Senjecas - Arabic: Difference between revisions
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*<sup>{{Color|red|10}}</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Urdu alphabet|Urdu]] Kāf /k/. | *<sup>{{Color|red|10}}</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Urdu alphabet|Urdu]] Kāf /k/. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|11}}</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Jawi alphabet|Malay]] Ga /g/. | *<sup>{{Color|red|11}}</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Jawi alphabet|Malay]] Ga /g/. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|12}}</sup> <ح> /h/ and <خ> /x/ are taken from the Indus Kohistani alphabet. | *<sup>{{Color|red|12}}</sup> <ح> /h/ and <خ> /x/ are taken from the Indus Kohistani alphabet. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|13}}</sup> Since Senjecas does not have a glottal stop, <ع> is used for /ɣ/ instead of <غ>. | *<sup>{{Color|red|13}}</sup> Since Senjecas does not have a glottal stop, <ع> is used for /ɣ/ instead of <غ>. | ||
*The [[Wikipedia:Hamza|Hamza]] is used to indicate elision, ''e.g.'', مٰاٰرُء سُنا m̃iirű' súna''', with the man. | *The [[Wikipedia:Hamza|Hamza]] is used to indicate elision, ''e.g.'', مٰاٰرُء سُنا '''m̃iirű' súna''', with the man. | ||
*The [[Wikipedia:Shaddah|Shaddah]] is used to indicate the infrequent geminate consonants in Senjecas, ''e.g.'', بࣤسّࣤزٚ '''bes̈e̋do''', armchair. | *The [[Wikipedia:Shaddah|Shaddah]] is used to indicate the infrequent geminate consonants in Senjecas, ''e.g.'', بࣤسّࣤزٚ '''bes̈e̋do''', armchair. | ||
Revision as of 14:25, 24 June 2021
Pronunciation table
(labial) |
riisűko (dental) |
muitűko (alveolar) |
vainűko (palatal) |
ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels) |
nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | š | s̨ | i | e | a | ǫ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | |||||||||||||
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ | ||||||||||||
Consonants
Pronunciation table
(labial) |
riisűko (dental) |
muitűko (alveolar) |
vainűko (palatal) |
ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels) |
nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | š | s̨ | i | e | a | ɔɔ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | |||||||||||||
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ | ||||||||||||
Consonants
| peműko (labial) |
riisűko (dental) |
muitűko (alveolar) |
vainűko (palatal) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stops | voiceless | p | ٮ 1 | t | ط 5 | ṡ | س 7 | k | ک 10 | |||
| voiced | b | ب | d | د 6 | ż | ش 8 | g | ݢ 11 | ||||
| Fricatives | voiceless | f | ڡ 2 | þ | ظ 5 | s | ص 9 | x | خ 12 | |||
| voiced | v | ڢ 3 | ð | ذ 6 | z | ض 9 | ƣ | ع 13 | ||||
| Sonorants | voiceless | m̃ | ݥ 4 | ɫ | ڶ | r | ر | h | ح 12 | |||
| voiced | m | م | l | ل | n | ن | ȝ | ي | ||||
| Labialization | sʷ | سو | ||||||||||
| Palatalization | sʲ | سى | ||||||||||
Notes
- 1 Dotless Beh <ٮ> is assigned the value /p/.
- 2 Dotless Feh <ڡ> is assigned the value /φ/.
- 3 Feh with dot below <ڢ> is assigned the value /β/.
- 4 Mīm with dot above <ݥ> is assigned the value /m̥/.
- 5 <ط> /t/ and <ظ> /θ/ are taken from the Morisco alphabet.
- 6 <د> /d/ and <ذ> /ð/ are taken from the Comorian alphabet.
- 7 sīn <س> is assigned the value /ʦ/.
- 8 šīn <ش> is assigned the value /ʣ/.
- 9 <ص> /s/ and <ض> /z/ are taken from the Belarusian alphabet.
- 10 The Urdu Kāf /k/.
- 11 The Malay Ga /g/.
- 12 <ح> /h/ and <خ> /x/ are taken from the Indus Kohistani alphabet.
- 13 Since Senjecas does not have a glottal stop, <ع> is used for /ɣ/ instead of <غ>.
- The Hamza is used to indicate elision, e.g., مٰاٰرُء سُنا m̃iirű' súna, with the man.
- The Shaddah is used to indicate the infrequent geminate consonants in Senjecas, e.g., بࣤسّࣤزٚ bes̈e̋do, armchair.
Vowels
| front | near-front | center | near-back | back | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |||||||
| close | i اࣷ |
ii حࣷاࣷ 1 |
u اُ |
uu حُاُ | ||||||||
| near-close | ĭ اۛ |
ŭ ا٘ |
||||||||||
| close-mid | e اࣸ |
ee حࣸاࣸ |
o اْ |
oo حْاْ | ||||||||
| mid | ĕ اࣽ |
|||||||||||
| open | a ا 2 دٙ 3 |
aa آ 4 |
ǫ اࣴ |
ǫǫ حࣴاࣴ | ||||||||
Notes
- 1 Long vowels are written with a diacritic on the consonant followed by the diacritic on Alif.
- 2 Alif by itself is used for <a> in a V syllable.
- 3 The Fathah is used for <a> in a CV syllable, e.g., دٙلْ ta̋ɫo, right hand.
- 4 Alif with maddah is used for <a:>.
Example
- God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God and God in him. (Mt 5:16)
- ȝűmu m̃e̋nra e̋sa. da m̃enra̋s éna m̃e̋santu ȝuműs éna m̃e̋sa. da ȝűmu eȝús éna m̃e̋sa:
