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| I know this is a mess graphically, but I thought it would be a courtesy to post this information for Relay 20 starts.
| | =Siye= |
| | {|style="background:#f9f9f9; float: right; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width:30%; font-size:95%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3 |
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| | !colspan=2 style="background: #dfdfdf; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; font-size: 110%;"| Siye |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Pronounced: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| ['ʃi.je] |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Timeline and Universe: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| Earth Jungle Lord (EJL) |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Species: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| Martian Hominin |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Spoken: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| Mars |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Total speakers: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| 19,000,000 |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Writing system: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| Native Syllabary |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Genealogy: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| Thide <br> Tide <br> Tiye <br> [[Siye]] |
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| | !colspan=2 style="background: #dfdfdf; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"| Typology: |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Morphology: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| Agglutinative |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Morphosyntax: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| Split Ergative |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Word order: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| SOV |
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| | !colspan=2 style="background: #dfdfdf; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"| Credits |
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| | |style="border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 30%"| Creator: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; border-bottom: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| Linguarum Magister |
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| | |style="width: 30%"| Created: ||style="border-left: 1pt solid #c0c0c0; width: 70%"| 2012 |
| | |} |
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| Siye Cheat Sheet
| | =Description= |
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| =Phonology and Orthography=
| | Siye is one of the two major languages, along with Ulok, of the Martian Equator, It is spoken by nineteen million people in the Valley of the River. The Guild of Scholars estimates that there are twenty million speakers, but the Terrestrial conservative estimate separates one million speakers whose inclusion within the Simakim is more political than linguistic. |
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| ==Phonology==
| | 'Simakim', a key concept in linguistic and political thought, means 'area where the Siye language is spoken.' The Simakim is defined by the presence of a Siye-speaker with immovable property. If the Simayam (Siye speaker) is bilingual, the Siye portion is dominant under Siye law. |
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| /m/ [m], > [ⁿ]/V_#, V_C
| | The Valley is a federation of city states and autonomous regions whose only unifying government is the Guild of Scholars, a body of grammarians based in the Central Province which regulates the grammar of Siye and therefore the validity of contracts. The Valley is divided into provinces, but unless there is need for military action, provinces are more geographical descriptions than political unities. The only permanent militia is maintained by the Far Western Province, which borders the Ulok-speaking Kingdom of Nesa. |
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| /n/ [n]
| | =Phonology and Orthography= |
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| /p/ [p], > [pʰ]/#_, [f]/_u, [ç]/_i
| | ==Orthography== |
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| /t/ [t], > [tʰ]/#_, [ʦ]/_u, [ʦʰ]/#_u
| | [[Siye Orthography]] |
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| /k/ [k] > [kʰ]/#_, [x]/_u, [ʧ]/_i, [ʧʰ]/#_i
| | ==Phonology== |
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| /s/ [s] > [ʃ]/_i
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| /w/ [v]
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| /y/ [j]
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| /l/ [l]
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| /h/ [placeholder after /m/ [ⁿ]]
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| /i/ [i]
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| /im/ [ɪⁿ]
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| /e/ [e]
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| /em/ [ɛⁿ]
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| /a/ [a]
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| /am/ [aⁿ]
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| /o/ [o]
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| /om/ [ɔⁿ]
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| /u/ [u]
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| /um/ [ʊⁿ]
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| ==Vowel Dominance== | |
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| Siye Vowel Dominance indicates which vowel will dominate in a vowel-vowel sequence (nasalization of vowels does not affect this). The Vowel Dominance hierarchy is listed below:
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| /u/ > /o/ > /a/ > /e/ > /i/
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| The 3rd person animate subject prefix of the verb is -i- and therefore vanishes most of the time after the object prefixes. It is, however, present in /yi-/ and /umhi-/.
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| =Nominal Morphology=
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| ==Cases==
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| Cases:
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| 1. NOMINATIVE (NOM): -0 NOM: Pronouns, Personal Names
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| The Nominative Case is used for the subject of an intransitive clause and the subject of a transitive clause, provided that the noun is either a pronoun or a personal name.
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| 2. ABSOLUTIVE (ABS): -0 ABS: Everything Except Pronouns and Personal Names
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| The Absolutive Case is used for the subject of an intransitive clause and the object of a transitive clause, provided that the noun is not a pronoun or a personal name.
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| 3. ACCUSATIVE (ACC): -a
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| The Accusative Case is used for the object of a transitive clause, provided that the noun is either a pronoun or personal name.
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| 4. ERGATIVE (ERG): -ya, -na
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| The Ergative Case is used for the subject of a transitive clause, provided that the noun is not a pronoun or a personal name. -na follows a nasal syllable; -ya follows otherwise.
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| 5. GENITIVE (GEN): -ne
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| The Genitive Case is used to describe alienable possession or an accidental characteristic of a object.
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| 6. POSSESSIVE (POSS): -me
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| The Possessive Case is used to describe inalienable possession or an essential characteristic of an object. The Possessive Case, unlike the other Cases, precedes rather than follows the grammatical number suffix.
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| 7. ABLATIVE (ABL): -sum
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| The Ablative Case is used to describe motion away from a point or origin from a particular location.
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| 8. LOCATIVE (LOC): -kem
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| The Locative Case is used to describe a location, or, in ditransitive clauses, the object being transferred or the price of the object in the Absolutive Case (more rarely, Accusative Case).
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| 9. (AL)LATIVE/DATIVE (ALL): -su ALL: Inanimates
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| The Dative Case is used for the inanimate indirect object of a main clause, the inanimate indirect object of a Causative Construction clause when the verb of the Causative Construction clause is in the imperfective aspect, and the inanimate direct object of a Causative Construction clause when the verb of the Causative Construction clause is in the perfective aspect.
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| 10. DATIVE (DAT): -tu DAT: Animates
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| The Dative Case is used for the animate indirect object of a main clause, the animate indirect object of a Causative Construction clause when the verb of the Causative Construction clause is in the imperfective aspect, and the animate direct object of a Causative Construction clause when the verb of the Causative Construction clause is in the perfective aspect.
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| 11. INSTRUMENTAL (INS): -ki
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| The Instrumental Case is used to describe the means by which something is done. This case is only used with Inanimate nouns; therefore it is rude to use the Instrumental Case with an Animate nouns.
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| 12. ADVERBIAL (ADV): -ku
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| The Adverbial Case converts roots into adverbs. The Guild of Scholars treats this as a case rather than a separate part of speech.
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| 13. EQUATIVE (EQ): -pu
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| The Equative Case is used to describe the second noun or adjective in predicate statement. It is also used a vocative exterior to the core arguments of the clause.
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| 14. COMITATIVE (COM): -ni
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| The Comitative Case is used to describe accompaniment. It also serves as the primary nominal form of 'and', thus contrasting with the primarily verbal form -(a)m.
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| ==Grammatical Number==
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| Grammatical Numbers:
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| NULL (NL): -ku, -hu, -u
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| The Null Number refers to the absence of a particular thing. When used with an adjective, the Null Number changes an adjective to its opposite.
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| SINGULAR (SG): -0
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| The Singular Number is used with singular nouns, some abstract nouns, and mass nouns.
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| DUAL (DU): -so
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| The Dual Number is used to refer to exactly two things. Although pairs of items, such as eyes, are in the Dual Number, the Dual Number does not inherently indicate a pair.
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| PAUCAL (PC): -ke
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| The Paucal Number refers to a group, smaller than that of Plural Number but more than the Dual Number.
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| PLURAL (PL): -lo
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| The Plural Number refers to a group, larger than that of Paucal Number. This is the generic plural in Siye.
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| PANTIC (PN): -ka
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| The Pantic Number refers to all of a certain thing. It is also used as a tribal designation.
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| Structure: ROOT-NUMBER-CASE, except if there is a Possessive Case, in which case it is ROOT-CASE-NUMBER.
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| ==Definiteness and Numeral Placement==
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| Siye nouns are inherently definite. An indefinite noun requires a following /tum/. Ajectives follow the noun. Examples;
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| tupi the bird
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| tupi tuki white bird
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| tupi me this bird
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| tupi tuki me this white bird
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| tupi tum a bird
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| tupi tuki tum a white bird
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| tum tupi one bird
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| tum tupi tuki one white bird
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| ==Pronouns==
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| le, la: 1st person
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| pe, sa: 2nd person
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| i, ya: 3rd person animate
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| e, a: 3rd person inanimate
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| mu: 3rd person indefinite
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| tum: 3rd person indefinate (after subkect prefix (h)i-)
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| um: reflexive.
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| The second form is exclusively Accusative; all other case suffixes attach to the Nominative form.
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| =Verb and Participle Structure=
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| ==Verb Structure==
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| Verb Structure
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| 1. Object Prefix
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| The last prefix in each list is the ya-conjugation form. The others are yi-conjugation forms.
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| le-, la-: 1st person
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| pe-, sa-: 2nd person
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| i-, y-, ya-: 3rd person animate
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| e-, a-: 3rd person inanimate
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| mu-: 3rd person indefinite
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| tum-: 3rd person indefinite
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| um-: reflexive
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| 2. Subject Prefix
| | [[Siye Phonology]] |
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| -le-: 1st person
| | ==Dialects== |
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| -pe-: 2nd person
| | [[Siye Dialects]] |
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| -y-, -(h)i-: 3rd person animate
| | =Morphology and Syntax= |
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| -e-: 3rd person inanimate
| | ==Nominal Morphology== |
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| -mu-: 3rd person indefinite
| | [[Siye Nominal Morphology]] |
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| 3. Root
| | ==Verbal Morphology== |
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| Many basic Siye roots are suppletive and correspond with a particular aspect.
| | [[Siye Verbal Morphology]] |
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| 4. Grammatical Number
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| -ku: null number
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| -0: singular number (also indefinite)
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| -so: dual number
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| -ke: paucal number
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| -lo: plural number
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| -ka: pantic number (i.e., all); sometimes ethnic (tupikasum lupatekemkasum - from all the birds in the sky)
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| -pi: exclusive marker (replaces dual, paucal, plural)
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| The exclusive marker -pi- may replace the dual, paucal, or plural number if and only if the dual, paucal, or plural number is marked on the noun with which the verb agrees in number.
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| 5. Causative
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| -sum: causative
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| 6. Derivatives
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| [I may have forgotten one here, and this is a semi-open category. Fair warning.]
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| -ka: 'intend to X'
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| -me: 'stop X-ing'
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| -nam: 'begin to X'
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| -tam: 'continue to X'
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| -te: 'want to X'
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| -to: negative imperative 'do not X'
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| -wi: positive imperative 'do X'
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| -yam: 'able to X'
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| 7. Directionals
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| -ki: 'in place'
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| -na: 'up'
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| -nu: 'down'
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| -su: 'away from'
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| -tu: 'towards'
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| The other suffixes are fairly self-explanatory, but -ki- probably requires some clarification. The suffix -ki- places emphasis on the stationary nature of the verb. Examples:
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| eletom''tu''na I bought it
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| eletom''su''na I sold it
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| eletom''ki''na I kept it in stock
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| 8. Aspect
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| -me: imperfective
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| -ne: perfective
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| 9. Mode
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| -a: positive realis
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| -e: irrealis
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| -u: negative realis
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| 10. Relational
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| -(a)me: 'who/what/which/that'
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| -(a)mo: interrogative (creates a question)
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| -(e)ki: 'so that', 'with the result that'
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| -(e)kem: 'when'
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| -(e)su: 'then'
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| -(e)sum: 'if'
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| -(e)ya: 'because'
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| 11. Coordinative
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| -(h)(a)m: 'and'
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| 12. Negative (floater)
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| -ku: negative
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| Positions 1 and 2 often combine due to Vowel Dominance. There are two conjugations, yi-conjugation and ya-conjugation. The ya-conjugation is object-prominent. Position 3 is often suppletive depending on aspect (Position 8). Position 4 reflects the subject if the verb is imperfective, the object if the verb is perfective. It is mandatory even in the singular number. Position 5 is often derivational and triggers the Causative (Syntactical) Construction in originally transitive verbs. Position 6 is derivational; each suffix may be associated with a particularly aspect. Position 6 triggers the Causative Construction in specific cases. Position 7 is sometimes derivational, sometimes not, usually mandatory. Position 8 and 9, usually combine into one syllable. Position 10 usually indicates a subordinate clause or a matrix clause in a conditional statement. Position 11 indicates parallel clauses and may combine with Position 8/9 or Position 10. Position 12 is a mobile suffix used to disambiguate certain negative statements or strengthen an already negative statement.
