Kala/lexicon/theme

anatomy

• anta - breathe; suck in; absorb; inhale
• sana - health; hygiene; welfare
• pasa - nausea; feel sick; disgust
• anka - pelvis; hip joint
• kaho - operculum; a covering flap [of skin]
• hatsu - fever; temperature; pyrexia
• asua - hide; pelt; skin; fur; leather
• samya - exhale; blow; puff
• keha - body [human]; health; anatomy
• pese - gland
• tlempe - lymphatic fluid; lymph
• tseno - thigh; crotch
• ika - age; generation
• sila - arteries; veins; blood vessel
• tima - bleed; blood
• sipi - acne; pimple; zit; wart
• niku - muscle; tendon
• siua - nerve; bundle of neurons
• komi - allergic; allergy
• oso - genitalia; groin
• sohua - digest; digestion; digestive
• uha - anus; buttock
• suepa - blister; bleb [watery blister]
• hueta - testicle
• ueso - bone
• muetlo - sweat; perspiration
• pyeta - egg; ovum; spawn
• pyoki - disease; ill; sick
• saka - gender; sex
• oha - gape; yawn; open one's mouth
• yetlo - malnourished and sickly in appearance
• yela - fart; talk nonsense; rubbish! [euphemism]

appendages

• puatli - calf [of the leg]
• tapo - shoulder; upper arm
• tila - finger; indicate; toe
• topi - ankle bone; ankle
• nema - knee; patella
• nehe - fingernail; toenail; scratch
• sonyo - wrist
• sotla - foot; heel
• sune - shin
• tsiue - elbow
• tsopua - ulna (anatomy); bone of the forearm
• ile - hollow at the back of the knee
• ute - arm; armpit; forearm
• yato - hand; palm
• yaka - appendage; leg; limb

head

• puaka - forehead; skull; temples
• kaue - chin; jaw [look at sb]
• kipa - gums; inner mouth
• myeka - neck; throat; voice
• nyase - eyelashes
• senu - hair
• suha - mouth; taste; tongue
• hyesu - esophagus
• tsaua - complexion; looks; appearance of one's face
• tsihyo - discharge of the eyes; rheum
• tsila - lip; outer mouth
• tsupa - saliva; spit
• tlasi - cough [up]
• tlihya - beard; mustache
• ampi - mucus; snot
• ampu - nose; smell
• ana - brain; head; mind
• anu - ear; hear; listen
• anya - eye; look; see
• yatsi - bite; chew; tooth
• yetsa - cry; tear; weep
• yoho - eyelid; flitter; blink
• yotsa - cheek; face

torso

• panue - colon (large intestine)
• petso - abdomen; belly; stomach
• pito - navel; belly button
• poko - bladder; urinate; urine
• puha - lung
• kotsu - clavicle; collarbone
• kupi - nipple; teat [on baby's bottle]
• monto - trunk; torso
• moyo - heart; mind; centre; core
• muta - back; spine; dorsal; vertebrae
• mune - breast; chest; cleavage
• sikyo - womb; placenta; uterus
• hyeku - kidney
• ate - liver [organ]
• uata - intestine; bowel; guts
• uenku - spleen
• yo'i - rib; ribcage

animals

insects

• piyo - bee; honeybee
• pyoho - flea; mite; tick
• kupe - arthropod; tick
• kupu - butterfly
• kute - bite; sting [of insect]
• metse - cricket; grasshopper
• nase - arachnid; spider
• nyamu - mosquito; fly; gnat
• nyolo - ant; insect
• sani - wasp
• seko - scorpion
• hotso - roach; cockroach
• hyesua - beetle
• tsati - hornet
• tsunka - bug; insect; worm
• tlakua - cricket; slug; snail
• a'i - worm
• uese - louse
• yotsu - grub; larva

from the water

• pite - manatee; walrus
• poka - seal; pinniped
• pukue - blowfish; puffer
• puetsa - mantis; octopus
• tepu - scales [of fish]
• tona - tuna
• kehe - shark
• kutsi - prawn; shrimp
• kuami - eel; water snake
• kye'u - gills of fish
• mpoka - squid; ink fish; cuttlefish
• molo - cod
• nkahi - molluscs; crustaceans; echinoderms
• nyanku - whale
• simpu - clam; mussel; oyster
• tsinti - stingray
• tlinka - herring
• tlohi - salmon; trout
• ahe - dolphin; porpoise
• eua - fin [of a fish]
• ole - crust; husk; shell
• uatsi - fish

