ma'''
:::::F. Capparaceae - '''goiða̋ma'''
::::::::070 '''gőȝi''' caper (''Capparis spinosa'').
::::::::072 '''gőȝi''' caper (''Capparis spinosa'')


:::::F. Brassicaceae - '''raafða̋ma'''
:::::F. Brassicaceae - '''raafða̋ma'''
::::::::071 '''kara̋mbi''', cabbage (''Brassica oleracea'').
::::::::073 '''kara̋mbi''', cabbage (''Brassica oleracea'') [PIE *''kramb'', cabbage > ?]
::::::::072 '''ra̋a̋pi''', rape (''Brassica rapa'') [> English <u>rape</u>].
::::::::074 '''ra̋a̋pi''', rape (''Brassica rapa'') [PIE *''rāp-'', turnip > English <u>rape</u>]
::::::::073 '''þűrmi''', turnip (''Brassica rapa'') [> Turkish ''<u>tükür</u>-'', turnip].
::::::::075 '''þűrmi''', turnip (''Brassica rapa'') [PAlt *''t`ùrmV'', ? > Turkish ''<u>tükür</u>-'', turnip]
::::::::074 '''ra̋ngi''', black mustard (''Brassica nigra'').
::::::::076 '''ra̋ngi''', black mustard (''Brassica nigra'')
::::::::075 '''tőrbi''', horseradish (''Armoracia rusticana'').
::::::::077 '''tőrbi''', horseradish (''Armoracia rusticana'')
::::::::076 '''m̃a̋iti''' woad (''Isatis tinctoria'') [> English <u>woad</u>].
::::::::078 '''m̃a̋iti''' woad (''Isatis tinctoria'') [PIE *''wAit-'', woad > English <u>woad</u>]
::::::::077 '''nerm̃a̋ti''', watercress (''Nasturtium officinale'').
::::::::079 '''nerm̃a̋ti''', watercress (''Nasturtium officinale'')
::::::::078 '''sina̋pi''', white mustard (''Sinapis alba'').
::::::::080 '''sina̋pi''', white mustard (''Sinapis alba'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''tiiðse̋e̋li''', pepperwort (''Lepidium campestre'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''tiiðse̋e̋li''', pepperwort (''Lepidium campestre'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''leefpa̋a̋li''' pennycress (''Thlaspi arvense'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''leefpa̋a̋li''' pennycress (''Thlaspi arvense'')


:::O. Caryophyllales - '''siirkőina'''
:::O. Caryophyllales - '''siirkőina'''
:::::F. Amaranthaceae - '''buð̤a̋ma'''
:::::F. Amaranthaceae - '''buð̤a̋ma'''
::::::::079 '''k̨őmgi''', saltwort (''Salsola kalis'').
::::::::081 '''k̨őmgi''', saltwort (''Salsola kalis'')
::::::::080 '''bűdi''', white goosefoot (''Chenopodium album'').
::::::::082 '''bűdi''', [[Wikipedia:Chenopodium alba|white goosefoot]] (''Chenopodium album'') [PUr *''bi̯udi'', pigweed > Japanese ひゆ ''<u>hiy</u>u'', pigweed]
::::::::081 '''baka̋li''', spinach (''Spinacia oleraceae'') [> Tamil ''<u>pacaḷ</u>ai'', spinach].
::::::::083 '''baka̋li''', spinach (''Spinacia oleraceae'') [PDrav *''bacaḷ-'', spinach > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>pacaḷ</u>ai'', spinach]
   
   
:::::F. Caryophyllaceae - '''bánroƣða̋ma'''
:::::F. Caryophyllaceae - '''bánroƣða̋ma'''
::::::::082 '''banrőgi''', soapwort (''Saponaria officinalis'') ['''ba̋na''', wash; '''-rőgi''', ''plant naming suffix''].
::::::::''cpd'' '''banrőgi''', soapwort (''Saponaria officinalis'') ['''ba̋na''', ''t.v.'' wash; '''-rőgi''', ''plant naming suffix'']


:::::F. Chenopodiaceae - '''siirða̋ma'''
:::::F. Chenopodiaceae - '''siirða̋ma'''
::::::::083 '''sı̋ı̋ri''', beet (''Beta vulgaris'') [> Gondi ''*<u>sīr</u>'', root].
::::::::084 '''sı̋ı̋ri''', beet (''Beta vulgaris'') [PDrav *''sīr-'', root > [[Wikipedia:Gondi language|Gondi]] ''<u>sīr</u>'', root]
::::::::''cpd'' '''paisı̋ı̋ri''', white beet  (''Beta vulgaris'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''paisı̋ı̋ri''', white beet  (''Beta vulgaris'') ['''pa̋ȝi''', ''adj.'' white; '''sı̋ı̋ri''', beet]
::::::::''cpd'' '''reuðsı̋ı̋ri''', red beet  (''Beta vulgaris'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''reuðsı̋ı̋ri''', red beet  (''Beta vulgaris'') ['''re̋uði''', ''adj.'' red; '''sı̋ı̋ri''', beet]
::::::::''cpd'' '''šaðsı̋ı̋ri''', sugar beet  (''Beta vulgaris'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''šaaðsı̋ı̋ri''', sugar beet  (''Beta lomatogona'') ['''ša̋a̋di''', ''adj.'' sweet; '''sı̋ı̋ri''', beet]


:::::F. Polygonaceae -  '''holða̋ma'''
:::::F. Polygonaceae -  '''holða̋ma'''
::::::::084 '''hőli''', buckwheat (''Fagopyrum esculentum'').
::::::::085 '''hőli''', buckwheat (''Fagopyrum esculentum'')
::::::::085 '''ƣőli''', red sorrel (''Rumex acetosella'').
::::::::086 '''ƣőli''', red sorrel (''Rumex acetosella'')
::::::::086 '''sűǧi''', common sorrel (''Rumex acetosa'').
::::::::087 '''sűǧi''', common sorrel (''Rumex acetosa'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''reuðse̋lni''', rhubarb (''Rheum rhaponticum'') ['''re̋udi''', ''adj.'' red; '''se̋lni''', celery].
::::::::''cpd'' '''reuðse̋lni''', rhubarb (''Rheum rhaponticum'') ['''re̋udi''', ''adj.'' red; '''se̋lni''', celery]


:::O. Cornales - '''kǫnkőina'''
:::O. Cornales - '''kɔnkőina'''
:::::F. Cornaceae  - '''kǫnða̋ma'''
:::::F. Cornaceae  - '''kɔnða̋ma'''
::::::::087 '''kǫ̋ni''', European cornel (''Cornus mas'') [> English <u>corn</u>el].
::::::::088 '''kɔ̋ni''', European cornel (''Cornus mas'') [PIE *''kŕn-'', cornel > English <u>corn</u>el]
::::::::088 '''ðerge̋ni''', common dogwood (''Cornus sanguinea'') [> German ''<u>dirn</u>baum'', cornus].
::::::::089 '''ðerge̋ni''', common dogwood (''Cornus sanguinea'') [PIE *''dherg(h)en-'', cornel > German ''<u>Dirn</u>dl'', cornel]


:::O. Dipsacales - '''tulkőina'''
:::O. Dipsacales - '''tulkőina'''
:::::F. Adoxaceae - '''tulða̋ma'''
:::::F. Adoxaceae - '''tulða̋ma'''
::::::::089 '''tőři''', black elder (''Sambucus nigra'').
::::::::090 '''tőři''', black elder (''Sambucus nigra'')
::::::::090 '''tűli''', European red elder (''Sambucus racemosa'').
::::::::091 '''tűli''', European red elder (''Sambucus racemosa'')
::::::::091 '''e̋ðli''', dwarf elder (''Sambucus ebulus'') [> Latin ''<u>ebul</u>us'', dwarf elder].
::::::::092 '''e̋ðli''', dwarf elder (''Sambucus ebulus'') [PIE *''edhl-'', k. of tree > Latin ''<u>ebul</u>us'', dwarf elder]  


:::::F. Caprifoliaceae - '''ȝurða̋ma'''
:::::F. Caprifoliaceae - '''ȝurða̋ma'''
::::::::092 '''ȝűri''', honeysuckle (''Lonicera spp.'').
::::::::093 '''ȝűri''', honeysuckle (''Lonicera spp.'')
::::::::093 '''na̋lda''', nard (''Nardostachys jatamansi'') [> Sanskrit ''<u>nálad</u>a'', nard]
::::::::094 '''na̋lda''', nard (''Nardostachys jatamansi'') [> Sanskrit नलद ''<u>nálad</u>a'', nard]


:::::F. Valerianaceae - '''loukédĭvalða̋ma'''
:::::F. Valerianaceae - '''loukédɪvaalða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''lóukedĭva̋li''', corn salad (''Valerianella locusta'') ['''lóuko''', field; '''edĭva̋li''', greens].
::::::::''cpd'' '''lóukada̋ȝi''', corn salad (''Valerianella locusta'') ['''lóuko''', field; '''ada̋ȝo''', greens]


:::O. Cucubitales - '''kixkőina'''
:::O. Cucubitales - '''kixkőina'''
:::::F. Cucubitaceae - '''kixða̋ma'''
:::::F. Cucubitaceae – '''kixða̋ma'''
::::::::094 '''kı̋ki''', cucumber (''Cucumis sativus'').
::::::sF. Cucurbitoideae – '''kíxnerða̋ma'''
::::::::095 '''űiri''', muskmelon ('''Cucumis melo'') [> Korean ''<u>oi</u>'', melon].
:::::::T. Benincaseae - '''kíkufȝőőra'''
::::::::095 '''kı̋ki''', cucumber (''Cucumis sativus'')
::::::::096 '''űiri''', muskmelon (''Cucumis melo'') [PAlt *''ùjrV́'', melon > Korean ''<u>oi</u>'', melon]
::::::::''cpd'' '''reuðűiri''', {{Color|red|watermelon}} (''Citrullus lanatus'') ['''reuði''', red]
::::::::097 '''ṡűri''', bottle gourd (''Lagenaria siceraria'') [PDrav *''cur-'', bottle gourd > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>cur</u>ai'', gourd]


:::O. Ericales - '''ṡuirkőina'''
:::O. Ericales - '''ṡuirkőina'''
:::::F. Ericaceae - '''ṡuirða̋ma'''
:::::F. Ericaceae - '''ṡuirða̋ma'''
::::::::096 '''ṡűiri''', lingonberry (''Vaccinium vitis-ideae'').
::::::::098 '''ṡűiri''', lingonberry (''Vaccinium vitis-ideae'')
::::::::097 '''kite̋m̃i,''' cranberry (''Vaccinium oxycoccus'').
::::::::099 '''kite̋m̃i,''' cranberry (''Vaccinium oxycoccus'')
::::::::098 '''fı̋mi''', bilberry (''Vaccinium myrtillus'') [> Evenki ''<u>him</u>ikte'', red bilberry].
::::::::100 '''fı̋mi''', bilberry (''Vaccinium myrtillus'') [PAlt *''p`ĭ̀mà'', k. of nut or berry > [[Wikipedia:Evenki language|Evenki]] ''<u>him</u>ikte'', red bilberry]
::::::::099 '''m̃őði''', wild rosemary (''Rhododendron tomentosum'') [> Mari, <u>muδ</u>ȇ, blueberry].
::::::::''cpd'' '''m̃esfı̋mi''', blueberry (''Vaccinium'' sect. ''Cyanococcus'')
::::::::100 '''a̋sli''', bear-berry (''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi'') [> Greenlandic ''<u>asi</u>aʁ-'', pick berries].
::::::::101 '''m̃őði''', wild rosemary (''Rhododendron tomentosum'') [Pur ''*moδ́V'', k. of berry > [[Wikipedia:Mari language|Mari]], ''<u>muδ</u>ȇ'', blueberry]
::::::::101 '''urı̋ki''', heath, ling, heather (''Calluna vulgaris'').
::::::::102 '''a̋sli''', bear-berry (''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi'') [PEsk*''acǝlV-'', edible plant > [[Wikipedia:Greenlandic language|Greenlandic]] ''<u>asi</u>aʁ-'', pick berries]
::::::::102 '''a̋rvi''', strawberry tree (''Arbutus unedo'') [> English <u>arb</u>or].
::::::::103 '''urı̋ki''', heath, ling, heather (''Calluna vulgaris'')
::::::::104 '''a̋rvi''', strawberry tree (''Arbutus unedo'') [PIE *''arbh-'', k. of tree > English <u>arb</u>or]


:::::F. Theaceae - '''ṡaiða̋ma'''
:::::F. Theaceae - '''anþɛða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''ṡa̋ȝi''', tea (''Camellia sinensis'').
::::::::105 '''a̋nþi''', tea (''Camellia sinensis'') [PAlt *aŋt`à, k. of fragrant plant >  [[Wikipedia:Evenki language|Evenki]] ''<u>anikt</u>a'', mint]


:::::F. Primulaceae - '''puuða̋ma'''
:::::F. Primulaceae - '''puuða̋ma'''
::::::::103 '''pűűi''', primrose (''Primula vulgaris'') [> Tamil ''<u>pū</u>'', cock’s comb].
::::::::106 '''pűűi''', primrose (''Primula vulgaris'') [PDrav*''pū-'', flower > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>pū</u>'', cock’s comb]


:::O. Fabales - '''ṡíṡerkőina'''
:::O. Fabales - '''ṡíṡerkőina'''
Line 397: Line 484:
::::::sF. Faboideae - '''ṡiṡérnerða̋ma'''
::::::sF. Faboideae - '''ṡiṡérnerða̋ma'''
:::::::T. Cicereae - '''hárlufȝőőra'''
:::::::T. Cicereae - '''hárlufȝőőra'''
::::::::104 '''ha̋rli''', chickpea (''Cicer arietenum'').
::::::::107 '''ha̋rli''', chickpea (''Cicer arietenum'')


:::::::T. Indigofereae - '''avírufȝőőra'''
:::::::T. Fabeae - '''ṡiṡérufȝőőra'''
::::::::105 '''avı̋ri''', indigo (''Indigofera tinctoria'') [> Tamil ''<u>aviri</u>'', indigo plant].
::::::::108 '''ṡiṡe̋ri''', pea (''Pisum sativum'') [PIE ''k'ik'-'', pea > Latin ''<u>cic</u>er''], chickpea
::::::::109 '''dőrm̃i''', vetch (''Vicia sativa'')
::::::::110 '''va̋vi''', broad bean (''Vicia faba'') [PIE *''bhabh-'', bean > English <u>fav</u>a]
::::::::111 '''h̬e̋rmi''', French vetch (''Vicia narbonensis'') [PIE *''g'hwerm-'', ? > ?]
::::::::''cpd'' '''nelbydőrm̃i''', hairy vetch (''Vicia hirsuta'')
::::::::112 '''e̋rɫi''', bitter vetch (''Vicia ervilia'') [PIE *''erǝgʷ(h)-'', k. of legume > Latin ''<u>erv</u>um'', bitter vetch]
::::::::113 '''ƣa̋rsi''', winter tares (''Vicia sativa'') [PIE *''ghArs-'', leguminous plant > German ''<u>Giersch</u>'', goat’s foot]
::::::::114 '''le̋nti''', lentil (''Lens culinaris'') [PIE *''lent-'', lentil > English <u>lent</u>il]


:::::::T. Fabeae - '''ṡiṡérufȝőőra'''
:::::::T. Galegeae - '''šaaðfúlufȝőőra'''
::::::::106 '''cice̋ri''', pea (''Pisum sativum'') [> Latin ''<u>cic</u>er'', chickpea
::::::::''cpd'' '''šaaðfűli''', licorice (''Glycyrrhiza glabra'') ['''šaadi''', ''adj.'' sweet; '''fűli''', root]
::::::::107 '''dőrm̃i''', vetch (''Vicia sativa'').
::::::::108 '''va̋vi''', broad bean (''Vicia faba'') > English ''<u>fav</u>a''].
::::::::109 '''h̬e̋rmi''', French vetch (''Vicia narbonensis'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''nelbŭdőrm̃i''', hairy vetch (''Vicia hirsuta'').
::::::::110 '''e̋rɫi''', bitter vetch (''Vicia ervilia'') [> Latin ''<u>erv</u>um'', bitter vetch].
::::::::111 '''ƣa̋rsi''', winter tares (''Vicia sativa'') [> German ''<u>Giersch</u>'', goat’s foot].
::::::::112 '''eda̋a̋ki''', lentil (''Lens culinaris'').
::::::::113 '''le̋nti''', lentil (''Lens culinaris'') [> English <u>lent</u>il].


:::::::T. Galegeae - '''šaadfúlufȝőőra'''
:::::::T. Genistiae - '''lérdufȝőőra'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''šaadfűli''', licorice (''Glycyrrhiza glabra'') ['''šaadi''', ''adj.'' sweet; '''fűli''', root].
::::::::115 '''le̋rdi''', lupin (''Lupinus albus'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''xulte̋e̋rt̬i''', dyer's broom, dyer's furze (''Genista tinctoria'') ['''xűli''', ''adj.'' yellow; '''te̋e̋rt̬i''', dye]
::::::::''drv''  '''ševba̋ti''', broom (''Spartium junceum'') ['''še̋ba''', ''t.v'' sweep; '''-ba̋ti''', plant suffix]


:::::::T. Genistiae - '''šaadfúlufȝőőra'''
:::::::T. Indigofereae - '''avírufȝőőra'''
::::::::114 '''le̋rdi''', lupin (''Lupinus albus'').
::::::::116 '''avı̋ri''', indigo (''Indigofera tinctoria'') [PDrav*''áviri'', indigo > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>aviri</u>'', indigo plant]
::::::::''cpd'' '''xulte̋e̋rt̬i''', dyer's broom, dyer's furze (''Genista tinctoria'') ['''xűli''', ''adj.'' yellow; '''te̋e̋rt̬i''', dye].


:::::::T. Trifolieae
:::::::T. Trifolieae
::::::::116 '''pa̋a̋ði''', alfalfa (''Medicago sativa'').
::::::::117 '''pa̋a̋ði''', alfalfa (''Medicago sativa'')
::::::::117 '''tembőri''' white clover (''Trifolium repens'').
::::::::118 '''me̋nti''', fenugreek (''Trigonella foenum-graecum'') [PDrav *''ment-'', fenugreek > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>ment</u>iyam'', fenugreek
::::::::118 '''dőbi''', red clover (''Trifolium pratense'') [> Lithuanian ''<u>dṓb</u>ila-s'', clover].
::::::::119 '''tembőri''' white clover (''Trifolium repens'') [PIE *''stembor-'', clover > ?]
::::::::120 '''dőbi''', red clover (''Trifolium pratense'') [PAlt *''dob-'', ? > Lithuanian ''<u>dob</u>ilas'', clover]


:::::F. Viciceae - '''arénkĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Viciceae - '''árenkɛða̋ma'''
::::::::119 '''are̋nki''' grass pea (''Lathyrus sativus'').
::::::::121 '''are̋nki''' grass pea (''Lathyrus sativus'') [PIE *''arnk(')-'', a leguminous plant > Latin ''<u>arinc</u>a'', spelt]


:::O. Fagales - '''aizkőina'''
:::O. Fagales - '''aizkőina'''
:::::F. Fagaceae - '''aizða̋ma'''
:::::F. Fagaceae - '''aizða̋ma'''
::::::::120 '''a̋iżi''', sessile oak (''Quercus petrea'') [> English <u>oak</u>].
::::::::122 '''a̋iżi''', sessile oak (''Quercus petrea'') [PIE *''aiĝ-'', oak > English <u>oak</u>]
::::::::121 '''k̬ere̋si''', Italian oak (''Quercus frainetto'') [> Latin ''<u>cer</u>rus'', Turkey oak].
::::::::123 '''k̬ere̋si''', Italian oak (''Quercus frainetto'') [PIE *''kʷres-'', oak > Latin ''<u>cer</u>rus'', Turkey oak]
::::::::122 '''pe̋rk̬i''', English oak (''Quercus robur'') [> English <u>fir</u>].
::::::::124 '''pe̋rk̬|i''', English oak (''Quercus robur'') [PIE *''perkwu-'', oak > English <u>fir</u>]; '''-őni, ''adj.'' oak, oaken.
::::::::123 '''tőmi''', chestnut-leafed oak (''Quercus castanei-folia'') [> Finnish ''<u>tam</u>mi'', oak].
::::::::125 '''tőmi''', chestnut-leafed oak (''Quercus castanei-folia'') [PUr *toma, oak > Finnish ''<u>tam</u>mi'', oak]
::::::::124 '''kasta̋ni''', chestnut (''Castanea sativa'') [> English <u>chest</u>nut].
::::::::126 '''kasta̋ni''', chestnut (''Castanea sativa'') [PIE *''kastA-no'', chestnut > English <u>chest</u>nut]
::::::::125 '''va̋a̋żi''', European beech (''Fagus sylvatica'') [> English <u>beech</u>].
::::::::127 '''va̋a̋żi''', European beech (''Fagus sylvatica'') [PIE *''bhāĝ-'', beech > English <u>beech</u>]
::::::::126 '''koorva̋ri''', Oriental beech (''Fagus orientalis'').
::::::::128 '''koorva̋ri''', Oriental beech (''Fagus orientalis'') [PIE *''skrōvar'', beech > ?]


:::::F. Betulaceae - '''koim̃ða̋ma'''
:::::F. Betulaceae - '''koim̃ða̋ma'''
::::::::127 '''kősli''', common hazel (''Corylus avellana'') [> English <u>hazel</u>].
::::::::129 '''kősli''', common hazel (''Corylus avellana'') [PIE '''*kosl-''', hazel > English <u>hazel</u>]
::::::::128 '''le̋e̋żi''', Turkish hazelnut (''Corylus colurna'').
::::::::130 '''le̋e̋żi''', Turkish hazelnut (''Corylus colurna'') [PIE *''lēg'-'', hazel >
::::::::129 '''m̃era̋a̋ni''', grey alder ''Alnus incana''.
::::::::131 '''m̃era̋a̋ni''', grey alder ''Alnus incana'' [PIE *''wern-'', alder > ?]
::::::::130 '''kala̋a̋ðri''', common alder (''Alnus glutinosa'').
::::::::132 '''kala̋a̋ðri''', common alder (''Alnus glutinosa'') [PIE ''klādhr-'', alder > Old Greek ''<u>κλᾱθρ</u>ᾱ'', ?]
::::::::131 '''afa̋ki''', Siberian alder (''Alnus viridis'') [> Tatar ''<u>abaɣ</u>a'', k. of fern].
::::::::133 '''afa̋ki''', Siberian alder (''Alnus viridis'') [PAlt *''àp`akV'', k. of foliage tree > Tatar ''<u>abaɣ</u>a'', k. of fern]
::::::::132 '''ka̋rpi''', oriental hornbeam (''Carpinus orientalis'') [> Latin ''<u>carp</u>inus'', hornbeam].
::::::::134 '''ka̋rpi''', oriental hornbeam (''Carpinus orientalis'') [PIE *''(s)karp-'', hornbeam > Latin ''<u>carp</u>inus'', hornbeam]
::::::::133 '''ƣőőrbi''', European hornbeam (''Carpinus betulus'').
::::::::135 '''ƣőőrbi''', European hornbeam (''Carpinus betulus'') [PIE *''<u>grōb</u>-'', hornbeam > ?]
::::::::134 '''űgi''', silver birch (''Betula pendula'') [> Mongolian ''*<u>uj</u>ilsun'', birch bark].
::::::::136 '''űgi''', silver birch (''Betula pendula'') [PAlt *''ugi'', birch bark > Mongolian ''<u>uj</u>ilsun'', birch bark]
::::::::135 '''tiibűlki''' golden birch ''Betula medwediewii'' [> Proto-Tungusic ''*<u>dībe-k</u>te'', black birch].
::::::::137 '''tiibűlki''' golden birch ''Betula medwediewii'' [PAlt *''tī̀búlka'', k. of blossoming bush > [[Wikipedia:Orok language|Orok]] ''<u>duok</u>te'', black birch]
::::::::136 '''kőim̃i''', white birch (''Betula pubescens'') [> Finnish ''<u>koiv</u>u, birch].
::::::::138 '''kőim̃i''', white birch (''Betula pubescens'') [PUr*''kojwa'', birch > Finnish ''<u>koiv</u>u'', birch]