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| ==Participle Structure==
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| 1. Root
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| 2. Causative
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| 3. Derivatives
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| 4. Directionals
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| 5. Aspect
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| 6. Mode
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| 7. Nominalizer
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| -ki: passive, instrumental
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| -kim: locative
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| -yam: active, ergative
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| 8. Grammatical Number
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| 9. Case
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| Positions 2, 3, and 4 are only present if necessary. Position 7 has three variants, active, passive, and locative. A participle lacks the Object and Subject Prefixes of a verb in a relative clause.
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| =Syntax=
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| ==Syntax== | | ==Syntax== |
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| Basic syntax is SOV, with a yi-conjungation verb. The indirect object and other non-core arguments precede the Direct Object. If the Direct Object is fronted, the verb changes from yi-conjugation to ya-conjugation. If the Subject is placed after the verb, the verb remains yi-conjugation. Pronouns are mandatory in formal Siye.
| | [[Siye Syntax]] |
| Examples:
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| 'I sold the bird to the girl'
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| Le layeketu tupi iletompusuna.
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| Kili le layeketu yaletompusuna.
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| Layeketu kili iletompusuna le.
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| ==Causative Construction==
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| If the causative suffix is added to a transitive verb, the cases of the core arguments from the original clause are governed by the aspect of the verb. If the verb is imperfective, the originally nominative or ergative subject of the original clause becomes dative or allative, while the originally accusative or absolutive object of the original clause remains accusative or absolutive. If the verb is perfective, the opposite occurs. Position 6 suffixes take the Causative Construction except when the Object of the Causative Construction is the same as the Subject of the Causative Construction. Thus “I wanted you to see the book” (le kenosu sa eleyemputena) uses the Causative Construction, while “I wanted to see the book” (le keno eleyamputena) does not.
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| ==Complex Clause Order==
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| NP → N Adj Gen Relative-Clause Possessive Numeral Case
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| /tupi tuki lupate tupikelo yiyokakanamesokani/
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| tupi tuki lupate tupike-lo i-i-yo-ka-ka-ne-a-ame-me-so-ka-ni
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| bird white mountain bird.DIM-PL
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| 3.AN-3.AN-eat.PFV-PN-intend.to-PFV-POS.REALIS-POSS-DU-PN-COM
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| With all the white birds of the two mountains who intended to eat the many small birds.
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| ==Post-positions==
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| Siye uses post-positions. The preceding noun is in the Genitive Case (much less commonly, the Possessive Case).
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| ==Relational Verb Order==
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| A clause with a verb ending in -(a)me is usually embedded within the matrix clause.
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| A clause with a verb ending in -(e)ki is either embedded within the matrix clause or follows the matrix clause.
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| A clause with a verb ending in -(e)kem usually precedes the matrix clause.
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| A clause with a verb ending in -(e)ya may precede or follow the matrix clause.
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| In a conditional statement, the clause with a verb ending in -(e)sum precedes the clause a verb ending in -(e)su.
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| A clause ending -(a)mo is always the final clause.
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| =Text=
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| ==Babel Text==
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| 11:1 Luka ukakem tum siye yenakikeni ekimpikina.
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| 11:2 Umlo lupomisum itulosumakem, ilo luponu lukem Sinalamekem eyuluwepunam ilo lu mekem itampusumkakina.
