Senjecas - Arabic: Difference between revisions

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==Pronunciation table==
==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1000px;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1150px;"
! colspan="6" | <center>peműko<br>(labial)</center>
! colspan="6" | <center>'''peműko'''<br>(labial)</center>
|
|
|
|
! colspan="6" | riisűko<br>(dental)
! colspan="6" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental)
|
|
|
|
! colspan="6" | muitűko<br>(alveolar)
! colspan="6" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar)
|
|
|
|
! colspan="6-" | vainűko<br>(palatal)
! colspan="6-" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal)
|
|
|
|
Line 18: Line 18:
|
|
|
|
! colspan="6" | ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(vowels)
! colspan="6" | '''ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(vowels with प)
|
|
|
|
! colspan="3" | nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(weak vowels)
! colspan="3" | '''nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(weak vowels)
|-
|-
!<center>p</center>
! <center>p</center>
!b
! b
!f
! f
!v
! v
!m̃
! m̃
!m
! m
|
|
|
|
!t
! t
!d
! d
!þ
! þ
!ð
! ð
!ɫ
! ɫ
!l
! l
|
|
|
|
!ṡ
! ṡ
!ż
! ż
!s
! s
!z
! z
!r
! r
!n
! n
|
|
|
|
!k
! k
!g
! g
!x
! x
![[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
!h
! h
![[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
!š
! š
!s̨
! s̨
|
|
|
|
!i
! i  
!e
! e
!a
! a
![[Wikipedia:Open O|ɔ]]
! [[Wikipedia:O|ɔ]]
!o
! o
!u
! u
|
|
|
|
!ĭ
! ı
!ĕ
! ɛ
!ŭ
! y
|-
|-
|/p/
! <center>प</center>
|/b/
! ब
|/ɸ/
! फ
|/β/
! भ
|/m̥/
! म़
|/m/
! म
|
|
! त
! द
! थ
! ध
! ल़
! ल
|
|
! च
! ज
! स
! स़
! र
! न
|
|
! क
! ग
! क़
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ग़]]
! ह
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|य]]
|
|
! स्व
! स्य
|
|
! इ ई<br>पि पी
! ए एै<br>पे पै
! अ आ<br>प पा
! ऒ ॵ<br>पॊ पॏ
! ओ औ<br>पो पौ
! उ ऊ<br>पु पू
|
|
! पं
! पऺ
! पॅ
|-
| /p/
| /b/
| /ɸ/
| /β/
| /m̥/
| /m/
!
!
!
!
|/t/
| /t/
|/d/
| /d/
|/θ/
| /θ/
|/ð/
| /ð/
|/l̥/
| /l̥/
|/l/
| /l/
!
!
!
!
|/ʦ/
| /ʦ/
|/ʣ/
| /ʣ/
|/s/
| /s/
|/z/
| /z/
|/ɾ̥/
| /ɾ̥/
|/n/
| /n/
!
!
!
!
|/k/
| /k/
|/g/
| /g/
|/ç/
| /ç/
|/ʝ/
| /ʝ/
|/j̊/
| /j̊/
|/j/
| /j/
!
!
!
!
|/sʷ/
| /sʷ/
|/sʲ/
| /sʲ/
!
!
!
!
|/i/
| /i/
|/e/
| /e/
|/ä/
| /ä/
|/ɒ/
| /ɒ/
|/o/
| /o/
|/u/
| /u/
!
!
!
!
|/ɪ/
| /ɪ/
|/ɛ/
| /ɛ/
|/ʊ/
| /ʊ/
|}
|}