:::::F. Juglandaceae - '''kunŭða̋ma'''
:::::F. Juglandaceae - '''kunyða̋ma'''
::::::::137 '''kűňi''', walnut (''Juglans regia'').
::::::::139 '''kűňi''', walnut (''Juglans regia'') [PIE *''k(')now-'', nut > English <u>nu</u>t]


:::::F. Myricaceae - '''þorða̋ma'''
:::::F. Myricaceae - '''þorða̋ma'''
::::::::138 '''þőri''', candle-berry, bog myrtle, gale (''Myrica gale'') [> Korean ''<u>tar</u>ä, currant].
::::::::140 '''þőri''', candle-berry, bog myrtle, gale (''Myrica gale'') [PAlt *''t`oru'', k. of black berry > Korean ''<u>tar</u>ä'', currant]


:::O. Gentianales - '''ṡ̨ávfulkőina'''
:::O. Gentianales - '''ṡ̨ávfulkőina'''
:::::F. Gentianaceae - '''ṡ̨ávfulða̋ma'''
:::::F. Gentianaceae - '''ṡ̨ávfulða̋ma'''
::::::::139 '''ṡ̨avfűli''', yellow gentian (''Gentiana lutea'') ['''ṡ̨a̋bi''', ''adj.'' bitter;  '''fűli''', root].
::::::::''cpd'' '''ṡ̨avfűli''', yellow gentian (''Gentiana lutea'') ['''ṡ̨a̋bi''', ''adj.'' bitter;  '''fűli''', root]


:::::F. Apocynaceae - '''arkĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Apocynaceae - '''arkɛða̋ma'''
::::::::140 '''a̋rki''', crown flower (''Calotropis gigantea'') [> Sanskrit ''<u>ark</u>á-'' ''Calotropis gigantea''].
::::::::141 '''a̋rki''', crown flower (''Calotropis gigantea'') [PIE *''ark-'', k. of thorny bush > Sanskrit ''<u>ark</u>á-'', ''Calotropis gigantea'']


:::::F. Rubiaceae - '''reuð̤a̋ma'''
:::::F. Rubiaceae - '''reuð̤a̋ma'''
::::::::141 '''re̋uði''', madder (''Rubia tinctorum'').
::::::::''drv'' '''re̋uði''', madder (''Rubia tinctorum'') ['''re̋uði''', ''adj.'' red]


:::O. Lamiales - '''żelkőina'''
:::O. Lamiales - '''żelkőina'''
:::::F. Lamiaceae - '''żelða̋ma'''
:::::F. Lamiaceae - '''żelða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''ǧa̋rkŭti''', marjoram (''Origanum vulgare'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''basmɛże̋li''', marjoram (''Origanum vulgare'') ['''ba̋smo''', spice;  '''że̋li''', spearmint ]
::::::::''cpd'' '''ǧarże̋li''', oregano (''Origanum vulgare hirtum'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''ǧarże̋li''', oregano (''Origanum vulgare hirtum'') ['''ǧa̋ro''', mountain; '''że̋li''', spearmint]
::::::::142 '''dim̃e̋smi''', dittany (''Dictamnus albus'').
::::::::142 '''dim̃e̋smi''', dittany (''Dictamnus albus'') [PAlt *''diwesma'', dittany > ?]
::::::::143 '''że̋li''', spearmint (''Mentha spicata'') [> Uzbek ''<u>jal</u>piz'', mint].
::::::::143 '''że̋li''', spearmint (''Mentha spicata'') [PAlt *''ǯélu'', k. of fragrant grass > Uzbek ''<u>jal</u>piz'', mint]
::::::::''cpd'' '''hurże̋li''', water mint (''Mentha aquatica'') ['''huro''', water; '''że̋li''', mint].
::::::::''cpd'' '''hurże̋li''', water mint (''Mentha aquatica'') ['''huro''', water; '''że̋li''', mint]
::::::::144 '''tula̋si''', basil (''Ocimum basilicum'') [> Tamil ''<u>tuḷac</u>i'', sacred basil].
::::::::144 '''tula̋si''', basil (''Ocimum basilicum'') [PDrav*''tuḷas-'', sacred basil > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>tuḷac</u>i'', sacred basil]
::::::::145 '''isőbi''', hyssop (''Hysoppus officinalis'') [> Greek ''<u>ὕσσωπ</u>ος'', hyssop].
::::::::145 '''isőbi''', hyssop (''Hysoppus officinalis'') [PIE *''iope-'', hyssop > Greek ''<u>ὕσσωπ</u>ος'', hyssop]
::::::::146 '''ha̋di''', lavender (''Lavandula angustifolia'') [> [[Wikipedia:Svan language|Svan]] ''<u>had</u>-ra'', pinkster].
::::::::146 '''ha̋di''', lavender (''Lavandula angustifolia'') [PKart *''(h)ad-'', flower > [[Wikipedia:Svan language|Svan]] ''<u>had</u>-ra'', pinkster]
::::::::''cpd'' '''diigűpi''', rosemary (''Rosmarinus officinalis'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''diigűpi''', rosemary (''Rosmarinus officinalis'')
::::::::''cpd'' '''tefva̋li''', sage (''Salvia officinalis'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''tefva̋a̋li''', sage (''Salvia officinalis'') ['''te̋fi''', ''adj.'', fuzzy; '''va̋a̋li''', leaf]
 
:::::F. Pedaliaceae - '''nuuða̋ma'''
::::::::147 '''nűűi''', sesame (''Sesamum indicum'') [PDrav *''nū-'', sesame > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>nū</u>'', sesame]


:::::F. Oleaceae - '''xivða̋ma'''
:::::F. Oleaceae - '''xivða̋ma'''
::::::::147 '''xı̋bi''', ash (''Fraxinus excelsior'') [> Turkish ''<u>kü</u>rüč'', ash].
::::::::148 '''xı̋bi''', European ash (''Fraxinus excelsior'') [PAlt *''k`íbà'', ash > Turkish ''<u>kü</u>rüč'', ash]
::::::::146 '''őősi''', ash (''Fraxinus excelsior'')  [> English <u>ash</u>].
:
 
:::::F. Scophulariaceae - '''velmɛða̋ma'''
:::::F. Scophulariaceae - '''velmĕða̋ma'''
::::::::149 '''ve̋lmi''', great mullein (''Verbascum thapsus'') [PIE *''velom-'', mullein > ?]
::::::::148 '''ve̋lmi''', great mullein (''Verbascum thapsus'').


:::::F. Verbenaceae - '''m̃erbĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Verbenaceae - '''m̃erbɛða̋ma'''
::::::::149 '''m̃e̋rbi''', common vervain (''Verbena officinalis'') [> English <u>verv</u>ain].
::::::::150 '''m̃e̋rbi''', common vervain (''Verbena officinalis'') [PIE *''werb', k. of bush  > English, <u>verv</u>ain]


:::O. Liliales - '''ṡúṡankőina'''
:::O. Liliales - '''ṡúṡankőina'''
:::::F. Liliaceae - '''ṡúṡanða̋ma'''
:::::F. Liliaceae - '''ṡúṡanða̋ma'''
::::::::150 '''ṡuṡa̋ni''', lily (''Lilium spp.'') [> Arabic ''<u>sawsan</u>''].
::::::::151 '''ṡuṡa̋ni''', lily (''Lilium spp.'') [> Arabic سوسن <u>sawsan</u>]


:::O. Malpigiales - '''ámandĕkőina'''
:::O. Malpigiales - '''ámandɛkőina'''
:::::F. Euphorbiaceae - '''ámandĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Euphorbiaceae - '''ámandɛða̋ma'''
::::::::151 '''ama̋ndi''' castor oil plant (''Ricinis communis'').
::::::::152 '''ama̋ndi''' castor oil plant (''Ricinis communis'')


:::::F. Linaceae - '''ámandĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Linaceae - '''linða̋ma'''
::::::::152 '''lı̋ni''', flax (''Linum perenne'') [> English <u>lin</u>en].
::::::::153 '''lı̋ni''', flax (''Linum perenne'') [PIE *''lin-'', linen > English <u>lin</u>en]


:::::F. Salicaceae - '''salkĕða̋ma'''
:::::F. Salicaceae - '''salkɛða̋ma'''
::::::::153 '''sa̋lki''', Peking willow (''Salix babylonica'') [> English <u>sallow</u>].
::::::::154 '''m̃elı̋ṡi''', osier (''Salix viminalis'') [PIE *''welVk(')-'', willow > Old Greek ''<u>ἑλίκ</u>α̈'', willow]
::::::::154 '''m̃elı̋ṡi''', osier (''Salix viminalis'').
::::::::155 '''sa̋lki''', white willow (''Salix alba'') [PIE *''salǝk(')'', willow > English <u>sall</u>ow]
::::::::155 '''z̨axha̋zdi''', white willow (''Salix alba'').
::::::::156 '''m̃e̋iti''', eared willow (''Salix aurita'') [PIE *''weyǝt-'', willow > German ''<u>Weid</u>e'', willow]
::::::::156 '''m̃e̋iti''', eared willow (''Salix aurita'') [> German <u>Weid</u>e, willow].
::::::::157 '''m̃e̋izgi''', swamp willow (''Salix myrtilloides'') [PIE ? > English dial. <u>wish</u>, marsh]
::::::::157 '''m̃e̋izgi''', swamp willow (''Salix myrtilloides'') [> English dial. <u>wish</u>, marsh].
::::::::158 '''że̋sni''', grey willow (''Salix cinerea'') [PKart ? > Georgian ''<u>ʒec̣n</u>-a'', ?]
::::::::158 '''że̋sni''', grey willow (''Salix cinerea'') [> Georgian ''<u>ʒec̣n</u>-a''].
::::::::159 '''ma̋lki''', goat willow (''Salix caprea'') [PUr *''malkV'', k. of willow > Hungarian ''<u>mal</u>át'', bushy place]
::::::::159 '''ma̋lki''', goat willow (''Salix caprea'') [> Hungarian ''<u>mal</u>át'', bushy place].
::::::::160 '''elı̋si''', white poplar, abele (''Populus alba'') [PIE *''elisā'', white poplar > ?]
::::::::160 '''elı̋si''', white poplar, abele (''Populus alba'').
::::::::161 '''apűsi''', gray poplar (''Populus canescens'') [PIE *''osp-'', aspen > English <u>asp</u>en]
::::::::161 '''apűsi''', gray poplar (''Populus canescens'') [> English <u>asp</u>en].
::::::::162 '''hősti''', black poplar (''Populus nigra'')
::::::::162 '''hősti''', black poplar (''Populus nigra'').
::::::::163 '''m̃ı̋þi''', quaking aspen (''Populus tremula'')
::::::::163 '''m̃ı̋þi''', quaking aspen (''Populus tremula'').


