Yenware Phonology: Difference between revisions

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==Table of Phonemes==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
! POA
! colspan="3" | <center>labial</center>
|
! colspan="2" | dental
|
|
! colspan="2" | alveolar
|
! colspan="2" | palatal
|
! colspan="1" | glottal
|
|
! colspan="3" | nasal<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
|
|
! colspan="5" | vowels
|-
! IPA
|<center> /φ/</center>
| /β/
| /w/
!
| /l/
| /t/
!
!
| /ɾ/
| /s/
!
| /k/
| /j/
!
| /h/
!
!
| /m/
| /n/
| /ŋ/
!
!
| /ä/
| /e/
| /o/
| /u/
| /i/
|-
! Hangul
| <center>ㅍ <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup></center>
| ㅂ <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
| <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
!
| ㄹ
| ㄷ
!
!
| ㅈ <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
| ㅅ
!
| ㄱ <sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
| <sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup>
!
| ㅎ
!
!
| ㅁ
| ㄴ
| ㄲ/ㅇ <sup>{{Color|red|8}}</sup>
!
!
| 아
| 에
| 오
| 우
| 이
|-
! Latin
| <center>f</center>
| v
| w
!
| l
| t
!
!
| r
| s
!
| k
| y
!
| h
!
!
| m
| n
| ń
!
!
| a
| e
| o
| u
| i
|}
===Notes===
*The jamo are in the order of the Korean alphabet (''ganad''), consonants first, then vowels, known in Yenware as the '''favawa'''.
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> The nasals are grouped together because only they can be found as syllable codas.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The jamo ''Pieup'' <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The jamo ''Bieup'' <ㅂ> /p~pʰ~b/ is assigned the voiced bilabial fricative /β/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> The compound vowels are used for <w>, ''e.g.'', '''ㅘ''', wa.
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> Since Yenware has both /ɾ/ and /l/, there was a need to find unique ''jamos'' for each. The ''jamo'' ''Rieul'' <ㄹ> was retained for /l/. The jamo ''Jieut'' /tɕ/ <ㅈ> was assigned the voiced alveolar tap /ɾ/, because it bears a resemblance to the <ㅅ> /s/ with which it shares the alveolar group.
*<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> The jamo ''Giyeok'' <ㄱ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiceless palatal stop /k/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> The iotized vowels are used for <y>, ''e.g.'', '''요''', yo.
*<sup>{{Color|red|8}}</sup>  The jamo ''Ssanggiyeok'' <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/. The jamo ''Ieung'' <ㅇ> is used when /ŋ/ is a syllable coda.


==Phonology==
==Phonology==
Line 21: Line 141:
|-
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| m /m/ ~ /ɱ/<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup><br>'''म'''
| m /m/ '''ㅁ'''
| n /n/<br>'''न'''
| n /n/ '''ㄴ'''
|  
|  
| ń /ŋ/<br>'''ङ'''
| ń /ŋ/ '''ㄲ/ㅇ'''
|
|
|-
|-
Line 30: Line 150:
! voiceless
! voiceless
|  
|  
| t /t/<br>'''त'''
| t /t/ '''ㄷ'''
|
|
| k /k/<br>'''क'''
| k /k/ '''ㄱ'''
|
|
|-
|-
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! rowspan="2" | Fricatives
! rowspan="2" | Fricatives
! voiceless
! voiceless
| f /φ/<br>'''फ'''
| f /φ/ '''ㅍ'''
|
|
| s /s/<br>'''स'''
| s /s/ '''ㅅ'''
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| v /β/<br>'''भ'''<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| v /β/ '''ㅂ'''
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
| h /h/<br>'''ह'''
| h /h/ '''ㅎ'''
|-
|-
! voiced  
! voiced  
| w /w/<br>'''व'''<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
| w /w/
| l /l/<br>'''ल'''
| l /l/ '''ㄹ'''
| r /ɾ/<br>'''र'''
| r /ɾ/ '''ㅈ'''
| y /j/<br>'''य'''
| y /j/
|
|
|}
|}
====Notes====
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> <m> becomes the [[Wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|labiodental]] /ɱ/ before the bilabials <f> and <v>.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> '''भ''' /bʱ/ is assigned the phoneme /β/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> '''व''' /ʋ/ is assigned the phoneme /w/.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
Line 88: Line 203:
|-
|-
! Close
! Close
| i /i/<br>'''इ / मि'''
| i /i/ '''이'''
!
!
|
|
!
!
| u /u/<br>'''उ / मु'''
| u /u/ '''우'''
|-
|-
! Close-mid
! Close-mid
| e /e/<br>'''ए / मॆ'''
| e /e/ '''에'''
!
!
|
|
!
!
| o /o/<br>'''ओ / मॊ'''
| o /o/ '''오'''
|-
|-
! Open
! Open
|
|
!
!
| a /ä/<br>'''अ / म'''
| a /ä/ '''아'''
!
|
|}
 