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| 11:3 Ilo ilotu eyekena: lelo yetampake elenupinam lelo a nimuku elepapisumname. Ilotu yetampake yetamkem isaki tumsumtumakikem ekimsokina.
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| 11:4 Ilo eyekena: lelo lusili sili nukepu lupatesu esupunamameni elenupinam lelo lelotu mele lelo mu ponukem luka uka mekem lamusupusumsumuki.
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| 11:5 Kumayam i lusili sili nukepuni umlo yaso ekesona ekopumaki itupuna.
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| 11:6 Kumayam eyekena: kolowima! Ilo tum yokonopu ikimlokisumham ilotu tum siye ekimpukinasum, eki me ilo anulonammasum, ilo eka ilo ekekakana enulomema.
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| 11:7 Lelo lesupinumam lelo siye ilome ilo siye umsane epilomuki epilosumnume.
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| 11:8 Kumayam ponukem luka ukakem yalo etulosumsunam ilo lusili enupumenanu.
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| 11:9 Samku mele lume Papale ekimpukima, Kumayam lu mekem siye lu ukane emupusumnunayam Kumayam lumesum ponukem luka ukakem yalo etulosumsunaya.
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| ==The North Wind And the Sun==
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| Impo Kasa Pomini eyuluweputenana: palatu tutu ekimpukimumo?
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| Sukimayam tumna kamsutu pakeke tumki emtuku ikimpukimameyamna isuputuma.
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| Iso isotu mekem umhiyesona:
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| i tumkem sukimayamtu kamsutu etopusumsumameyamtu tutu ekimpukime.
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| Impo Kasa tutuku yimpoputumam
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| I yimpoputumakem
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| sukimayamna pewaki imesu kamsutu etupusumtunakam
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| Impo Kasa yimpunemetuna.
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| Pomi pakeki ipomipunumam
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| sukimayamna samnikekem kamsutu etopusunakam
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| Impo Kasa eyepuwituna
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| Pomitu tutu ekimpukima.
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| The Polar Wind and the Sun wanted to find this: to whom was the power?
| |
| | |
| A traveler who was wrapped inside by means of a warm cloak approached.
| |
| | |
| The two agreed (spoke to each other in this):
| |
| | |
| To him who first makes the traveler remove his cloak is the power.
| |
| | |
| The Polar Wind blew hard strongly
| |
| | |
| but when he blew hard
| |
| | |
| the traveler made the cloak move towards his body and
| |
| | |
| The Polar Wind stopped blowing.
| |
| | |
| The Sun shone with heat and
| |
| | |
| the traveler quickly removed the cloak and
| |
| | |
| the Polar Wind had to acknowledge
| |
| | |
| that to the Sun was the power.
| |
| | |
| ===Analysis===
| |
| | |
| Impo Kasa Pomi-ni-0 e-i-uluwe-pu-te-na-n-a: pala-tu tutu e-kim-pu-ki-m-a-umo?
| |
| | |
| Polar Wind Sun-COM-NOM 3.IN-3.AN-find-SG-VOL-DIR.UP-PFV-POS.REALIS
| |
| | |
| who-DAT power 3.IN-to.be-SG-DIR.STATIONARY-IMPFV-Q
| |
| | |
| Sukimayam tum-na kamsutu-0 pakeke tum-ki emtu-ku
| |
| | |
| i-kim-pu-ki-m-a-ame-yam-na i-su-pu-tu-m-a.
| |
| | |
| Traveler INDEF-ERG cloak-ABS warm INDEF-INS inside-ADV
| |
| | |
| 3.AN-to.be-SG-DIR.STATIONARY-IMPFV-POS.REALIS-REL-NMNLZR-ERG
| |
| 3.AN-to.move-SG-DIR.TOWARDS-IMPFV-POS.REALIS
| |
| | |
| I-so-0 i-so-tu me-kem um-i-ye-so-n-a:
| |
| | |
| 3.AN-DU-NOM 3.AN-DU-DAT this-LOC REFL-3.AN-speak.PFV-DU-PFV-POS.REALIS
| |
| | |
| i-0 tum-kem sukimayam-tu kamsutu-0
| |
| | |
| e-i-to-pu-sum-su-m-e-ame-yam-tu tutu-0 e-kim-pu-ki-m-e.
