noun phrases
The basic noun phrase in Kala is PREPOSITION DETERMINER NOUN DESCRIPTIVE-VERB RELATIVE-CLAUSE. Depending on context, this is fairly predominant with a few exceptions
Adpositions
locative prepositions
|
noi |
at, on, in
|
seu |
from
|
at'eu |
towards, into, onto
|
liteu |
inside
|
besoi |
near, next to
|
bêboi |
above, on top of
|
k'eulag |
under
|
moldoi |
in front of
|
p'okeu |
behind, beyond
|
ntots |
all around
|
temporal prepositions
|
hoi |
during
|
maga |
before
|
bisoi |
after
|
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âg |
genitive (possessor, source), agentive (in passive constructions, like English "by"), initiative ("since")
|
wau |
benefactive (purpose), "for", "concerning", "with respect to"
|
nte |
adverbial (manner, as in "he sent it with love")
|
um |
compositive (like 'a pile of bricks')
|
ngu |
appositive, essive ("as")
|
kwen |
comitative ("with")
|
al |
abessive ("without"), "besides", "except for"
|
puk |
"per", "for each"
|
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sa |
elative ("from out of")
|
nai |
inessive ("in")
|
anda |
illative ("into")
|
uwa |
ablative ("from", "from near", "after")
|
ob |
adessive ("at", "near to")
|
isla |
allative ("to", "towards", "before"/"by" for time)
|
nggairit |
terminative ("as far as", "as much as", "until")
|
rambe |
prolative, prosecutive ("along", "via", "during")
|
mbembu |
interessive ("between", "among")
|
lita |
("throughout")
|
ntatsn |
("surrounding", "all around")
|
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