<center>'''ara̋bi''' (Arabic) - ارٙبࣷ </center>


==Consonants==
==Consonants==
Line 127: Line 173:
!  
!  
!
!
! colspan="2" | '''peműko'''<br>(labial)
! Labial
|
! Dental
! colspan="2" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental)
! Alveolar
|
! Palatal
! colspan="2" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar)
|
! colspan="2" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal)
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Stops
! rowspan="2" | Stops
! voiceless
! voiceless
| p
| ٮ /p/ <sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
| '''ٮ''' <sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
| ط /t/
!
| ز /ʦ/ <sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
| t
| ک /k/ <sup>{{Color|red|8}}</sup>
| '''ط''' <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
!
| ṡ
| '''ڗ''' <sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup>
!
| k
| '''ک''' <sup>{{Color|red|10}}</sup>
|-
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| b
| ب /b/ <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| '''ب'''
| ﻅ /d/
!
| ڗ /ʣ/
| d
| ݢ /g/ <sup>{{Color|red|9}}</sup>
| '''د''' <sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
!
| ż
| '''ز''' <sup>{{Color|red|8}}</sup>
!
| g
| '''ݢ''' <sup>{{Color|red|11}}</sup>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Fricatives
! rowspan="2" | Fricatives
! voiceless
! voiceless
| f
| ڡ /ɸ/ <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
| '''ڡ''' <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| د /θ/
!
| ص /s/ <sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup>
| þ
| ع /ç/
| '''ظ''' <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
|-
!
| s
| '''ص''' <sup>{{Color|red|9}}</sup>
!
| x
| '''خ''' <sup>{{Color|red|12}}</sup>
|-  
! voiced
! voiced
| v
| ڢ /β/ <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
| '''ڢ''' <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
| ذ /ð/ <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
!
| ض /z/
| ð
| غ /ɣ/ <sup>{{Color|red|10}}</sup>
| '''ذ''' <sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>  
!
| z
| '''ض''' <sup>{{Color|red|9}}</sup>
!
| ƣ
| '''ع''' <sup>{{Color|red|13}}</sup>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Sonorants
! rowspan="2" | Sonorants
! voiceless
! voiceless
| m̃
| م /m̥/
| '''ݥ''' <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
| ل /l̥/
!
| ر /ɾ̥/
| ɫ
| ح /h/ <sup>{{Color|red|11}}</sup>
| '''ڶ'''
!
| r
| '''ر'''
!
| h
| '''ح''' <sup>{{Color|red|12}}</sup>
|-
! voiced
| m
| '''م'''
!
| l
| '''ل'''
!
| n
| '''ن'''
!
| ȝ
| '''ي'''
|-
|
|
!
!
|-
! Labialization
!
| sʷ
| '''صٯ'''
|-
|-
! Palatalization
! voiced
!
| ݥ /m/
| sʲ
| ڶ /l/
| '''صى'''
| ن  /n/
| ی /j/
|}
|}


