Sounds of Old Adpihi
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Proto-Adpihi's Consonants
Most of Proto-Adpihi's consonants, like all of Old and Middle Adpihi's and Reptigan's consonants, were on an egressive pulmonic airstream.
Pulmonic Consonants
Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
Plosive | p b | t̪ d̪ | t d | c | k ɡ | ʔ | |||||
Nasal | m | n̪ | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||||
Trill | r | ||||||||||
Tap or Flap | ɽ | ||||||||||
Fricative | f v | θ | s z | ʃ ʒ | x | h | |||||
Lateral fricative | |||||||||||
Approximant | β̞ | j | |||||||||
Lateral approximant | l |
Proto-Adpihi apparently had one ejective consonant.
Non-pulmonic Consonants
Clicks | Voiced Implosives | Ejectives |
kʼ Velar | ||
Also there were, apparently; kʰ pʰ t̠ʃ d̠ʒ
Old Adpihi's Consonants
All of Old and Middle Adpihi's and Reptigan's consonants, were on an egressive pulmonic airstream.
Pulmonic Consonants
Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
Plosive | p b | t̪ d̪ | t d | c | k ɡ | ʔ | |||||
Nasal | m | n̪ | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||||
Trill | r | ||||||||||
Tap or Flap | ɽ | ||||||||||
Fricative | f v | θ | s z | ʃ | x | h | |||||
Lateral fricative | |||||||||||
Approximant | β̞ | j | |||||||||
Lateral approximant | l |
Old and Middle Adpihi had no ejective consonants.
Old and Middle Adpihi had no aspirated consonants, nor any affricates.
Old Adpihi's Vowels
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |||
Close | i | u | |||
Close-mid | |||||
ɛ̝ | ɔ̝ | ||||
Open-mid | |||||
Open | ɐ̞ |