:::::F. Violaceae - '''s̨umða̋ma'''
:::::F. Violaceae - '''s̨umða̋ma'''
::::::::164 '''s̨űmi''', sweet violet (''Viola odorata'').
::::::::164 '''s̨űmi''', sweet violet (''Viola odorata'')
::::::::165 '''m̃ı̋ȝi''', heartsease (''Viola tricolor'') [> English <u>vi</u>olet].
::::::::165 '''m̃ı̋ȝi''', heartsease (''Viola tricolor'') [PIE *''wiy-'', violet > English <u>vi</u>olet]


:::O. Malvales - '''tilkőina'''
:::O. Malvales - '''tilkőina'''
:::::F. Malvaceae - '''tilða̋ma'''
:::::F. Malvaceae - '''tilða̋ma'''
::::::::166 '''eba̋ki''', hollyhock (''Alcea rosea'') [> Japanese ''<u>aoi</u>'', hollyhock].
::::::::166 '''eba̋ki''', hollyhock (''Alcea rosea'') [PAlt *''éba-ku'', hollyhock > Japanese あおい  ''<u>aoi</u>'', hollyhock]
::::::::167 '''tı̋li''', linden (''Tilia cordata'') [> Latin ''<u>til</u>ia'', linden].
::::::::167 '''tı̋li''', linden (''Tilia cordata'') [PIE *''til-'', k. of leaf-bearing tree > Latin ''<u>til</u>ia'', linden]
::::::::168 '''ṡ̬a̋mi''',  linden (''Tilia dasystyla'') [> Mongolian ''<u>dom</u>'', linden].
::::::::168 '''ṡ̬a̋mi''',  linden (''Tilia dasystyla'') [PAlt *''čamu'', k. of tree > Mongolian ''<u>dom</u>'', linden]
::::::::169 '''ma̋lǧi''', common mallow (''Malva sylvestris'') [> English  <u>mallow</u>].
::::::::169 '''ma̋lǧi''', common mallow (''Malva sylvestris'') [PIE ? > English  <u>mallow</u>]
::::::::170 '''pa̋rti''', cotton (''Gossypium spp.'') [> Tamil ''<u>parutt</u>i'', cotton].
::::::::170 '''pa̋r|ti''', cotton (''Gossypium spp.'') [PDrav *''part-'', cotton > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>parutt</u>i'', cotton] -t̨őni, adj. (made of) cotton.
::::::::171 '''kaka̋m̃i''' (''Theobroma cacao'') [Classical Nahuatl ''cacahua''], cacao.


:::O. Nymphaeales - '''laaxkőina'''
:::O. Nymphaeales - '''laaxkőina'''
:::::F. Nymphaeaceae - '''laaxða̋ma'''
:::::F. Nymphaeaceae - '''laaxða̋ma'''
::::::::171 '''la̋a̋ki''', white water lily (''Nymphaea alba'').
::::::::172 '''la̋a̋ki''', white water lily (''Nymphaea alba'')
::::::::173 '''a̋li''', yellow water lly (''Nuphar lutea'') [PDrav *''áli'', water lily > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>alli</u>'', water lily]


:::O. Papaverales - '''maaxkőina'''
:::O. Papaverales - '''maaxkőina'''
:::::F. Papaveraceae - '''maaxða̋ma'''
:::::F. Papaveraceae - '''maaxða̋ma'''
::::::::172 '''ma̋a̋ki''', poppy (''Papaver rhoeas'') [> English <u>mec</u>onium].
::::::::174 '''ma̋a̋ki''', poppy (''Papaver rhoeas'') [PIE ''māk-'', poppy > English <u>mec</u>onium]


:::O. Ranunculales - '''kémerkőina'''
:::O. Ranunculales - '''kémerkőina'''
:::::F. Rununculaceae - '''kémerða̋ma'''
:::::F. Rununculaceae - '''kémerða̋ma'''
::::::::173 '''keme̋ri''', hellebore (''Helleborus spp.'') [> Old Greek ''<u>kάμαρ</u>ος'', larkspur].
::::::::175 '''keme̋ri''', hellebore (''Helleborus spp.'') [PIE *''kemer-'', hellebore > Old Greek ''<u>kάμαρ</u>ος'', larkspur]
::::::::''cpd'' '''m̃eezı̋di''', anemone (''Anemone nemorosa'') ['''m̃e̋e̋e''', wind; '''zı̋du''', daughter].
::::::::''cpd'' '''m̃eezı̋di''', anemone (''Anemone nemorosa'') ['''m̃e̋e̋e''', wind; '''zı̋du''', daughter]
::::::::174 '''labűżi''', clematis (''Clematis vitalba'') [> Sanskrit ''<u>líbuj</u>ā'', liana].
::::::::176 '''labűżi''', clematis (''Clematis vitalba'') [PIE *''labug'-'', k. of creeper > Sanskrit ''<u>líbuj</u>ā'', liana]
 
::::::sF. Thalictroideae - '''ṡɔ́rnerða̋ma'''
::::::::177 '''ṡɔ̋ri''', columbine (''Aquilegia vulgaris'') [PAlt *''ćOrV'', flower > [[Wikipedia:Sámi languages|Sámi]] ''<u>čur</u>uk'', cloudberry]


::::::sF. Thalictroideae - '''ṡǫ́rnerða̋ma'''
:::O. Myrtales
::::::::175 '''ṡǫ̋ri''', columbine (''Aquilegia vulgaris'') [> Saami ''<u>čur</u>uk'', cloudberry].
:::::F. Myrtaceae
::::::::''cpd'' '''naaðma̋żi''', myrtle tree (''Myrtis communis'') ['''na̋a̋di''', fragrant; '''ma̋żo''', oil]


:::O. Rosales - '''m̃ǫðkőina'''
:::O. Rosales - '''m̃ɔðkőina'''
:::::F. Cannabaceae - '''kánafða̋ma'''
:::::F. Cannabaceae - '''kánafða̋ma'''
::::::::176 '''kana̋pi''', hemp (''Cannibis sativa'') [> English <u>hemp</u>].
::::::::178 '''kana̋pi''', hemp (''Cannabis sativa'') [PIE *''kanap-'', hemp > English <u>hemp</u>]
::::::::177 '''ḳőmi''' hop (''Humulus lupulus'') [> Tatar ''<u>qolm</u>aq'', hop].
::::::::179 '''k̨őmi''' hop (''Humulus lupulus'') [PAlt *''k`i̯omo'', fragrant & edible plant > Tatar ''<u>qolm</u>aq'', hop]


:::::F. Moraceae - '''k̨ufða̋ma'''
:::::F. Moraceae - '''k̨ufða̋ma'''
::::::::178 '''k̨űpi''', black mulberry (''Morus nigra'').
::::::::180 '''k̨űpi''', black mulberry (''Morus nigra'')


:::::F. Rosaceae - '''m̃ǫð̤a̋ma'''
:::::F. Rosaceae - '''m̃ɔð̤a̋ma'''
::::::::179 '''abe̋li''', European wild apple (''Malus sylvestris'') [> English <u>appl</u>e].
::::::::181 '''abe̋li''', European wild apple (''Malus sylvestris'') [PIE *''abel-'', apple > English <u>appl</u>e]
::::::::180 '''aƣe̋rdi''', almond-leafed (''Pyrus amygdaliformis'').
::::::::182 '''aƣe̋rdi''', almond-leafed pear (''Pyrus amygdaliformis'')
::::::::181 '''k̨orte̋mi''', pear (''Pyrus communis'') [> Turkish ''<u>germ</u>ešik'', dogwood ].
::::::::183 '''k̨orte̋mi''', pear (''Pyrus communis'') [PAlt *''ki̯òrtème'' > Turkish ''<u>germ</u>ešik'', dogwood ]
::::::::182 '''berƣe̋ni''', service berry (''Amelanchier confusa'') [> Georgian ''<u>berq̇en</u>a'', pear].
::::::::184 '''berƣe̋ni''', service berry (''Amelanchier confusa'') [PKart *''berq̇en-'', wild pear > Georgian ბერყენა ''<u>berq̇en</u>a'', pear]
::::::::183 '''b̨őli''', spiraea, meadow-sweet (''Filipendula ulmaria'') [> [[Wikipedia:Tungusic language|Tungusic]] ''*<u>bol</u>oka'', spiraea].
::::::::185 '''b̨őli''', spiraea, meadow-sweet (''Filipendula ulmaria'') [PAlt ''bi̯ŏla'', spiraea > [[Wikipedia:Tungusic language|Tungusic]] ''<u>bol</u>oka'', spiraea]
::::::::184 '''maga̋uri''', strawberry (''Fragaria viridis'') [> High Navarese ''<u>magaur</u>i'', strawberry].
::::::::186 '''maga̋uri''', strawberry (''Fragaria viridis'') [PBas *''magauri'', strawberry > [[Wikipedia:Upper Navarrese dialect|High Navarrese]] ''<u>magaur</u>i'', strawberry]
::::::::185 '''ṡerműsi''', sweet cherry (''Prunus avium '') [> English <u>cher</u>ry].
::::::::187 '''ṡerműsi''', sweet cherry (''Prunus avium'') [PIE *k/k'ermus-, bird-cherry tree > English <u>cher</u>ry]
::::::::186 '''ṡőőfi''', sloe, blackthorn (''Prunus spinosa'') [> Turkish ''<u>sam</u>an'', thorn].
::::::::188 '''s̨őőfi''', sloe, blackthorn (''Prunus spinosa'') [PAlt *''si̯ṓp`ì'', ? > Turkish ''<u>sam</u>an'', thorn]
::::::::187 '''sorǫ̋ni''', sour cherry (''Prunus cerasus'').
::::::::189 '''sorɔ̋ni''', sour cherry (''Prunus cerasus'')
::::::::188 '''ðőőmi''', bird cherry (''Prunus padus'') [> Estonian ''<u>toom</u>'', bird cherry].
::::::::190 '''ðőőmi''', bird cherry (''Prunus padus'') [PUr *''δ́ōme'', bird cherry > Estonian ''<u>toom</u>'', bird cherry]
::::::::189 '''lı̋ı̋m̃i''', cherry plum (''Prunus cerasifera'') [> English <u>liv</u>id].
::::::::191 '''lı̋ı̋m̃i''', cherry plum (''Prunus cerasifera'') [PIE *''(s)līwo'', bluish > English <u>liv</u>id]
::::::::190 '''ome̋ni''', apricot (''Prunus armeniaca'') [> Finnish ''<u>omen</u>a'', apple].
::::::::192 '''ome̋ni''', apricot (''Prunus armeniaca'') [PUr *''omena'', apple > Finnish ''<u>omen</u>a'', apple]
::::::::191 '''arha̋ni''', plum (''Prunus domestica'') [> Guipuzcoan ''<u>aran</u>'', plum].
::::::::193 '''arha̋ni''', plum (''Prunus domestica'') [PBas *''arhan'', plum > [[Wikipedia:Gipuzkoan dialect|Gipuzkoan]] ''<u>aran</u>'', plum]
::::::::192 '''te̋fi''', peach (''Prunus persica'').
::::::::194 '''te̋fi''', peach (''Prunus persica'')
::::::::193 '''me̋ri''', cloudberry (''Rubus chamae-morus'') [>  Korean ''<u>mǝr</u>u'', grape].
::::::::195 '''me̋ri''', cloudberry (''Rubus chamae-morus'') [PAlt *''méra'', k. of berry >  Korean ''<u>mǝr</u>u'', grape]
::::::::194 '''putı̋mki''', raspberry (''Rubus idaeus'').
::::::::196 '''putı̋mki''', raspberry (''Rubus idaeus'')
::::::::195 '''mőőni''', quince (''Cydonia oblonga'').
::::::::197 '''mőőni''', quince (''Cydonia oblonga'')
::::::::196 '''mőri''', blackberry (''Rubus fructicosus'') [> English <u>mul</u>berry].
::::::::198 '''mőri''', blackberry (''Rubus fructicosus'') [PIE *''mor-'', blackberry > English <u>mul</u>berry]
::::::::197 '''m̃ǫ̋di''', sweetbrier rose (''Rosa rubiginosa'') [> English ''<u>ros</u>e].
::::::::199 '''m̃ɔ̋di''', sweetbrier rose (''Rosa rubiginosa'') [PIE *''word-'', sweetbrier > English <u>ros</u>e]
::::::::198 '''őősni''', European rowan (''Sorbus aucuparia'').
::::::::200 '''őősni''', European rowan (''Sorbus aucuparia'') [PIE *''ōsen-'', rowan > ?]
::::::::199 ''e̋iim̃i'', common whitebeam (''Sorbus aria'') [> English <u>uv</u>ula].
::::::::201 '''e̋iim̃i''', common whitebeam (''Sorbus aria'') [PIE ? > English <u>uv</u>ula]
::::::::200 '''őim̃i''', service tree (''Sorbus torminalis'').
::::::::202 '''őim̃i''', service tree (''Sorbus torminalis'')
::::::::201 '''sőrvi''', sorb (''Sorbus domestica'') [> English <u>sorb</u>].
::::::::203 '''sőrvi''', sorb (''Sorbus domestica'') [PIE *''sorbh-'', service tree > English <u>sorb</u>]
::::::::202 '''se̋nri''', medlar (''Mespilus germanica'').
::::::::204 '''se̋nri''', medlar (''Mespilus germanica'')
::::::::203 '''x̌aȝa̋ti''', hawthorn (''Crataegus monogyna'') [> Gaelic ''<u>sgìth</u>each'', hawthorn].
::::::::205 '''x̌aȝa̋ti''', hawthorn (''Crataegus monogyna'') [PIE *''skwAy-t-'', ? > Gaelic ''<u>sgìtheach</u>each'', hawthorn]
::::::::204 '''arőmi''', septfoil (''Potentilla erecta'').
::::::::206 '''arőmi''', septfoil (''Potentilla erecta'') [PIE ''arom-'', septfoil > ?]
::::::::''cpd'' '''kiþnı̋hi''', goatsbeard (''Aruncus dioicus'').
::::::::''cpd'' '''ƣáiðbisa̋ri,''' goatsbeard (''Aruncus dioicus'') ['''ƣa̋ide''', ibex; '''bisa̋ro''', beard]