===Notes===
===Notes===
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}} </sup> Dotless [[Wikipedia:Bet (letter)#Arabic bāʾ|
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> Dotless [[Wikipedia:Bet (letter)#Arabic bāʾ|Beh]] <ٮ> is assigned the value /p/.
Beh]] <ٮ> is assigned the value /p/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The dotted letter is the voiced member of the pair.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}} </sup> Dotless [[Wikipedia:Pe (Semitic letter)#Arabic fāʼ|Feh]] <ڡ> is assigned the value /φ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> Dotless [[Wikipedia:Pe (Semitic letter)#Arabic fāʼ|Feh]] <ڡ> is assigned the value /φ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}} </sup> Feh with dot below <ڢ> is assigned the value /β/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> Feh with dot below <ڢ> is assigned the value /β/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}} </sup> Mīm with dot above <ݥ> is assigned the value /m̥/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> <ذ> /ð/ is taken from the Comorian alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/comorian.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}} </sup> <ط> /t/ and <ظ> /θ/ are taken from the Morisco alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/aljamiado.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> <ز> /ʣ/ from the Chechen alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/chechen.htm] is assigned the value /ʦ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|6}} </sup> <د> /d/ and <ذ> /ð/ are taken from the Comorian alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/comorian.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> <ص> /s/ and <ض> /z/ are taken from the Belarusian alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/belarusian.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|7}} </sup> The Chechen Ċe <ڗ> /ʦʼ/ [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/chechen.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|8}}</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Urdu alphabet|Urdu]] Kāf /k/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|8}} </sup> The Chechen Ze <ز> /ʣ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|9}}</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Jawi alphabet|Malay]] Ga /g/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|9}} </sup> <ص> /s/ and <ض> /z/ are taken from the Belarusian alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/belarusian.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|10}}</sup> <غ> /ɣ/ is taken from the Azeri alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/azeri.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|10}} </sup> The [[Wikipedia:Urdu alphabet|Urdu]] Kāf /k/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|11}}</sup> <ح> /h/ is taken from the Azeri alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/azeri.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|11}} </sup> The [[Wikipedia:Jawi alphabet|Malay]] Ga /g/.
*The [[Wikipedia:Hamza|Hamza]] is used to indicate elision, ''e.g.'', مَىرُء صُنٰ '''m̃iirű' súna''', with the man.
*<sup>{{Color|red|12}} </sup> <ح> /h/ and <خ> /x/ are taken from the Indus Kohistani alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/induskohistani.htm].
*The [[Wikipedia:Shaddah|Shaddah]] is used to  indicate the infrequent geminate consonants in Senjecas, ''e.g.'', بهصْ '''be̋so''', arm + صهظْ '''se̋do''', chair = بهصّهظْ   '''bes̈e̋do''', armchair.
*<sup>{{Color|red|13}} </sup> Since Senjecas does not have a glottal stop, the simpler <ع> is used for /ɣ/ instead of <غ>.
*The [[Wikipedia:Hamza|Hamza]] is used to indicate elision, ''e.g.'', مٰاٰرُء سُنا '''m̃iirű' súna''', with the man.
*The [[Wikipedia:Shaddah|Shaddah]] is used to  indicate the infrequent geminate consonants in Senjecas, ''e.g.'', بٜصٗ '''be̋so''', arm + صٜدٗ  '''se̋do''', chair = بٜصّٜدٗ   '''bes̈e̋do''', armchair.




==Vowels==
==Vowel diacritics with ص==
 
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!  
!  
Line 280: Line 262:
|-
|-
! close
! close
| i<br>ٮِ <sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
| i صَ
 
| ii صَى <sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
| ii<br>ٮِى <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
!
!
|   
|   
Line 291: Line 272:
|  
|  
!  
!  
| u<br>ٮُ
| u صࣳ
| uu<br>ٮُٯ
| uu صࣳو
|-
|-
! near-close
! near-close
Line 298: Line 279:
|  
|  
!  
!  
| ĭ<br>ٮَ
| ɪ صِ
!  
!  
|  
|  
|  
|  
!  
!  
| ŭ<br>ٮ٘
| y ص٘
!  
!  
|   
|   
Line 309: Line 290:
|-
|-
! close-mid
! close-mid
| e<br>ٮٜ
| e ه <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| ee<br>ٮٜى
| ee هه  <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
!
!
|  
|  
!  
!  
|  
|
|  
|  
!  
!  
|  
|  
!  
!  
| o<br>ٮٗ
| o صْ <sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup>
| oo<br>ٮٗٯ
| oo صْو
|-
|-
! mid
! mid
Line 328: Line 309:
|
|
!  
!  
| ĕ<br>ٮٟ
| ɛ صٜ
|  
|  
!
!
Line 342: Line 323:
|  
|  
!
!
| a<br>ٮ <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
| a صٙ
| aa<br>ٮآ <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
| aa صٙا <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
!  
!  
|  
|  
!  
!  
| ɔ<br>ٮٔ
| ɔ صٛ <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
| ɔɔ<br>ٮٔٯ <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
| ɔɔ صٛو  <sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
|-
|-
|}
|}