| |
| | |
| 3.AN-NOM one-LOC traveler-DAT cloak-ABS
| |
| | |
| 3.IN-3.AN-to.remove-SG-CAUS-DIR.AWAY-IMPFV-IRREALIS-REL-NMNLZR-DAT
| |
| | |
| power-ABS 3.IN-to.be-SG-DIR.STATIONARY-IMPFV-IRREALIS.
| |
| | |
| Impo Kasa-0 tutu-ku i-impo-pu-tu-m-a-am
| |
| | |
| Polar Wind-NOM power-ADV 3.AN-to.blow.hard-SG-DIR.TOWARDS-IMPFV-POS.REALIS-COORDINATIVE
| |
| | |
| i-0 yimpoputumakem
| |
| | |
| 3.AN-NOM 3.AN-to.blow.hard-SG-DIR.TOWARDS-IMPFV-POS.REALIS-TEMP
| |
| | |
| sukimayam-na pewaki i-me-su kamsutu-0 e-i-tu-pu-sum-tu-n-a-ki-am
| |
| | |
| traveler-ERG body 3.AN-POSS-ALL cloak-ABS
| |
| | |
| 3.IN-3.AN-move.PFV-SG-DIR.TOWARDS-PFV-POS.REALIS-RESULT-COORDINATIVE
| |
| | |
| Impo Kasa-0 y-im-pu-neme-tu-n-a.
| |
| | |
| Polar Wind-NOM 3.AN-to.blow.hard-SG-TERM-DIR.TOWARDS-PFV-POS.REALIS
| |
| | |
| Pomi-0 pake-ki i-pomi-pu-nu-m-a-am
| |
| | |
| Sun-NOM heat-INS 3.AN-to.shine-SG-DIR.DOWN-IMPFV-POS.REALIS-COORDINATIVE
| |
| | |
| sukimayamna samni-ke-kem kamsutu-0 e-i-to-pu-su-n-a-ki-am
| |
| | |
| traveler-ERG time-DIM-LOC cloak-ABS
| |
| | |
| 3.AN-3.IN-to.remove-SG-DIR.AWAY-IMPFV-POS.REALIS-RESULT-COORDINATIVE
| |
| | |
| Impo Kasa-0 e-i-ye-pu-wi-tu-n-a
| |
| | |
| Polar Wind-NOM 3.IN-3.AN-speak.PFV-SG-NECESSITY-DIR.TOWARDS-PFV-POS.REALIS
| |
| | |
| Pomi-tu tutu-0 e-kim-pu-ki-m-a.
| |
| | |
| Sun-DAT power-ABS 3.IN-to.be-SG-DIR.STATIONARY-IMPFV-POS.REALIS
| |
| | |
| ==New Text==
| |
| Um tumna lu tupi lukelomesum sili susumsuyam Kumayamnelotutu etuputuna. Nimuku isupuyammu iya. Iya lu Atammesum Kiwasu samnike ituputuna. Im kekekem iya tutuku yimputamtumam iya tutuku yimputamsuma. Susumsuyam tumna ituki enampunam iya ya yikoputuna.
| |
| | |
| Susumsuyamna eyekena: "Pe susumsuyam leya luloya lu Atammesum yitupusumsuname pekimpukima. Letu mele leme Taniye Nusu ekimpukima. Petu mele pala?"
| |
| | |
| Um eyekena: "Letu mele leme Leyo Nusu. Yetam kutu me letu eyapu ekimpukima. Im lumekem yasakeku lekimpukima."
| |
| | |
| Taniye eyekena: "Emtu supuwitume.Lu mene emkim supusumwinume. Le petu saki pake elenupumam le petu elesupusumtuma."
| |
| | |
| | |
| Leyo silisu ituputunam Taniye ituki etampusummuna. Taniye saki pakeni yem isuputumakem Leyo itu eyekena: "Leya lo lenepiya sa yenakimsu sampukatuna. Mumnu pala sakikem ipetupusumnunamo? Pe Pem Nimulo Imlisum Siyesu epumlosumsunamo?"