:::::F. Ulmaceae - '''toofða̋ma'''
:::::F. Ulmaceae - '''toofða̋ma'''
::::::::205 '''tőőpi''', common elm (''Ulmus procera'') [> English <u>pop</u>lar].
::::::::207 '''tőőpi''', common elm (''Ulmus procera'') [PIE *''tōp-'', k. of tree > English <u>pop</u>lar]
::::::::206 '''re̋usi''', wych elm (''Ulmus glabra'') [> German ''<u>Rüs</u>ter'', elm].
::::::::208 '''re̋usi''', wych elm (''Ulmus glabra'') [PIE *''reus-'', elm > German ''<u>Rüs</u>ter'', elm]
::::::::207 '''va̋ugi''', white elm (''Ulmus laevis'') [> German ''<u>beuch</u>en'', steep in lye].
::::::::209 '''va̋uƣi''', white elm (''Ulmus laevis'') [PIE *''bhAug'-'', k. of leaf-bearing tree > German ''<u>beuch</u>en'', steep in lye]
::::::::208 '''guva̋ni''', Caucasian elm (''Zelkova carpinifolia'').
::::::::210 '''guva̋ni''', Caucasian elm (''Zelkova carpinifolia'').


:::::F. Berberidaceae - '''ááƣgaþða̋ma'''
:::::F. Berberidaceae - '''féxgaþða̋ma'''
::::::::''cpd'' '''aaƣga̋þi''', common barberry (''Berberis vulgaris'') ['''a̋a̋go''', acid; '''ga̋þo''', berry].
::::::::''cpd'' '''fexga̋þi''', common barberry (''Berberis vulgaris'') ['''fe̋xo''', acid; '''ga̋þo''', berry]
::::::::209 '''futa̋bi''', alder buckthorn (''Frangula alnus'').
::::::::211 '''futa̋bi''', alder buckthorn (''Frangula alnus'').
::::::::210 '''m̃e̋iski''', mistletoe (''Vicum album'') [> English <u>visc</u>ous].
::::::::212 '''m̃e̋iski''', mistletoe (''Vicum album'') [PIE *''weiks-'', mistletoe > English <u>visc</u>ous]


:::O. Sapindales - '''áṡankőina'''
:::O. Sapindales - '''áṡankőina'''
:::::F. Sapindaceae - '''áṡanða̋ma'''
:::::F. Sapindaceae - '''áṡanða̋ma'''
::::::::211 '''aṡa̋ni''', Norway maple (''Acer platanoides'').
::::::::213 '''aṡa̋ni''', Norway maple (''Acer platanoides'')
::::::::212 '''aṡǫ̋ni''', sycamore maple (''Acer pseudoplatanus'') [> German ''<u>Ahorn</u>'', sycamore].
::::::::214 '''aṡɔ̋ni''', sycamore maple (''Acer pseudoplatanus'').
::::::::213 '''ke̋lni''', field maple (''Acer campestre'') [> English <u>linn</u>].
::::::::215 '''ke̋lni''', field maple (''Acer campestre'') [PIE *''klen-'', maple > English <u>linn</u>]
::::::::214 '''ake̋ri''', tatar maple (''Acer tataricum'') [> German ''<u>Ahor</u>n'', maple].
::::::::216 '''ake̋ri''', tatar maple (''Acer tataricum'') [PIE *''aker-'', maple > German ''<u>Ahor</u>n'', maple]
::::::::215 '''þűþi''', horse chestnut (''Aesculus hippocastanum'') [> Korean ''<u>tòth</u>órí'', horse chestnut].
::::::::217 '''þűþi''', horse chestnut (''Aesculus hippocastanum'') [PAlt *''t`ut`V̀'', horse chestnut > Korean 도토리 ''<u>tòth</u>órí'', acorn]


:::O. Saxifragales - '''ṡ̨orkőina'''
:::O. Saxifragales - '''ṡ̨orkőina'''
:::::F. Grossulariaceae - '''ṡ̨orða̋ma'''
:::::F. Grossulariaceae - '''ṡ̨orða̋ma'''
::::::::216 '''ma̋rȝi''', gooseberry (''Ribes uva-crispa'') [> Finnish ''<u>marj</u>a'', berry].
::::::::218 '''ma̋rȝi''', gooseberry (''Ribes uva-crispa'') [PUr *''marja'', berry > Finnish ''<u>marj</u>a'', berry]
::::::::217 '''ȝotı̋ki''', black currant (''Ribes nigrum'') [> Manchu ''<u>ukux</u>u'', currant].
::::::::219 '''ȝotı̋ki''', black currant (''Ribes nigrum'') [PAlt *''i̯ṑt`íkV'', ? > Manchu ''<u>ukux</u>u'', currant]
::::::::218 '''ṡ̨őri''', red currant (''Ribes rubrum'') [> Tatar ''<u>qar</u>lɨɣan'', currant].
::::::::220 '''ṡ̨őri''', red currant (''Ribes rubrum'') [PAlt *''k`i̯óŕa'', ?  > Tatar ''<u>qar</u>lɨɣan'', currant]
:::::F. Altingiaceae - '''ða̋ma'''
::::::::221 '''l̨a̋bi''', sweet gum (''Liquidambar orientalis'') [PAlt ''*li̯ù/abu'', resin > [[Wikipedia:Evenki language|Evenki]] ''<u>l</u>ū'', resin]


:::O. Solanales - '''haðkőina'''
:::::F. Solanaceae - '''hað̤a̋ma'''
::::::::219 '''ha̋di''', bitter-sweet nightshade (''Solanum dulcamara'').
::::::::220 '''sa̋xri''', henbane (''Hyoscyamus niger'').
::::::::221 '''ð̬e̋sti''' thorn apple (''Datura stramonium'') [> Latin ''<u>fest</u>ūca'', stalk].


::: O. Urticales - '''naþkőina'''
:::O. Solanales - '''goðkőina'''
:::::F. Solanaceae - '''goð̤a̋ma'''
::::::::222 '''gőði''', bitter-sweet nightshade (''Solanum dulcamara'').
::::::::223 '''sa̋xri''', henbane (''Hyoscyamus niger'')
::::::::224 '''ð̬e̋sti''' thorn apple (''Datura stramonium'') [PIE *''dhwest-'', k. of plant > Latin ''<u>fest</u>ūca'', stalk]
 
:::O. Urticales - '''naþkőina'''
:::::F. Urticaceae - '''naþða̋ma'''
:::::F. Urticaceae - '''naþða̋ma'''
::::::::222 '''na̋ti''', nettle (''Urtica urens'') [> English <u>net</u>tle].
::::::::225 '''na̋ti''', nettle (''Urtica urens'') [PIE *''nat-'', nettle > English <u>net</u>tle]
 
:::O. Vitales - '''meskőina'''
:::::F. Vitaceae - '''ṡ̨orða̋ma'''
::::::::226 '''me̋si''', grape (''Vitis vinifera'') [PAlt *''mésV'', grape  > Manchu ''<u>muč</u>u'', grape]


:::O. Vitales - '''ṡ̨orkőina'''
:::O. Proteales - '''ɔ́moskőina'''
::::::::F. Vitaceae - '''ṡ̨orða̋ma'''
:::::F. Platanaceae - '''ɔ́mosða̋ma'''
::::::::223 '''me̋si''', grape (''Vitis vinifera'') [> Manchu ''<u>muč</u>u'', grape].
::::::::227 '''ɔmősi''', oriental plane (''Platanus orientalis'').


:::O. Proteales - '''ǫ́moskőina'''
:::::F. Nelumbonaceae - '''táámarkőina'''
::::::::F. Platanaceae - '''ǫ́mosða̋ma'''
::::::::228 '''taama̋ri''', lotus (''Nelumbo nucifera'') [PDrav *''tāmar-'', lotus > [[Wikipedia: Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>tāmar</u>ai'', lotus]
::::::::224 '''ǫmősi''', oriental plane (''Platanus orientalis'').

Revision as of 17:07, 6 December 2024

Pronunciation table

पेमु॓को
peműko
(labial)
 रीसु॓कॊ
riisűko
(dental) 		मुइतु॓को
muitűko
(alveolar) 		भइनु॓को
vainűko
(palatal) 		च्युस्वे॓नोस्
ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प) 		नि॓थो च्युस्वे॓नोस्
nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
 b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ɔ o u ɪ ɛ y
प
 ब फ भ म़ म त द थ ध ल़ ल च ज स स़ र न क ग क़ ग़ ह य स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी 		ए एै
ए पै 		अ आ
प पा 		ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ 		ओ औ
पो पौ 		उ ऊ
पु पू 		पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Introduction

  1. In the Sefdaanian cultures, each individual is a member of a hierarchy of communities. The Ethrans have used this hierarchy as a pattern for their classification of life forms.
  2. The individual is, first of all, a member of one of the six Loquent Peoples. The largest of the taxonomic communities is that of the le̋uða [le̋uðu, people] Thus, there are animal people and plant people. This division corresponds to kingdom in modern taxonomy.
  3. Next, the individual lives in one of the seven regions (watersheds) of Sefdaania. This division, the ta̋im̃a [ta̋im̃a, region], corresponds to class in modern taxonomy.
  4. Within the several regions, the individual lives in a commune. This division, the kőina [kőino, commune, corresponds to order in modern taxonomy.
  5. Each commune is comprised of a number of families. This division, the ða̋ma [ða̋mu, family], corresponds to family in modern taxonomy.
  6. Within the family, the individual is usually one of several siblings. This division, the ȝőőra [ȝőőru, sibling], corresponds to genus in modern taxonomy.
  7. And finally there is the individual himself. This division, the še̋ða [še̋ðu, individual], corresponds to species in modern taxonomy.
  • Finer divisions can be made with the use of prefixes, e.g.:
    • uf-, higher = super-
    • ner-, under = sub-
    • sup-, low = infra-
  • This table makes use of the following ranks:

Division (D) - ufta̋im̃a Class (C) - ta̋im̃a

Subclass (sC) - nerta̋im̃a
Superorder (SO) - ufkőina
Order (O) - kőina
Superfamily (SF) - ufða̋ma
Family (F) - ða̋ma
Subfamily (sF) - nerða̋ma
Tribe (T) - ufȝőőra


Notes

  1. cpd = a compound of two or more roots, e.g., hűro, (water) + műűsi, (moss) = hurműűsi, water moss.
  2. Names in red are those of plants that did not exist in Sefdaania.
  3. The numbers indicate the number of lemmata, not the number of species.


