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Pronunciation table

peműko (labial)								riisűko (dental)								muitűko (alveolar)								vainűko (palatal)							ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ı	ɛ	y
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै पे पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	Q = interrogative particle	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	QUOT = direct quotation	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

Verb

• 1. ka̋a - t.v. like, be fond of, go in for
• I like hearing the sound of the surf.
• मु कूम्ननऻम् स्वे॓नोम् भे॓नु क॓अ॥
• mu kuumnanőm še̋nom ve̋nu ka̋a:

m-u	kuum.nan-őm	še̋n-om	ve̋n-u	ka̋-a
1s-N	wave.flower-G.p	sound-A.s	hear-SUP	like-IND

• 2. m̃e̋ṡa - t.v. want, desire
• I don't like to disturb him when he's sleeping.
• मु ए॓युम् स़॓गु म़े॓च ने—ते॔नि स्वे॓प॥
• mu éȝum za̋gu m̃e̋ṡa ne—téni še̋pa:

m-u	éȝ-um	za̋g-u	m̃e̋ṡ-a	ne	téni	še̋p-a
1s-N	3-A.s	disturb-SUP	like-IND	not	when	sleep-IND

• 3. ne̋la - t.v. prefer, better, would rather
• She likes to burn a candle throughout the night.
• ए॔यु लआ॓तम् यआ॓कोम् अ॓इधु ने॓ल॥
• éȝu la̋a̋tam ȝa̋a̋kom a̋iðu ne̋la:

éȝ-u	la̋a̋t-am	ȝa̋a̋k-om	a̋ið-u	ne̋l-a
3-N.s	night-A.s	candle-A.s	burn-SUP	like-IND

Noun

• 4. ne̋lras - preferences
• Your likes are too strange for me.
• मतुगे॓ल्रस् मुस् ओ के॔थु स़े॓बस् ए॓स॥
• tu-ne̋lras mús o kéþu ze̋bas e̋sa:

tu=ne̋lr-as	m-ús	o	kéþu	ze̋b-as	e̋s-a
your=like-N.p	1s-G	for	too	strange-N.p	be-IND

• 5. pa̋fo - type, sort, kind
• We'll never see his like again!
• म़ुस् एयु-प॓फोम् नआ॔नु उ-न॓क नेते॔नु॥
• m̃us eȝu-pa̋fom náánu u-na̋ka neténu:

m̃-us	eȝu=pa̋f-om	náánu	u=na̋k-a	ne.ténu
1p-N	his=like-A.s	again	FUT=see-IND	not.time

Adjective

• 6. gőþi - similar
• You and I have like minds about this matter.
• तुक्वे मुक्वे इ-योभ्र॓स् तु॔य गो॓थ मे॓इन्रन् उ॓द॥
• tuk̬e muk̬e i-ȝovra̋s túȝa gőþa me̋inran űda:

t-u=k̬e	m-u=k̬e	i=ȝovr-a̋s	túȝa	gőþa-Ø	me̋inr-an	űd-a
2s-N=and	1s-N=and	this=matter-G.s	in	like-ABS	mind-A.p	have-IND

Conjunction

• 7. fééri - as if, as though
• She looks like she's seen a ghost.
• ए॔यु क॓य। फै॔रि क्य॓मुम् नंनके॓य॥
• éȝu ka̋ȝa. fééri k̨a̋mum nınake̋ȝa:

éȝ-u	ka̋ȝ-a	fééri	k̨a̋m-um	nı~nak-e̋ȝa
3-N.s	look-IND	as.if	ghost-A.s	PRF~see-SBJ

• 8. móódi - as
• She treats him like a king.
• ई-ए॔यु रैग़ुम् मौ॔दि उर्-ए॔युस् नि॓ध॥
• ii-éȝu re̋e̋ƣumɛ móódi ur-éȝum nı̋ða:

ii-éȝu	re̋e̋ƣ-um=ɛ	móódi	ur=éȝ-um	nı̋ð-a
F=3-N.s	king-A.s-EPEN	as	M=3-A.s	treat-IND

Postposition

• 9. fééri u-vűűla - as if there will be
• It looks like a lot of snow this winter.
• ka̋ja. fééri me̋e̋o tőm̃o i-he̋mam u-vuule̋ja:

ka̋j-a	fééri	me̋e̋o-Ø	tőm̃-o	i=he̋m-am	u=vűűl-a
look-IND	as.if	much-ABS	snow-N.s	this=winter-A.s	FUT=there.be-IND

• 10. góþa - similar to, reminiscent of
• Her eyes were blue like sapphires.
• एयु-त्व॓लोस् कौ॓क़ोस् द्विनो॓स् गो॔थ ए-ए॓स॥
• eȝu-t̬a̋los kőőxos d̬inőm góþa e-e̋sa:

eȝu=t̬a̋l-os	kőőx-os	d̬in-őm	góþa	e-e̋s-a
her=eye-N.p	blue-N.p	sapphire-G.p	like	PST-be-IND

• 11. móóda - in the manner of, similar to
• Don't act like a fool!
• तु॔ मौतु॓स् मौ॔दि ले॓इदे मै
• tú mootűs móóda le̋ide ze:

t-ú	moot-űs	móóda	le̋id-e	ze
2s-V	fool-G.s	like	act-IMP	not

• 12. sóma - such as
• I'm not fond of fruits like apples.
• मु अबेलो॓म् सो॔म् म॓लोन् क॓अ ने।
• mu abelőm sóma ma̋a̋lon ka̋a ne:

m-u	abel-őm	sóma	ma̋a̋l-on	ka̋-a	ne
1s-N	apple-G.p	like	fruit-A.p	be.fond.of-IND	not

• 13. xáṡa - typical of
• It's just like him to leave without saying good-bye.
• सुरे॓इधे ल़ै॓लु स॔न भि॓दु एयु॔स् क़॔स ए॓स॥
• sure̋iðe ɫe̋e̋lu sána vı̋du eȝús xáṡa e̋sa:

sure̋iðe	ɫe̋e̋l-u	sána	vı̋d-u	eȝ-ús	xáṡa	e̋s-a
farewell	wish-SUP	without	leave-SUP	3-G.s	typical.of	be-IND

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