| |
| | |
| A man reached the mission house from the spaceport, walking unsteadily. He had arrived very recently on Mars from Earth. In the thin air he huffed and puffed. A missionary opened the door and looked at him.
| |
| | |
| The missionary said: "You are the missionary whom the Fathers have sent from Earth. My name is Brother Daniel. What is your name?"
| |
| | |
| The man said: “My name is Brother Leo. I have an official report, bad news. In the atmosphere here I am a bit cold.”
| |
| | |
| Daniel said: “Come inside, sit down. I will make you tea and bring it to you.”
| |
| | |
| Leo entered the house and Daniel closed the door. When Daniel returned, Leo said to him: “Our mutual superiors have decided to remove you from mission work. How many have you baptized? Have you translated the Good News from English to Siye?”
| |
| | |
| ===Vocabulary===
| |
| | |
| um - man
| |
| | |
| tum – indefinite article
| |
| | |
| -na – nunated form of the ergative suffix
| |
| | |
| lu tupi luke-me – spaceport
| |
| | |
| lu – place
| |
| | |
| tupi luke – spaceship
| |
| | |
| tupi – bird
| |
| | |
| luke – world, planet
| |
| | |
| sili susumsuyam Kumayamnelotu- mission house
| |
| | |
| sili – house
| |
| | |
| susumsuyam Kumayamnelo – missionaries
| |
| | |
| susumsuyam – missionary
| |
| | |
| Kumayam – God; the Lord
| |
| | |
| etuputuna – he reached
| |
| | |
| nimuku – well (adverb)
| |
| | |
| isupuyammu – he did not walk
| |
| | |
| iya – he
| |
| | |
| lu Atammesum – from Earth
| |
| | |
| lu Atamme – Human's Land, Earth
| |
| | |
| Kiwa – Mars
| |
| | |
| samnike – a short time
| |
| | |
| ituputuna – he had arrived
| |
| | |
| im kekekem – in the thin air
| |
| | |
| im – air; breath; spirit
| |
| | |
| keke – small
| |
| | |
| tutuku – strongly
| |
| | |
| yimputamtumam – he continuously breathed out and …
| |
| | |
| yimputamtuma – he continuously breathed out
| |
| | |
| -(a)m – connective participle
| |
| | |
| yimputamsuma – he continuously breathed in
| |
| | |
| ituki – door
| |
| | |
| enampunam – he opened it
| |
| | |
| ya – him, accusative case
| |
| | |
| yikoputuna – he looked at him
| |
| | |
| eyekena – he said (it) [N.B.: the perfective aspect of 'to say' always takes the paucal suffix -ke- when a quote follows]
| |
| | |
| pe – you, nominative case
| |
| | |
| leya lulo – fathers; Fathers
| |
| | |
| leya lu – father
| |
| | |
| leya – male
| |
| | |
| yitupusumsuname - whom they have sent (who he/they have sent him)
| |
| | |
| yitupusumsuna – they have sent him
| |
| | |
| -(a)me – relative clause suffix
| |
| | |
| pekimpukima – you (sg) are
| |
| | |
| Letu mele leme … ekimpukima – my name is
| |
| | |
| letu – to me
| |
| | |
| le – I,me
| |
| | |
| -tu – dative case suffix
| |
| | |
| mele – name
| |
| | |
| -me – possessive case suffix
| |
| | |
| ekimpukima – it is
| |
| | |
| Taniye – Daniel
| |
| | |
| Nusu – Brother
| |
| | |
| Petu mele pala? - What is your name?
