Proto-Seiquian: Difference between revisions
WeepingElf (talk | contribs) m (→Consonants) |
WeepingElf (talk | contribs) |
||
| (13 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Proto- | '''Proto-Seiquian''' is the reconstructed ancestor of the [[Seiquian]] languages, estimated to have been spoken around 4000 BC. It has been conjectured that this was the language of the [[Wikipedia:Sredny Stog culture|Sredny Stog culture]] before these people merged with the [[Wikipedia:Khvalynsk culture|Khvalynsk culture]] forming the [[Wikipedia:Yamnaya culture|Yamnaya culture]] and shifted to the latter's language, [[Proto-Indo-European]]. This, however, remains speculative. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
Proto-Seiquian has a rich consonant inventory. | |||
{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 38: | Line 40: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="3"| Liquids | !colspan="3"| Liquids | ||
| | | || *l *r || || || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="3"| Semivowels | !colspan="3"| Semivowels | ||
| Line 45: | Line 47: | ||
|} | |} | ||
All consonants except the labials can also be ''labialized''; such consonants are marked with '''°'''; e.g. '''*t°''' or ''' | All consonants except the labials can also be ''labialized''; such consonants are marked with '''°'''; e.g. '''*t°''' or '''*gh°'''. The frequency of these labializations increases from the alveolars to the uvulars; however, '''*h°''' is rare. | ||
The aspirated stops are not preserved in any | The aspirated stops are not preserved in any Seiquian language as such; they merged with the unaspirated stops in [[Seiqui]] and became fricatives in [[Hihi]]. Neither is labialization; it is segmented out as following /w/ in Seiqui and lost in Hihi. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Proto-Seiquian is reconstructed with five vowels. | |||
{|class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! Front | |||
! Central | |||
! Back | |||
|- | |||
! Close | |||
| *i || || *u | |||
|- | |||
! Mid | |||
| *e || || *o | |||
|- | |||
! Open | |||
| || *a || | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
In addition, nasals and liquids can form syllable nuclei. | |||
==Morphology== | |||
Proto-Seiquian is reconstructed as an agglutinating, head-final accusative language. | |||
===Nouns=== | |||
Nouns in Proto-Seiquian are classified in two ''genders'': masculine and feminine. They are inflected for three ''numbers'' (singular, dual and plural) and six ''cases'' (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, instrumental, locative). | |||
{{WIP}} | |||
===Adjectives=== | |||
(to be done) | |||
===Pronouns=== | |||
(to be done) | |||
===Verbs=== | |||
(to be done) | |||
==Syntax== | |||
(to be done) | |||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | |||
Latest revision as of 08:39, 30 December 2019
Proto-Seiquian is the reconstructed ancestor of the Seiquian languages, estimated to have been spoken around 4000 BC. It has been conjectured that this was the language of the Sredny Stog culture before these people merged with the Khvalynsk culture forming the Yamnaya culture and shifted to the latter's language, Proto-Indo-European. This, however, remains speculative.
Phonology
Consonants
Proto-Seiquian has a rich consonant inventory.
| Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stops | Unaspirated | Voiceless | *p | *t | *c | *k | ||
| Voiced | *b | *d | *j | *g | ||||
| Aspirated | Voiceless | *ph | *th | *ch | *kh | |||
| Voiced | *bh | *dh | *jh | *gh | ||||
| Fricatives | Voiceless | *s | *x | *h | ||||
| Nasals | *m | *n | ||||||
| Liquids | *l *r | |||||||
| Semivowels | *w | *y | ||||||
All consonants except the labials can also be labialized; such consonants are marked with °; e.g. *t° or *gh°. The frequency of these labializations increases from the alveolars to the uvulars; however, *h° is rare.
The aspirated stops are not preserved in any Seiquian language as such; they merged with the unaspirated stops in Seiqui and became fricatives in Hihi. Neither is labialization; it is segmented out as following /w/ in Seiqui and lost in Hihi.
Vowels
Proto-Seiquian is reconstructed with five vowels.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | *i | *u | |
| Mid | *e | *o | |
| Open | *a |
In addition, nasals and liquids can form syllable nuclei.
Morphology
Proto-Seiquian is reconstructed as an agglutinating, head-final accusative language.
Nouns
Nouns in Proto-Seiquian are classified in two genders: masculine and feminine. They are inflected for three numbers (singular, dual and plural) and six cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, instrumental, locative).
Adjectives
(to be done)
Pronouns
(to be done)
Verbs
(to be done)
Syntax
(to be done)