Taxonomic Table

D. Bryophyta - muusle̋uða [PIE *mūs, moss > English moss]

C. Bryopsida

O. Hypnales
F. Fontinalaceae
cpd hurműűsi, water moss (Fontinalis antipyretica) [huro, water; műűsi, moss]
F. Hylocomiaceae
cpd niƣműűsi, glittering wood-moss (Hylocomium splendens) [niqa, i.v. glitter; műűsi, moss]

Sphagnopsida

O. Sphagnales
F. Sphagnaceae
cpd s̨ufműűsi, sphagnum spp. [s̨űfa, t.v. absorb; műűsi, moss]

D. Pteridophyta – ǧimrɛle̋uða

C. Equisetopsida – ṡ̨ooxta̋im̃a

O. Equisetales - ṡ̨ooxkőina
F. Equisetaceae - ṡ̨ooxða̋ma
001 ṡ̨őőki, horsetail (Equisetum hyemale)

C. Polydodiopsida

O. Polydodiales
F. Onocleaceae - partɛða̋ma
002 pa̋rti, shuttlecock fern (Mateuccia struthopteri) [PIE *parǝt-, fern > English fern]

C. Pteridopsida

O. Dennstaedtiales
F. Dennstaedtiaceae - ráipartɛða̋ma
cpd raipa̋rti, bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) [ra̋ȝo, hill]

D. Gnetophyta

C. Gnetopsida

O. Ephedrales
F. Ephedraceae - nixrɛða̋ma
003 nı̋xri, sea grape (Ephedra distachya)

D. Lycopodiophyta - dúðmuusle̋uða

C. Lycopodiopsida - dúðmuusta̋im̃a

O. Lycopodiales - dúðmuuskőina
F. Lycopodiaceae – dúðmuusða̋ma
cpd duðműűsi, clubmoss (Lycopodium clavatum) [dűdo, club; műűsi, moss]

D. Pinophyta – ṡ̨axle̋uða [PAlt *č`ā̀ki, k. of coniferous tree > Turkish čekirdek, kernel]

C. Pinopsida - ðanta̋im̃a

O. Pinales - ðankőina
F. Pinaceae - ðanða̋ma
004 ɫa̋ṡi, Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) [PAlt *l/ĺáčà, larch > Evenki ńahamna, young larch]
005 ṡa̋a̋xti, larch (Larix decidua) [PAlt *čā́kte, pine > Manchu ǯaqdan, pine tree]
006 ða̋ni, silver fir (Abies alba) [PIE *dhanu, fir > German Tanne, fir]
007 n̨a̋ni, Caucasian fir (Abies nordmanniana) [PAlt *ŋi̯ā̀ŋe, fir > Japanese もみ mómi, fir]
008 m̨a̋li, Siberian fir (Abies sibirica) [PAlt *mi̯alu, k. of evergreen > Manchu molori, cypress]
009 ele̋nti, Norway spruce (Picea abies) [PIE *elntā, ? > Armenian eɫevin, ?]
010 e̋rzi, deodar (Cedrus deodara)
011 a̋nþi, cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) [PAlt *aŋt`à, fragrant plant > Turkish andɨz, bush]
012 pe̋uṡi, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) [PIE *peuk' , spruce > German Fichte, spruce]
013 s̨űli, Swiss pine (Pinus cembra) [PAlt *si̯ulu, pine tree > Korean 솔 sór, pine tree]
014 ṡe̋sni, Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica) [PIE *k̂esn-, pine > German Kien, pine wood]
cpd šaaðþőbe, Serbian spruce (Picea omorika) [ša̋a̋di, adj. sweet]
F. Cupresseaceae - ȝoinða̋ma
015 ȝőini, common (Juniperus communis) [PIE *yoin-, juniper > English juniper]
016 ele̋nti, Savin juniper (Juniperus sabina) [PIE *elent-, a tree with soft or flexible wood > English lithe]
F. Taxaceae - iim̃ða̋ma
017 ı̋ı̋m̃i, yew (Taxus baccata) [PIE *i/īw- ? > English yew]

D. Magnoliophyta - nanle̋uða

C. Liliopsida - þúnvaalta̋im̃a [þűn, one; va̋a̋lo, leaf]

O. Alismatales - méþnankőina
F. Araceae - algɛða̋ma
sF. Lemnoideae - algúfnerða̋ma
018 a̋lgi, duckweed (Lemna minor) [PIE *alg-, duckweed > English algae]
sF. Aroideae - gigárnerða̋ma
019 giga̋ri, Italian arum (Arum italicum) [> Etruscan gigaro, Arum italicum]
F. Alismataceae - morkɛða̋ma
020 mőrki, arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia) [PIE *mork-, edible herbs > German Möhre, carrot]
O. Poales – airkőina
F. Poaceae - airða̋ma
021 a̋iri, rye grass (Lolium perenne) [PIE airā, darnel > Old Greek αιρα, darnel]
022 xa̋ri, darnel (Lolium temulentum) [PAlt *k`àrò(mV) cockle > Korean karaǯi Lolium temulentum]
023 aarı̋gi, finger millet (Eleusine coracana) [PDrav*ārig-, millet > Kannada ārike, Indian millet]
024 pe̋lvi, spelt (Triticum spelta) [PIE *(s)pelbh-, spelt > English, pulse]
025 te̋rni, einkorn (Triticum monococcum)
026 are̋nki, emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum) [PIE arenko, Triticum dicoccum > ?]
027 pűűri, wheat [PIE *pūr-, wheat > English furze]
028 va̋rsi, barley (Hordeum vulgare) [PIE *vares, barley > English barley]
029 here̋zði, barley [PIE *g'herzd-, barley > German Gerste, barley]
030 a̋lvi, barley [PIE *alvi ? > Albanian elb, barley]
031 a̋rfi, Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) [PAlt *àrp`á, millet > Turkish arpa, barley]
032 ṅűrgi, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
033 őlm̃i Maiden grass (Micanthus sinensis) [PIE *olewā, Phragmites communis > ?]
034 rűgi, rye (Secale cereale) [PIE *rug-i, rye > English rye]
035 rűli, reed grass (Phragmites australis).
036 am̃ı̋żi, oats (Avena sativa) [PIE *awig' > Latin avēna, oats]
037 ṡ̨a̋gi, giant reed (Arundo donax) [PAlt *č`(a)ge, reed > Korean 종이 jongi, paper]
038 me̋lxi, tussock grass (Deschampsia caespitosa) [PIE *smelk'-, k. of herbaceous plant > German Schmiele, hair grass]
039 de̋xi, canary grass (Phalaris arundanacea) [PAlt *dék`à, k. of reed > Japanese たけ táke, bamboo]
cpd naada̋ibi, sweet grass (Hierochloe odorata) [na̋a̋da, t.v. perfume; a̋ibi, grass]
F. Cyperaceae - iinða̋ma
040 ı̋ı̋ni, acute sedge (Carex acuta)
041 fe̋lṡi, tufted sedge (Carex elata)
cpd b̨ulba̋ti, bog cotton (Eriophorum angustifolium) [b̨űlo, wick; -ba̋ti, suffix used in naming plants]
F. Juncaceae - xulgɛða̋ma
042 xűlgi, hard rush (Juncus inflexus) [PAlt *k`ul(g)o, rush > Korean골풀 gol-pul, rush]
F.Typhaceae - kurð̤a̋ma
043 kűrði, cattail, reedmace (Typha latifolia)
O. Zingiberales - veerkőina
F. Zingiberaceae - veerða̋ma
044 ve̋e̋ri, wild ginger (Asarum europaeum) [PDrav ? > Old Tamil vēr, ginger]
045 ma̋nżi, turmeric (Curcuma longa) [PDrav *manǯ-, turmeric > Tamil mañcaḷ, turmeric]

C. Magnoliopsida - nanta̋im̃a [na̋na, flower]

O. Apiales - minkőina
F. Apiaceae - minða̋ma
046 mı̋ni, parsley (Petholinum crispum) [PAlt *mińa, k. of grass > Korean minarí, parsley]
047 ṡ̬e̋nði, angelica (Angelica sylvestris) [PIE *k'wenǝdh-, plant with hollow stem > Latin combrētum, aromatic plant]
048 maðűrki fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
049 me̋aaṡi, carrot (Daucus carota sativa)
050 nı̋pi, parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)
cpd nuuv̨a̋li, chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium)
051 se̋lni, celery (Apium graveolens dulce)
052 aȝamőti, caraway (Carum carvi) [> Tocharian B ajamot, parsley or caraway]
cpd t̨áátode̋gi, lovage (Levisticum officinale)
cpd šaaðsűvi, cicely (Myrrhis odorata)
O. Aquifoliales - xeðkőina
F. Aquifoliaceae - xeð̤a̋ma
053 xe̋di, ivy (Hedera helix) [PIE *khVd-, ivy > Latin hedera, ivy]
054 e̋vi, Russian ivy (Hedera pastuchovii) [PIE *ibh-, ivy > English ivy]
F. Arialaceae - íílokyða̋ma
055 iilők̬i, European holly (Ilex aquifolium) [PIE *īlokʷ-, thorny plant > English ilex]
O. Asparagales - sizkőina
F. Iridaceae - sizða̋ma
056 sı̋zi, crocus (Crocus cartwrightianus) [PDrav *siẓ-, saffron > Kui sṛīnga, turmeric]
cpd sááðnanva̋a̋li, iris (Iris spp.) [sa̋a̋ð, six; na̋no, flower; va̋a̋lo, leaf]
F. Amaryllidaceae - k̨úðlaxða̋ma
sF. Amaryllidoideae
cpd k̨uðla̋ki, daffodil (Pancratium maritimum)
cpd naaðma̋zmi daffodil (Narcissus poeticus)
F. Asparagaceae - ásfargɛða̋ma
sF. Asparagoideae - asfárgɛnerða̋ma
057 asfa̋rgi, asparagus (Asparagus spp.) [> Greek ἀσφάρᾰγος, asparagus]
sF. Nolinoideae - zarkɛna̋n̈erða̋ma
cpd zarkɛna̋ni lily of the valley (Convallaria majali) [za̋ro, bell; -k-, diminutive suffix; na̋no, flower]
F. Alliaceae - ɠangɛða̋ma
058 ɠa̋ngi, field garlic (Allium oleraceum)
059 leena̋a̋li, chives (Allium schoenoprasum)
060 kőrmi, onion (Allium cepa) [PIE *krom-, onion > English ramsons]
061 me̋nri, ramsons (Allium ursinum) [PAlt ménrV, onion > Mongolian*maŋgir, wild onion]
062 pɔ̋si, leek (Allium porrum) [PIE *prs-, leek > Latin porrum, leek]
F. Orchidaceae - áṡentɛða̋ma
063 aṡe̋nti, yellow lady’s slipper (Cypripedium calceolus) [PIE *aǩnto-, lady’s slipper [> ?]
cpd lasṡe̋nti, spotted lady’s slipper (Cypripedium guttatum) [la̋ṡi, adj. spotted; aṡe̋nti, yellow lady’s slipper]
cpd méżaṡe̋nti, large-flowered lady’s slipper (Cypripedium macranthos) [me̋żi, adj. large; aṡe̋nti, yellow lady’s slipper]
F. Xanthorrhoeaceae - húrvaalða̋ma
sF. Asphodeloideae - hurváálnerða̋ma
cpd hurva̋a̋li, aloe spp. (Aloe spp.) [hűro, water; va̋a̋lo, leaf]
O. Asterales - nunkőina
F. Asteraceae - nunða̋ma
cpd xulte̋e̋ri, golden rod (Solidago virgaurea) [xuli, adj. yellow; te̋e̋ro, color]
064 dı̋hi, lesser burdock (Arctium minus)
065 la̋pi, greater burdock (Arctium lappa) [PIE *lap, burdock > Latin lappa, burr]
066 kı̋lþi, corn marigold (Chrysanthemum segetum)
067 la̋a̋xi, dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz) [PAlt *l/ĺā̀k`a, plant with an edible root > Japanese ねぎ négi, leek]
068 ƥőki, grand wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)
069 ża̋fi, sea wormwood (Artemisia maritima) [PAlt *ǯap`V, wormwood > Korean 향쑥 hyang ssuk, wormwood]
070 a̋mɫi, coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) [PEsk*ămɫu-, coltsfoot > Inupik muli(k), coltsfoot]
071 n̨a̋si, musk thistle (Carduus nutans).
cpd xulkı̋ṡi, tansy (Tanacetum vulgare).
cpd losba̋li, wall lettuce (Lactuca muralis).
cpd melkɛn̨a̋si, woolly thistle (Cirsium eriophorum).
cpd fɪhaiɫn̨a̋si, stemless carline thistle (Carlina acaulis).
cpd suulnőőli, common daisy (Bellis perennis).


