Senjecas - pass

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Pronunciation table

peműko
(labial)
riisűko
(dental)
muitűko
(alveolar)
vainűko
(palatal)
ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प)
nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
b f v m t d þ ð ɫ l ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š i e a ɔ o u ı ɛ y
म़ ल़ स़ क़ ग़ स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी
ए एै
पे पै
अ आ
प पा
ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ
ओ औ
पो पौ
उ ऊ
पु पू
पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive
(an unmarked modifying adjective)
DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive


Verb

  • 1. To move or be moved from one place to another.
  • nűxa, 1. t.v. pass, proceed-, go-, -on. 2. i.v. proceed, pass, go ahead.
  • The hostess passed through the room without speaking to us.
  • ई-रू॓म्लु म़ु॔स् ओ स॓म़ु स॔न ते॓रोम् स्वौ॔ध ए-नु॓क़॥
  • ii-rűűmlu m̃úm o sa̋m̃u sána te̋rom šóóða e-nűxa:
ii=rűűm-l-u m̃-úm o sa̋m̃-u sána te̋r-om šóóða e=nűx-a
F=extend.hospitality-AG-N.s 1p-G to speak-SUP withou room-A.s through PST=pass-IND


  • 2. To go past, by, over, or through; to proceed from one side to the other of; to move past.
  • műla, 1. t.v. pass (by), overtake. 2. i.v. pass by
  • Pass the house on the right, then turn left.
  • त॓ल्थो म़ै॓सोम् मु॓ले पो॔सु म़॔स्थिम् सु॓के॥
  • ta̋ɫþo m̃e̋e̋som műle. pósu m̃ásþim sűke:
ta̋ɫ=þo-Ø m̃e̋e̋s-om műl-e pósu m̃ás=þim sűk-e
on.the.right=LOC-ABS house-A.s pass-IMP then left=LAT turn-IMP


  • 3. To cause to move or go; to send; to transfer from one person, place, or condition to another.
  • ge̋na, 1. t.v. convey, transport, transfer, relay, pass; hand-, -on, -down. 2. i.v. transfer.
  • Please pass the butter to your sister.
  • तु-स्वेसु॓स् दोगु॓र्होम् गेने॓य॥
  • tu-šesűs do gűrhom gene̋ȝa:
tu=šes-űs do gűrh-om gen-e̋ȝa
your=sister-G.s to butter-A.s pass-SBJ


  • 4. To depart, to cease, to come to an end.
  • de̋usa, 1. t.v. cease, stop, discontinue, terminate, desist-, refrain-, keep-, -from, leave off, drop out of, give up, quit, turn-, shut-, -off. 2. i.v. cease, stop, discontinue, drop out, break [fever].
  • If you drink this medicine, the nausea will pass.
  • ए॔बि तु इ-य॓क़्त्विम् तौये॓य तोअ॔रि फु॓यो उ-दे॓उस॥
  • ébi tu i-ȝa̋xt̬im pooȝe̋ȝa. toári fűȝo u-de̋usa:
ébi t-u i=ȝa̋xt̬-im pooȝ-e̋ȝa toári fűȝ-o u=de̋us-a
if 2s-N this=medicine-A.s drink-SBJ then nausea-N.s FUT=stop-IND


  • 5. To die.
  • ne̋ṡa, i.v. die; die-, fade-, -away
  • His grandmother passed quietly yesterday morning.
  • ए॔यु-अ॓नु हेसय॓ऽ सआ॔म्भि ए-ने॓स॥
  • éȝu-a̋nu hesaȝa̋' sáámvi e-ne̋ṡa:
éȝu=a̋n-u hes.aȝ-a̋-' sáám=vi e=ne̋ṡ-a
his=grandmother-N.s yester.day-G.s-ELIS quiet=ADV PST=die-IND