| |
| | |
| pala – what, who
| |
| | |
| Leyo Nusu – Brother Leo
| |
| | |
| yetam kutu me letu ekimpukima – I have this official report
| |
| | |
| yetam kutu – official report
| |
| | |
| yetam – stone
| |
| | |
| kutu – leader, to lead
| |
| | |
| letu – for me ( letu … I have)
| |
| | |
| eyapu – as a bad thing
| |
| | |
| eya – bad
| |
| | |
| -pu – equative case suffix
| |
| | |
| im lume – atmosphere
| |
| | |
| yasakeku – a little cold (adverbial)
| |
| | |
| yasake – a little cold
| |
| | |
| -ku – adverbial case suffix
| |
| | |
| yasa – cold; polar
| |
| | |
| -ke – diminutive suffix
| |
| | |
| emtu – inside (allative)
| |
| | |
| supuwitume – come inside (imperative)
| |
| | |
| lu mene emkim supusumwinume – sit down inside
| |
| | |
| lu mene emkim – inside (inside of this place)
| |
| | |
| emkim – inside (locative postposition); governs genitive case
| |
| | |
| lu mene – of this place
| |
| | |
| lu me – this place
| |
| | |
| -ne – genitive case suffix
| |
| | |
| me – this, that
| |
| | |
| supusumwinume – sit down inside (positive imperative)
| |
| | |
| saki pake – tea
| |
| | |
| saki – water
| |
| | |
| pake – hot
| |
| | |
| elenupumam – I shall make it and …
| |
| | |
| elenupuma – I shall make it
| |
| | |
| elesupusumtuma – I shall bring it
| |
| | |
| silisu ituputunam – he entered the house and ..
| |
| | |
| silisu – into the house
| |
| | |
| -su – allative case suffix
| |
| | |
| ituputuna – he entered
| |
| | |
| etampusummuna – he closed it (he/they caused it to not be open)
| |
| | |
| saki pakeni – with tea
| |
| | |
| -ni – comitative case suffix
| |
| | |
| Taniye yem isuputumakem – when Daniel returned …
| |
| | |
| yem isuputuma – he returned
| |
| | |
| -kem – when; temporal clause suffix
| |
| | |
| yem – again
| |
| | |
| isuputuma – he entered
| |
| | |
| itu – to him
| |
| | |
| leya lo lenepiya – our mutual Fathers
| |
| | |
| leya lo lenepi- - our mutual Fathers
| |
| | |
| -ya – iotated ergative case suffix
| |
| | |
| -pi- - inclusive number suffix
| |
| | |
| leya (lu) lo – Fathers
| |
| | |
| sa yenakimsu sampukatuna – they have decided to remove you from mission work
| |
| | |
| sa – you, accusative case
| |
| | |
| yenakimsu – from mission work
| |
| | |
| yenakim – mission work, place of writing
| |
| | |
| Mumnu pala sakikem ipetupusumnunamo? - How many have you baptized?
| |
| | |
| mumnu pala – what number?
| |
| | |
| sakikem ipetupusumnuna – you have baptized (caused to go under in the water)
| |
| | |
| sakikem – in the water
| |
| | |
| saki – water
| |
| | |
| -kem – locative case suffix
| |
| | |
| ipetupusumnunamo – have you caused him/them to go under?
| |
| | |
| ipetupusumnuna – you have caused him/them to go under
| |
| | |
| (a)mo – interrogative suffix
| |
| | |
| Pem Nimulo – Good News
| |
| | |
| pem – new
| |
| | |
| nimu – good
| |
| | |
| -lo – plural number suffix
| |
| | |
| Imlisum – from English
| |
| | |
| Imli – English
| |
|
| |
|
| -sum – ablative case suffix
| | =Texts and Vocabulary= |
|
| |
|
| Siyesu – into Siye
| | ==Texts== |
|
| |
|
| Siye – Siye | | [[Siye Texts]] |
|
| |
|
| -su - allative case suffix
| | ==Thematic Vocabulary== |
|
| |
|
| epumlosumsunamo – have you translated?
| | [[Siye Thematic Vocabulary]] |
|
| |
|
| epumlosumsuna – you have translated (you have caused it to change from)
| | =Guild of Scholars Docket= |
|
| |
|
| | [[Guild of Scholars Docket]] |
|
| |
|
| [[Category: Conlangs]] | | [[Category: Conlangs]] |
| [[Category:A priori conlangs]] | | [[Category:A priori conlangs]] |