F. Campanulaceae - m̃ííṡűxða̋ma
cpd m̃iiṡűki, rampion (Campanula rapanculus)
F. Menyanthaceae - kaaxlɛða̋ma
cpd ka̋a̋xli, water fringe (Nymphoides peltata)
O. Brassicales - raafkőina
F. Capparaceae - goiða̋ma
072 gőȝi caper (Capparis spinosa)
F. Brassicaceae - raafða̋ma
073 kara̋mbi, cabbage (Brassica oleracea) [PIE *kramb, cabbage > ?]
074 ra̋a̋pi, rape (Brassica rapa) [PIE *rāp-, turnip > English rape]
075 þűrmi, turnip (Brassica rapa) [PAlt *t`ùrmV, ? > Turkish tükür-, turnip]
076 ra̋ngi, black mustard (Brassica nigra)
077 tőrbi, horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
078 m̃a̋iti woad (Isatis tinctoria) [PIE *wAit-, woad > English woad]
079 nerm̃a̋ti, watercress (Nasturtium officinale)
080 sina̋pi, white mustard (Sinapis alba)
cpd tiiðse̋e̋li, pepperwort (Lepidium campestre)
cpd leefpa̋a̋li pennycress (Thlaspi arvense)
O. Caryophyllales - siirkőina
F. Amaranthaceae - buð̤a̋ma
081 k̨őmgi, saltwort (Salsola kalis)
082 bűdi, white goosefoot (Chenopodium album) [PUr *bi̯udi, pigweed > Japanese ひゆ hiyu, pigweed]
083 baka̋li, spinach (Spinacia oleraceae) [PDrav *bacaḷ-, spinach > Tamil pacaḷai, spinach]
F. Caryophyllaceae - bánroƣða̋ma
cpd banrőgi, soapwort (Saponaria officinalis) [ba̋na, t.v. wash; -rőgi, plant naming suffix]
F. Chenopodiaceae - siirða̋ma
084 sı̋ı̋ri, beet (Beta vulgaris) [PDrav *sīr-, root > Gondi sīr, root]
cpd paisı̋ı̋ri, white beet (Beta vulgaris) [pa̋ȝi, adj. white; sı̋ı̋ri, beet]
cpd reuðsı̋ı̋ri, red beet (Beta vulgaris) [re̋uði, adj. red; sı̋ı̋ri, beet]
cpd šaaðsı̋ı̋ri, sugar beet (Beta lomatogona) [ša̋a̋di, adj. sweet; sı̋ı̋ri, beet]
F. Polygonaceae - holða̋ma
085 hőli, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
086 ƣőli, red sorrel (Rumex acetosella)
087 sűǧi, common sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
cpd reuðse̋lni, rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum) [re̋udi, adj. red; se̋lni, celery]
O. Cornales - kɔnkőina
F. Cornaceae - kɔnða̋ma
088 kɔ̋ni, European cornel (Cornus mas) [PIE *kŕn-, cornel > English cornel]
089 ðerge̋ni, common dogwood (Cornus sanguinea) [PIE *dherg(h)en-, cornel > German Dirndl, cornel]
O. Dipsacales - tulkőina
F. Adoxaceae - tulða̋ma
090 tőři, black elder (Sambucus nigra)
091 tűli, European red elder (Sambucus racemosa)
092 e̋ðli, dwarf elder (Sambucus ebulus) [PIE *edhl-, k. of tree > Latin ebulus, dwarf elder]
F. Caprifoliaceae - ȝurða̋ma
093 ȝűri, honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.)
094 na̋lda, nard (Nardostachys jatamansi) [> Sanskrit नलद nálada, nard]
F. Valerianaceae - loukédɪvaalða̋ma
cpd lóukada̋ȝi, corn salad (Valerianella locusta) [lóuko, field; ada̋ȝo, greens]
O. Cucubitales - kixkőina
F. Cucubitaceae – kixða̋ma
sF. Cucurbitoideae – kíxnerða̋ma
T. Benincaseae - kíkufȝőőra
095 kı̋ki, cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
096 űiri, muskmelon (Cucumis melo) [PAlt *ùjrV́, melon > Korean oi, melon]
cpd reuðűiri, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) [reuði, red]
097 ṡűri, bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) [PDrav *cur-, bottle gourd > Tamil curai, gourd]
O. Ericales - ṡuirkőina
F. Ericaceae - ṡuirða̋ma
098 ṡűiri, lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-ideae)
099 kite̋m̃i, cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus)
100 fı̋mi, bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) [PAlt *p`ĭ̀mà, k. of nut or berry > Evenki himikte, red bilberry]
cpd m̃esfı̋mi, blueberry (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus)
101 m̃őði, wild rosemary (Rhododendron tomentosum) [Pur *moδ́V, k. of berry > Mari, muδȇ, blueberry]
102 a̋sli, bear-berry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) [PEsk*acǝlV-, edible plant > Greenlandic asiaʁ-, pick berries]
103 urı̋ki, heath, ling, heather (Calluna vulgaris)
104 a̋rvi, strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo) [PIE *arbh-, k. of tree > English arbor]
F. Theaceae - anþɛða̋ma
105 a̋nþi, tea (Camellia sinensis) [PAlt *aŋt`à, k. of fragrant plant > Evenki anikta, mint]
F. Primulaceae - puuða̋ma
106 pűűi, primrose (Primula vulgaris) [PDrav*pū-, flower > Tamil pū, cock’s comb]
O. Fabales - ṡíṡerkőina
F. Fabaceae - ṡíṡerða̋ma
sF. Faboideae - ṡiṡérnerða̋ma
T. Cicereae - hárlufȝőőra
107 ha̋rli, chickpea (Cicer arietenum)
T. Fabeae - ṡiṡérufȝőőra
108 ṡiṡe̋ri, pea (Pisum sativum) [PIE k'ik'-, pea > Latin cicer], chickpea
109 dőrm̃i, vetch (Vicia sativa)
110 va̋vi, broad bean (Vicia faba) [PIE *bhabh-, bean > English fava]
111 h̬e̋rmi, French vetch (Vicia narbonensis) [PIE *g'hwerm-, ? > ?]
cpd nelbydőrm̃i, hairy vetch (Vicia hirsuta)
112 e̋rɫi, bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) [PIE *erǝgʷ(h)-, k. of legume > Latin ervum, bitter vetch]
113 ƣa̋rsi, winter tares (Vicia sativa) [PIE *ghArs-, leguminous plant > German Giersch, goat’s foot]
114 le̋nti, lentil (Lens culinaris) [PIE *lent-, lentil > English lentil]
T. Galegeae - šaaðfúlufȝőőra
cpd šaaðfűli, licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) [šaadi, adj. sweet; fűli, root]
T. Genistiae - lérdufȝőőra
115 le̋rdi, lupin (Lupinus albus)
cpd xulte̋e̋rt̬i, dyer's broom, dyer's furze (Genista tinctoria) [xűli, adj. yellow; te̋e̋rt̬i, dye]
drv ševba̋ti, broom (Spartium junceum) [še̋ba, t.v sweep; -ba̋ti, plant suffix]
T. Indigofereae - avírufȝőőra
116 avı̋ri, indigo (Indigofera tinctoria) [PDrav*áviri, indigo > Tamil aviri, indigo plant]
T. Trifolieae
117 pa̋a̋ði, alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
118 me̋nti, fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) [PDrav *ment-, fenugreek > Tamil mentiyam, fenugreek
119 tembőri white clover (Trifolium repens) [PIE *stembor-, clover > ?]
120 dőbi, red clover (Trifolium pratense) [PAlt *dob-, ? > Lithuanian dobilas, clover]
F. Viciceae - árenkɛða̋ma
121 are̋nki grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) [PIE *arnk(')-, a leguminous plant > Latin arinca, spelt]
O. Fagales - aizkőina
F. Fagaceae - aizða̋ma
122 a̋iżi, sessile oak (Quercus petrea) [PIE *aiĝ-, oak > English oak]
123 k̬ere̋si, Italian oak (Quercus frainetto) [PIE *kʷres-, oak > Latin cerrus, Turkey oak]
124 pe̋rk̬|i, English oak (Quercus robur) [PIE *perkwu-, oak > English fir]; -őni, adj. oak, oaken.
125 tőmi, chestnut-leafed oak (Quercus castanei-folia) [PUr *toma, oak > Finnish tammi, oak]
126 kasta̋ni, chestnut (Castanea sativa) [PIE *kastA-no, chestnut > English chestnut]
127 va̋a̋żi, European beech (Fagus sylvatica) [PIE *bhāĝ-, beech > English beech]
128 koorva̋ri, Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis) [PIE *skrōvar, beech > ?]
F. Betulaceae - koim̃ða̋ma
129 kősli, common hazel (Corylus avellana) [PIE *kosl-, hazel > English hazel]
130 le̋e̋żi, Turkish hazelnut (Corylus colurna) [PIE *lēg'-, hazel >
131 m̃era̋a̋ni, grey alder Alnus incana [PIE *wern-, alder > ?]
132 kala̋a̋ðri, common alder (Alnus glutinosa) [PIE klādhr-, alder > Old Greek κλᾱθρᾱ, ?]
133 afa̋ki, Siberian alder (Alnus viridis) [PAlt *àp`akV, k. of foliage tree > Tatar abaɣa, k. of fern]
134 ka̋rpi, oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis) [PIE *(s)karp-, hornbeam > Latin carpinus, hornbeam]
135 ƣőőrbi, European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) [PIE *grōb-, hornbeam > ?]
136 űgi, silver birch (Betula pendula) [PAlt *ugi, birch bark > Mongolian ujilsun, birch bark]
137 tiibűlki golden birch Betula medwediewii [PAlt *tī̀búlka, k. of blossoming bush > Orok duokte, black birch]
138 kőim̃i, white birch (Betula pubescens) [PUr*kojwa, birch > Finnish koivu, birch]
F. Juglandaceae - kunyða̋ma
139 kűňi, walnut (Juglans regia) [PIE *k(')now-, nut > English nut]
F. Myricaceae - þorða̋ma
140 þőri, candle-berry, bog myrtle, gale (Myrica gale) [PAlt *t`oru, k. of black berry > Korean tarä, currant]
O. Gentianales - ṡ̨ávfulkőina
F. Gentianaceae - ṡ̨ávfulða̋ma
cpd ṡ̨avfűli, yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea) [ṡ̨a̋bi, adj. bitter; fűli, root]
F. Apocynaceae - arkɛða̋ma
141 a̋rki, crown flower (Calotropis gigantea) [PIE *ark-, k. of thorny bush > Sanskrit arká-, Calotropis gigantea]
F. Rubiaceae - reuð̤a̋ma
drv re̋uði, madder (Rubia tinctorum) [re̋uði, adj. red]
O. Lamiales - żelkőina
F. Lamiaceae - żelða̋ma
cpd basmɛże̋li, marjoram (Origanum vulgare) [ba̋smo, spice; że̋li, spearmint ]
cpd ǧarże̋li, oregano (Origanum vulgare hirtum) [ǧa̋ro, mountain; że̋li, spearmint]
142 dim̃e̋smi, dittany (Dictamnus albus) [PAlt *diwesma, dittany > ?]
