Proto-Razaric: Difference between revisions
WeepingElf (talk | contribs) |
WeepingElf (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 125: | Line 125: | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
Proto-Razaric is reconstructed as a head-initial agglutinating ergative language. | |||
===Nouns=== | |||
Nouns in Razaric are inflected for number (singular and plural) and case (absolutive, ergative, genitive, dative, instrumental, locative, allative, ablative). There is no gender distinction. The inflection is agglutinating, with the same case endings used in both numbers. In the singular, the stem vowel is repeated before the case ending. The plural marker is '''*-k''' in the absolutive and '''*-i-''' before a case ending. | |||
Sample paradigm ('''*razar''' 'artisan'): | |||
{|class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! Singular | |||
! Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Absolutive | |||
| *razar || *razark | |||
|- | |||
! Ergative | |||
| *razarak || *razarik | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| *razaran || *razarin | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| *razarar || *razarir | |||
|- | |||
! Instrumental | |||
| *razarantik || *razarintik | |||
|- | |||
! Locative | |||
| *razarant || *razarint | |||
|- | |||
! Allative | |||
| *razarantar || *razarintir | |||
|- | |||
! Ablative | |||
| *razarantan || *razarintin | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
===Verbs=== | |||
(to be done) | (to be done) | ||
Revision as of 10:01, 16 September 2019
Proto-Razaric is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Razaric languages. It is estimated to have been spoken around 4000 BC.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Pharyngeal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sibilant | Flat | Lateral | |||||
| Nasals | *m | *n | *ng | ||||
| Voiceless stops | *p | *t | *k | ||||
| Voiced stops | *b | *d | *g | ||||
| Voiceless affricates | *ts | *tr | *tl | ||||
| Voiced affricates | *dz | *dr | *dl | ||||
| Voiceles continuants | *s | *rh | *lh | ||||
| Voiced continuants | *w | *z | *r | *l | *j | *3 | |
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | *i | *u | |
| Mid | *e | *o | |
| Low | *a |
Syllable structure
The maximal syllable structure is CVC. Affricates may not occur in codas, but all consonants may occur in onsets.
Accent
The accent falls on the first syllable of the word.
Sound correspondences
The basic sound correspondences between Proto-Midrean and Proto-Razaric are like this:
- "Emphatic" stops have merged with their voiceless counterparts. (Or did the latter become aspirated?)
- The front sibilants are preserved; mid sibilants become laterals; back sibilants become rhotics.
- PT *h becomes PR *3.
- The nasals, liquids and semivowels are unchanged, but post-consonantal *w disappears with changing the following vowels *a and *e into *o and *i into *u.
The details are more complex but remain to be worked out.
Morphology
Proto-Razaric is reconstructed as a head-initial agglutinating ergative language.
Nouns
Nouns in Razaric are inflected for number (singular and plural) and case (absolutive, ergative, genitive, dative, instrumental, locative, allative, ablative). There is no gender distinction. The inflection is agglutinating, with the same case endings used in both numbers. In the singular, the stem vowel is repeated before the case ending. The plural marker is *-k in the absolutive and *-i- before a case ending.
Sample paradigm (*razar 'artisan'):
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Absolutive | *razar | *razark |
| Ergative | *razarak | *razarik |
| Genitive | *razaran | *razarin |
| Dative | *razarar | *razarir |
| Instrumental | *razarantik | *razarintik |
| Locative | *razarant | *razarint |
| Allative | *razarantar | *razarintir |
| Ablative | *razarantan | *razarintin |
Verbs
(to be done)
Syntax
(to be done)
Vocabulary
(to be done)