===Notes===
===Notes===
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> The vowel diacritics are taken from the [[Wikipedia:Shina language|Shina]] alphabet. [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/shina.htm]
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> [[Wikipedia:Yodh#Arabic yāʼ|Yāʼ]] marks this vowel as long.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The dotless [[Wikipedia:Yodh#Arabic yāʼ|ya]]  <ى> on the front vowels marks them as long.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> This vowel is taken from the Bosnian alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/bosnian.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The consonants have /a/ as in [[Wikipedia:Inherent vowel|inherent vowel]]. Syllabic final consonants are marked with the [[Wikipedia:Arabic diacritics#Sukūn|sukūn]] to indicate that the inherent vowel is suppressed, ''e.g.'', کِرْصٜ  '''kı̋rse''', wooly rhinoceros.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The vowel is doubled to indicate /e:/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> Alif with [[Wikipedia:Arabic diacritics#Maddah|maddah]] is used for <a:>.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> Alif marks this vowel as long.
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> [[Wikipedia:Waw letter#Arabic wāw|Wāw]] <و> on the back vowels marks them as long.
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> This vowel diacritic is taken from the Bosnian alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/bosnian.htm].
*<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> [[Wikipedia:Waw letter#Arabic wāw|Wāw]] <و> on the back vowels marks them as long.
*<sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> This vowel diacritic, [[Wikipedia:Arabic diacritics#Sukūn|sukūn]], is taken from the Khorasani Turkic alphabet [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/khorasaniturkic.htm].
*An initial vowel is written on or with Alif, ''e.g.'', اٙڶٙىه  '''ala̋ȝe''', planet; اهرݥه '''e̋rme''', yak cow; اَىمَ '''ı̋ı̋m̃i''', yew; اْوصْ '''őőso''', mouth; اُݥَرْ '''umı̋ro''', skin boat; اُواه '''űűe''', louse.
*Initial double vowels are both written on Alif, ''e.g.'', اٙاُنْ '''a̋uno''', eyelid. If they are within the word, only the second is written on Alif, ''e.g.'', صْاَذه '''soiðe''', ant.




==Pangram==
==Pangram==
*The doubtful barn owl has flitted away, so the slowest birch mouse nimbly eats its expensive cheese on a cushion.
*The doubtful barn owl has flitted away, so the slowest birch mouse nimbly eats its expensive cheese on a cushion.
*''''''
*<font size = 5>.بُعه طُده اٙٮُ زِزَىغٙ, نٙرُ ڗٙدْص اهنٙ ݢ٘ݢوٛظه اٙڶَکه صٙلحٜفَ مُصْ اهىه-طُورْݥ ڗهڡٙ
*'''bűxe tűþe ápu ṡĭṡı̋ı̋ƣa. náru zaþős éna gŭǧɔ̋de alı̋ke sáɫhĕvi m̃űso eȝe-tűűrom że̋fa:'''
*<font size = 4>'''bűxe tűþe ápu ṡɪṡı̋ı̋ƣa. náru zaþős éna gyǧɔ̋de alı̋ke sáɫhɛvi m̃űso eȝe-tűűrom że̋fa:'''
 
 
:{|
!bűxe-Ø||tűþ-e||ápu||ṡı~ṡı̋ı̋ƣ-a||náru||zaþ-ős||éna||gy~ǧɔ̋de-Ø||alı̋k-e
|-
|doubtful-ABS||barn.owl-N.s||away||PRF~flit-IND||so||cushion-G.s||on||ELAT~slow-ABS||birch.mouse-N.s
|}
::{|
!sáɫh=ε=vi||m̃űso-Ø||eȝe=tűűr-om||że̋f-a
|-
|nimble=EPEN=ADV||expensive-ABS||its=cheese-A.s||eat-IND
|}




[[Senjecas - Cyrillic]]
[[Senjecas - Cyrillic]]

Latest revision as of 09:44, 25 September 2024

Pronunciation table

peműko
(labial)
 riisűko
(dental) 		muitűko
(alveolar) 		vainűko
(palatal) 		ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प) 		nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
 b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ɔ o u ı ɛ y
प
 ब फ भ म़ म त द थ ध ल़ ल च ज स स़ र न क ग क़ ग़ ह य स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी 		ए एै
पे पै 		अ आ
प पा 		ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ 		ओ औ
पो पौ 		उ ऊ
पु पू 		पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Palatal
Stops voiceless ٮ /p/ 1 ط /t/ ز /ʦ/ 6 ک /k/ 8
voiced ب /b/ 2 ﻅ /d/ ڗ /ʣ/ ݢ /g/ 9
Fricatives voiceless ڡ /ɸ/ 3 د /θ/ ص /s/ 7 ع /ç/
voiced ڢ /β/ 4 ذ /ð/ 5 ض /z/ غ /ɣ/ 10
Sonorants voiceless م /m̥/ ل /l̥/ ر /ɾ̥/ ح /h/ 11
voiced ݥ /m/ ڶ /l/ ن /n/ ی /j/