143 że̋li, spearmint (Mentha spicata) [PAlt *ǯélu, k. of fragrant grass > Uzbek jalpiz, mint]
cpd hurże̋li, water mint (Mentha aquatica) [huro, water; że̋li, mint]
144 tula̋si, basil (Ocimum basilicum) [PDrav*tuḷas-, sacred basil > Tamil tuḷaci, sacred basil]
145 isőbi, hyssop (Hysoppus officinalis) [PIE *iope-, hyssop > Greek ὕσσωπος, hyssop]
146 ha̋di, lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) [PKart *(h)ad-, flower > Svan had-ra, pinkster]
cpd diigűpi, rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)
cpd tefva̋a̋li, sage (Salvia officinalis) [te̋fi, adj., fuzzy; va̋a̋li, leaf]
F. Pedaliaceae - nuuða̋ma
147 nűűi, sesame (Sesamum indicum) [PDrav *nū-, sesame > Tamil nū, sesame]
F. Oleaceae - xivða̋ma
148 xı̋bi, European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) [PAlt *k`íbà, ash > Turkish kürüč, ash]
F. Scophulariaceae - velmɛða̋ma
149 ve̋lmi, great mullein (Verbascum thapsus) [PIE *velom-, mullein > ?]
F. Verbenaceae - m̃erbɛða̋ma
150 m̃e̋rbi, common vervain (Verbena officinalis) [PIE *werb', k. of bush > English, vervain]
O. Liliales - ṡúṡankőina
F. Liliaceae - ṡúṡanða̋ma
151 ṡuṡa̋ni, lily (Lilium spp.) [> Arabic سوسن sawsan]
O. Malpigiales - ámandɛkőina
F. Euphorbiaceae - ámandɛða̋ma
152 ama̋ndi castor oil plant (Ricinis communis)
F. Linaceae - linða̋ma
153 lı̋ni, flax (Linum perenne) [PIE *lin-, linen > English linen]
F. Salicaceae - salkɛða̋ma
154 m̃elı̋ṡi, osier (Salix viminalis) [PIE *welVk(')-, willow > Old Greek ἑλίκα̈, willow]
155 sa̋lki, white willow (Salix alba) [PIE *salǝk('), willow > English sallow]
156 m̃e̋iti, eared willow (Salix aurita) [PIE *weyǝt-, willow > German Weide, willow]
157 m̃e̋izgi, swamp willow (Salix myrtilloides) [PIE ? > English dial. wish, marsh]
158 że̋sni, grey willow (Salix cinerea) [PKart ? > Georgian ʒec̣n-a, ?]
159 ma̋lki, goat willow (Salix caprea) [PUr *malkV, k. of willow > Hungarian malát, bushy place]
160 elı̋si, white poplar, abele (Populus alba) [PIE *elisā, white poplar > ?]
161 apűsi, gray poplar (Populus canescens) [PIE *osp-, aspen > English aspen]
162 hősti, black poplar (Populus nigra)
163 m̃ı̋þi, quaking aspen (Populus tremula)
F. Violaceae - s̨umða̋ma
164 s̨űmi, sweet violet (Viola odorata)
165 m̃ı̋ȝi, heartsease (Viola tricolor) [PIE *wiy-, violet > English violet]
O. Malvales - tilkőina
F. Malvaceae - tilða̋ma
166 eba̋ki, hollyhock (Alcea rosea) [PAlt *éba-ku, hollyhock > Japanese あおい aoi, hollyhock]
167 tı̋li, linden (Tilia cordata) [PIE *til-, k. of leaf-bearing tree > Latin tilia, linden]
168 ṡ̬a̋mi, linden (Tilia dasystyla) [PAlt *čamu, k. of tree > Mongolian dom, linden]
169 ma̋lǧi, common mallow (Malva sylvestris) [PIE ? > English mallow]
170 pa̋r|ti, cotton (Gossypium spp.) [PDrav *part-, cotton > Tamil parutti, cotton] -t̨őni, adj. (made of) cotton.
171 kaka̋m̃i (Theobroma cacao) [Classical Nahuatl cacahua], cacao.
O. Nymphaeales - laaxkőina
F. Nymphaeaceae - laaxða̋ma
172 la̋a̋ki, white water lily (Nymphaea alba)
173 a̋li, yellow water lly (Nuphar lutea) [PDrav *áli, water lily > Tamil alli, water lily]
O. Papaverales - maaxkőina
F. Papaveraceae - maaxða̋ma
174 ma̋a̋ki, poppy (Papaver rhoeas) [PIE māk-, poppy > English meconium]
O. Ranunculales - kémerkőina
F. Rununculaceae - kémerða̋ma
175 keme̋ri, hellebore (Helleborus spp.) [PIE *kemer-, hellebore > Old Greek kάμαρος, larkspur]
cpd m̃eezı̋di, anemone (Anemone nemorosa) [m̃e̋e̋e, wind; zı̋du, daughter]
176 labűżi, clematis (Clematis vitalba) [PIE *labug'-, k. of creeper > Sanskrit líbujā, liana]
sF. Thalictroideae - ṡɔ́rnerða̋ma
177 ṡɔ̋ri, columbine (Aquilegia vulgaris) [PAlt *ćOrV, flower > Sámi čuruk, cloudberry]
O. Myrtales
F. Myrtaceae
cpd naaðma̋żi, myrtle tree (Myrtis communis) [na̋a̋di, fragrant; ma̋żo, oil]
O. Rosales - m̃ɔðkőina
F. Cannabaceae - kánafða̋ma
178 kana̋pi, hemp (Cannabis sativa) [PIE *kanap-, hemp > English hemp]
179 k̨őmi hop (Humulus lupulus) [PAlt *k`i̯omo, fragrant & edible plant > Tatar qolmaq, hop]
F. Moraceae - k̨ufða̋ma
180 k̨űpi, black mulberry (Morus nigra)
F. Rosaceae - m̃ɔð̤a̋ma
181 abe̋li, European wild apple (Malus sylvestris) [PIE *abel-, apple > English apple]
182 aƣe̋rdi, almond-leafed pear (Pyrus amygdaliformis)
183 k̨orte̋mi, pear (Pyrus communis) [PAlt *ki̯òrtème > Turkish germešik, dogwood ]
184 berƣe̋ni, service berry (Amelanchier confusa) [PKart *berq̇en-, wild pear > Georgian ბერყენა berq̇ena, pear]
185 b̨őli, spiraea, meadow-sweet (Filipendula ulmaria) [PAlt bi̯ŏla, spiraea > Tungusic boloka, spiraea]
186 maga̋uri, strawberry (Fragaria viridis) [PBas *magauri, strawberry > High Navarrese magauri, strawberry]
187 ṡerműsi, sweet cherry (Prunus avium) [PIE *k/k'ermus-, bird-cherry tree > English cherry]
188 s̨őőfi, sloe, blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) [PAlt *si̯ṓp`ì, ? > Turkish saman, thorn]
189 sorɔ̋ni, sour cherry (Prunus cerasus)
190 ðőőmi, bird cherry (Prunus padus) [PUr *δ́ōme, bird cherry > Estonian toom, bird cherry]
191 lı̋ı̋m̃i, cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera) [PIE *(s)līwo, bluish > English livid]
192 ome̋ni, apricot (Prunus armeniaca) [PUr *omena, apple > Finnish omena, apple]
193 arha̋ni, plum (Prunus domestica) [PBas *arhan, plum > Gipuzkoan aran, plum]
194 te̋fi, peach (Prunus persica)
195 me̋ri, cloudberry (Rubus chamae-morus) [PAlt *méra, k. of berry > Korean mǝru, grape]
196 putı̋mki, raspberry (Rubus idaeus)
197 mőőni, quince (Cydonia oblonga)
198 mőri, blackberry (Rubus fructicosus) [PIE *mor-, blackberry > English mulberry]
199 m̃ɔ̋di, sweetbrier rose (Rosa rubiginosa) [PIE *word-, sweetbrier > English rose]
200 őősni, European rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) [PIE *ōsen-, rowan > ?]
201 e̋iim̃i, common whitebeam (Sorbus aria) [PIE ? > English uvula]
202 őim̃i, service tree (Sorbus torminalis)
203 sőrvi, sorb (Sorbus domestica) [PIE *sorbh-, service tree > English sorb]
204 se̋nri, medlar (Mespilus germanica)
205 x̌aȝa̋ti, hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) [PIE *skwAy-t-, ? > Gaelic sgìtheacheach, hawthorn]
206 arőmi, septfoil (Potentilla erecta) [PIE arom-, septfoil > ?]
cpd ƣáiðbisa̋ri, goatsbeard (Aruncus dioicus) [ƣa̋ide, ibex; bisa̋ro, beard]
F. Ulmaceae - toofða̋ma
207 tőőpi, common elm (Ulmus procera) [PIE *tōp-, k. of tree > English poplar]
208 re̋usi, wych elm (Ulmus glabra) [PIE *reus-, elm > German Rüster, elm]
209 va̋uƣi, white elm (Ulmus laevis) [PIE *bhAug'-, k. of leaf-bearing tree > German beuchen, steep in lye]
210 guva̋ni, Caucasian elm (Zelkova carpinifolia).
F. Berberidaceae - féxgaþða̋ma
cpd fexga̋þi, common barberry (Berberis vulgaris) [fe̋xo, acid; ga̋þo, berry]
211 futa̋bi, alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus).
212 m̃e̋iski, mistletoe (Vicum album) [PIE *weiks-, mistletoe > English viscous]
O. Sapindales - áṡankőina
F. Sapindaceae - áṡanða̋ma
213 aṡa̋ni, Norway maple (Acer platanoides)
214 aṡɔ̋ni, sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus).
215 ke̋lni, field maple (Acer campestre) [PIE *klen-, maple > English linn]
216 ake̋ri, tatar maple (Acer tataricum) [PIE *aker-, maple > German Ahorn, maple]
217 þűþi, horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) [PAlt *t`ut`V̀, horse chestnut > Korean 도토리 tòthórí, acorn]
O. Saxifragales - ṡ̨orkőina
F. Grossulariaceae - ṡ̨orða̋ma
218 ma̋rȝi, gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa) [PUr *marja, berry > Finnish marja, berry]
219 ȝotı̋ki, black currant (Ribes nigrum) [PAlt *i̯ṑt`íkV, ? > Manchu ukuxu, currant]
220 ṡ̨őri, red currant (Ribes rubrum) [PAlt *k`i̯óŕa, ? > Tatar qarlɨɣan, currant]
F. Altingiaceae - ða̋ma
221 l̨a̋bi, sweet gum (Liquidambar orientalis) [PAlt *li̯ù/abu, resin > Evenki lū, resin]


O. Solanales - goðkőina
F. Solanaceae - goð̤a̋ma
222 gőði, bitter-sweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara).
223 sa̋xri, henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)
224 ð̬e̋sti thorn apple (Datura stramonium) [PIE *dhwest-, k. of plant > Latin festūca, stalk]
O. Urticales - naþkőina
F. Urticaceae - naþða̋ma
225 na̋ti, nettle (Urtica urens) [PIE *nat-, nettle > English nettle]
O. Vitales - meskőina
F. Vitaceae - ṡ̨orða̋ma
226 me̋si, grape (Vitis vinifera) [PAlt *mésV, grape > Manchu muču, grape]
O. Proteales - ɔ́moskőina
F. Platanaceae - ɔ́mosða̋ma
227 ɔmősi, oriental plane (Platanus orientalis).
F. Nelumbonaceae - táámarkőina
228 taama̋ri, lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) [PDrav *tāmar-, lotus > Tamil tāmarai, lotus]
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