Kava/sound changes: Difference between revisions

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===Proto-Subumpamese (???) to Proto-Kava (1900)===
===Proto-Subumpamese (~1700) to Kava (3138)===


#The schwas ''ə ə̄'' shifted to '''u ū'''.
#The schwas ''ə ə̄'' shifted to '''u ū'''.
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#The high vowel ''i'' shifted to '''ə''' if touching a /q/ in either direction.   
#The high vowel ''i'' shifted to '''ə''' if touching a /q/ in either direction.   
#Primordial ''f'' shifted to '''p'''  .   
#Primordial ''f'' shifted to '''p'''  .   
#Primordial ''hʷ  w'' shifted to '''f  v'''.
#Primordial ''hʷ  w'' shifted to '''f  v'''.  
 
#All labialized consonants shift to bilabials.
Thus the consonant inventory was
#The postalveolar affricates ''č ǯ ň š ł '' became '''c ʒ n s l''' unconditionally.
 
#The palatals ''ć c̀ '' became '''č '''.
              PLAIN                      LABIALIZED
#The voiceless uvular stop ''q'' changed to '''k''' when syllable-final.
 
#Word-final ''č'' became '''s'''. ''čk čq'' etc > '''čč'''. Any other syllable-final ''č'' assimilates to the following consonant.
Bilabials:      p  b  m  f  v          pʷ  bʷ  mʷ     
#Any heterorganic stop/aff after a stop turned into a fricative.  
Alveolars:      t  d  n  s  l          tʷ  dʷ  nʷ 
#The affricates ''c ʒ'' changed to '''s z''' when not after a high tone.
Postalveolars:  č   ǯ   ň   š   ł          
#Voiced stops became voiceless when occurring before a high tone.
Palatals:        ć       ń      y
Prevelars:      c̀       ǹ
Velars:          k   ġ  ŋ  x  g          kʷ ġʷ  ŋʷ  xʷ
  Postvelars:      q          h              qʷ         
There may have also been a /gʷ/, likely shifting to [w] as /w/ shifted to /v/.

Latest revision as of 08:22, 2 November 2018

Proto-Subumpamese (~1700) to Kava (3138)

  1. The schwas ə ə̄ shifted to u ū.
  2. The mid vowels e o rotated to i ə.
  3. The high vowel i shifted to ə if touching a /q/ in either direction.
  4. Primordial f shifted to p .
  5. Primordial hʷ w shifted to f v.
  6. All labialized consonants shift to bilabials.
  7. The postalveolar affricates č ǯ ň š ł became c ʒ n s l unconditionally.
  8. The palatals ć c̀ became č .
  9. The voiceless uvular stop q changed to k when syllable-final.
  10. Word-final č became s. čk čq etc > čč. Any other syllable-final č assimilates to the following consonant.
  11. Any heterorganic stop/aff after a stop turned into a fricative.
  12. The affricates c ʒ changed to s z when not after a high tone.
  13. Voiced stops became voiceless when occurring before a high tone.
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