Notes

  • 1 Dotless Beh <ٮ> is assigned the value /p/.
  • 2 The dotted letter is the voiced member of the pair.
  • 3 Dotless Feh <ڡ> is assigned the value /φ/.
  • 4 Feh with dot below <ڢ> is assigned the value /β/.
  • 5 <ذ> /ð/ is taken from the Comorian alphabet [1].
  • 6 <ز> /ʣ/ from the Chechen alphabet [2] is assigned the value /ʦ/.
  • 7 <ص> /s/ and <ض> /z/ are taken from the Belarusian alphabet [3].
  • 8 The Urdu Kāf /k/.
  • 9 The Malay Ga /g/.
  • 10 <غ> /ɣ/ is taken from the Azeri alphabet [4].
  • 11 <ح> /h/ is taken from the Azeri alphabet [5].
  • The Hamza is used to indicate elision, e.g., مَىرُء صُنٰ m̃iirű' súna, with the man.
  • The Shaddah is used to indicate the infrequent geminate consonants in Senjecas, e.g., بهصْ be̋so, arm + صهظْ se̋do, chair = بهصّهظْ bes̈e̋do, armchair.


Vowel diacritics with ص

front near-front center near-back back
short long short long short long
close i صَ ii صَى 1 u صࣳ uu صࣳو
near-close ɪ صِ y ص٘
close-mid e ه 2 ee هه 3 o صْ 7 oo صْو
mid ɛ صٜ
open a صٙ aa صٙا 4 ɔ صٛ 5 ɔɔ صٛو 6

Notes

  • 1 Yāʼ marks this vowel as long.
  • 2 This vowel is taken from the Bosnian alphabet [6].
  • 3 The vowel is doubled to indicate /e:/.
  • 4 Alif marks this vowel as long.
  • 5 This vowel diacritic is taken from the Bosnian alphabet [7].
  • 6 Wāw <و> on the back vowels marks them as long.
  • 7 This vowel diacritic, sukūn, is taken from the Khorasani Turkic alphabet [8].
  • An initial vowel is written on or with Alif, e.g., اٙڶٙىه ala̋ȝe, planet; اهرݥه e̋rme, yak cow; اَىمَ ı̋ı̋m̃i, yew; اْوصْ őőso, mouth; اُݥَرْ umı̋ro, skin boat; اُواه űűe, louse.
  • Initial double vowels are both written on Alif, e.g., اٙاُنْ a̋uno, eyelid. If they are within the word, only the second is written on Alif, e.g., صْاَذه soiðe, ant.


Pangram

  • The doubtful barn owl has flitted away, so the slowest birch mouse nimbly eats its expensive cheese on a cushion.
  • .بُعه طُده اٙٮُ زِزَىغٙ, نٙرُ ڗٙدْص اهنٙ ݢ٘ݢوٛظه اٙڶَکه صٙلحٜفَ مُصْ اهىه-طُورْݥ ڗهڡٙ
  • bűxe tűþe ápu ṡɪṡı̋ı̋ƣa. náru zaþős éna gyǧɔ̋de alı̋ke sáɫhɛvi m̃űso eȝe-tűűrom że̋fa:


bűxe-Ø tűþ-e ápu ṡı~ṡı̋ı̋ƣ-a náru zaþ-ős éna gy~ǧɔ̋de-Ø alı̋k-e
doubtful-ABS barn.owl-N.s away PRF~flit-IND so cushion-G.s on ELAT~slow-ABS birch.mouse-N.s
sáɫh=ε=vi m̃űso-Ø eȝe=tűűr-om że̋f-a
nimble=EPEN=ADV expensive-ABS its=cheese-A.s eat-IND


Senjecas - Cyrillic

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