  • 6. To achieve a successful outcome from.
  • m̨űma, 1. t.v. result in, pass [test], come to. 2. i.v. do s.th. right, come about, succeed, manage, turn out to be, work (out).
  • He wasn't sure that he could pass the test.
  • ए॔यु ए॔युस् स॓पोमऺ म्यु॓मु म॓ग़ु ए-कि॓स ने॥
  • éȝu éȝum sa̋pomɛ m̨űmu ma̋ƣu e-kı̋sa ne:
éȝ-u éȝ-um sa̋p-om=ɛ m̨űm-u ma̋ƣ-u e=kı̋s-a ne
3-N.s 3-A.s test-A.s=EP pass-SUP be.able-SUP PST=be.sure-IND not


  • 7. To progress from one state to another; to advance.
  • ba̋ża, 1. t.v. advance, bring-, move-, -forward, further, forward, accelerate; make earlier, hasten. 2. i.v. advance, move forwards.
  • Having passed the exam, he passed to the next grade.
  • ve̋uðomɛ mym̨űmaþu da̋ganta dı̋ı̋tam do e-nűxa:
ve̋uð-om=ɛ my~m̨űm-a-þ-u da̋g-a-nta-Ø dı̋ı̋t-am do e=nűx-a
exam-A.s=EP EL~pass-IND-PP-N.s follow-IND-AP-ABS grade-A.s to PST=pass-IND


  • 8. To spend time.
  • Noun of time used as a verb.
  • a. a̋ha, day.
  • Let's spend the day at the beach.
  • m̃ús k̨udős éna ahe̋ȝa:
m̃-ús k̨ud-ős éna ah-e̋ȝa
1p-V beach-G.s at spend.the.day-SBJ


  • b. he̋ma, winter.
  • We spent the winter (wintered) in the valley.
  • m̃us leðős éna e-he̋ma:
m̃-us leð-ős éna e=he̋m-a
1p-N valley-G.s in PST=winter-IND


  • 9. To happen.
  • e̋ba, 1. t.v. light upon, befall, bechance, happen to, become of, behave towards, betide. 2. i.v. befall, happen, bechance, come-, -to pass, -about, -up, fall out, take place, occur, betide, transpire.
  • My memory of what passed that day is vague.
  • mu-żűűmo nós túȝa—táo a-aha̋s e-e̋ba—ne̋vo vűűa:
mu=żűűm-o n-ós túȝa tá-o a=ah-a̋s e=e̋b-a ne̋v-o vűű-a
my=memory-N.s that-G.s concerning which-N.s that=day-G.s PST=happen-IND vague-N.s be-IND


  • 10. To obtain the formal sanction of a legislative body.
  • þőra, 1. t.v. legislate, pass [a law], enact [into law]. 2. i.v. legislate.
  • The city council passed a law against vagrancy.
  • rííaul̤ı̋ȝu ɫeðra̋s þóósa þőrom e-þőra:
ríí.aul-l-ı̋ȝ-u ɫeðr-a̋s þóósa þőr-om e=þőr-a
city.advise-AG-COL-N.s vagrancy-G.s against law-A.s PST=pass-IND


Noun

  • 11. An opening, road, or track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier such as a mountain range.
  • kana̋vo, pass, defile, passageway.
  • The pass through the jungle needs to be cleared again.
  • ka̋a̋nom šóóða kana̋vo náánu f̨űsaþo ı̋lu ı̋ı̋ƣa:
ka̋a̋n-om šóóða kana̋v-o náánu f̨űs-a-þ-o ı̋l-u ı̋ı̋ƣ-a
jungle-A.s through pass-N.s again clear-IND-PP-N.s become-SUP need-IND


  • 12. A document granting permission to pass or to go and come.
  • he̋no, permit, ticket, pass.
  • He asked for a pass to enter the building.
  • éȝu de̋mom tı̋ru tááda he̋nom e-ı̋ga:
éȝ-u de̋m-om tı̋r-u tááda he̋n-om e=ı̋g-a
3s-N building-A.s enter-SUP in.order.to pass-A.s PST=ask.for-IND


Senjecas - poor