===Compound Vowels===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!
!
! W
|
|
|
! Y
|-
! a
| '''ㅘ'''
!
!
| '''ㅑ'''
|-
! e
| '''ㅞ'''
!
!
| '''ㅖ'''
|-
! o
| '''ᆂ'''
!
!
| '''ㅛ'''
|-
! u
| '''ᆃ'''
!
!
| '''ㅠ'''
|-
! i
| '''ㅟ'''
!
!
| '''ㅢ'''
|-
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 15:58, 10 February 2021

Table of Phonemes

POA
labial
 dental alveolar palatal glottal nasal1 vowels
IPA
/φ/
 /β/ /w/ /l/ /t/ /ɾ/ /s/ /k/ /j/ /h/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /ä/ /e/ /o/ /u/ /i/
Hangul
ㅍ 2
 ㅂ 3 4 ㄹ ㄷ ㅈ 5 ㅅ ㄱ 6 7 ㅎ ㅁ ㄴ ㄲ/ㅇ 8 아 에 오 우 이
Latin
f
 v w l t r s k y h m n ń a e o u i

Notes

  • The jamo are in the order of the Korean alphabet (ganad), consonants first, then vowels, known in Yenware as the favawa.
  • 1 The nasals are grouped together because only they can be found as syllable codas.
  • 2 The jamo Pieup <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
  • 3 The jamo Bieup <ㅂ> /p~pʰ~b/ is assigned the voiced bilabial fricative /β/.
  • 4 The compound vowels are used for <w>, e.g., ㅘ, wa.
  • 5 Since Yenware has both /ɾ/ and /l/, there was a need to find unique jamos for each. The jamo Rieul <ㄹ> was retained for /l/. The jamo Jieut /tɕ/ <ㅈ> was assigned the voiced alveolar tap /ɾ/, because it bears a resemblance to the <ㅅ> /s/ with which it shares the alveolar group.
  • 6 The jamo Giyeok <ㄱ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiceless palatal stop /k/.
  • 7 The iotized vowels are used for <y>, e.g., 요, yo.
  • 8 The jamo Ssanggiyeok <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/. The jamo Ieung <ㅇ> is used when /ŋ/ is a syllable coda.


Phonology

Consonants

labial dental alveolar palatal glottal
Nasals voiceless
voiced m /m/ ㅁ n /n/ ㄴ ń /ŋ/ ㄲ/ㅇ
Stops voiceless t /t/ ㄷ k /k/ ㄱ
voiced
Fricatives voiceless f /φ/ ㅍ s /s/ ㅅ
voiced v /β/ ㅂ
Sonorants voiceless h /h/ ㅎ
voiced w /w/ l /l/ ㄹ r /ɾ/ ㅈ y /j/

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i /i/ 이 u /u/ 우
Close-mid e /e/ 에 o /o/ 오
Open a /ä/ 아

Compound Vowels

W Y
a ㅘ ㅑ
e ㅞ ㅖ
o ᆂ ㅛ
u ᆃ ㅠ
i ㅟ ㅢ
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