winged

• tanka - eagle; falcon; hawk
• ala - wing
• tsatle - crane; egret; heron
• hapi - dove; pigeon
• mano - chicken; fowl; poultry
• pato - duck; male prostitute (slang)
• kapyo - gull; seagull
• peka - bat [animal]
• mpelo - buzzard
• si'i - crow; raven
• tsiti - sparrow
• hinti - turkey
• mpiko - black eagle; condor; vulture
• inko - macaw; parrot; puffin
• tsikua - avian; bird
• tsikya - chirp or peep (onomatopoeia); birdsong
• tloma - feather; plumage; plume
• sono - partridge
• oku - owl
• husa - goose; swan
• mpuni - ostrich
• pyotsi - tail or caudal fin or feathers

clothing

• puku - attire; clothes; wear
• nampa - blouse; shirt; vest
• taki - coat; jacket; robe
• solo - socks; stockings; tights
• sapa - boot; footwear; shoe
• opi - belt; sash; strap
• haka - drawers; pants; trousers
• motsi - bag; pouch; sack
• tsukua - tassel; ribbon; bow
• tsesa - apron
• tsosi - silk
• tsili - tailor; to make clothes
• tlipa - ascot; cravat; necktie
• oyo - bead; small round object; pearl
• yasi - cosmetics; makeup
• yole - zip; zipper
• kasa - bamboo; parasol; umbrella
• anti - suspenders; garters; strap; sling
• pano - cloth; woven material; textiles
• palo - cane; staff; walking stick
• menka - cotton
• pesa - bolt of cloth
• mitli - suit; tunic; tuxedo
• tlinku - clink of jewels; tinkling of gem-pendants
• niye - undergarment; underwear
• kona - dress; skirt
• ntoka - button; fasten; knot
• hola - cloth; towel; headscarf

basic verbs

• muya - cause; do; make [CAUS]
• a - exist; be; yes
• yoha - have; possess [POSS]; genitive [GEN]
• pala - can; may; possible; able to
• neya - ought to; suggest [SUG]
• yaso - prepare; get/be ready
• ueha - desire; want; wish [VOL]
• ueyo - intend; intent; intention [VOL]
• ela - become; change into; turn into
• tse'e - appear; seem
• myonta - allow; permit [PERM]
• ketsa - doubt; suspicion [dubitative DUB]
• upya - attempt; try [ATT]
• toho - assert; claim; state
• kume - cancel; repeal; undo
• mula - begin; initial; start
• nkoso - continue; proceed; progressive [PROG]
• opua - end; finish; complete [PFV]

colors

• ketla - red
• kinya - silver; coins
• kitsa - dark; darkly; darkness
• kono - gray; stone; ash
• kuya - green; foliage; verdant
• malo - brown
• mono - blonde; fair
• nila - blue
• nyahi - white; snow
• nyeli / elila - pink; rose
• nyome - beige; tan; khaki
• sahi (-si) - color; hue; shade
• tsalo - clear; transparent
• tsenka - orange
• tlila - purple
• akai (-kai) - deep red
• aoya - deep blue
• ola - gold
• oya - black
• yana - yellow

family

• tlika - family; clan; kin
• ntaha - ancestor; elder
• nata - relative; family member

• tlaka - man; male
• naka - woman; female

• tlaya - marry; marriage; wed
  • -ya - in-law; related by marriage
• ntaya - spouse
• taya - husband
• naya - wife

• tsonta - teenager; adolescent
• nta'i - baby; infant

	nata (nta) relative	tlaka (ta) male	naka (na) female
hya-	hyanta grandparent	hyata grandfather	hyana grandmother
o-	onta parent	ota father	ona mother
ue-	uenta parent's sibling	ueta uncle	uena aunt
-ku	ntaku sibling	taku brother	naku sister
-hi	ntahi child	tahi son	nahi daughter
-hya	ntahya grandchild	tahya grandson	nahya granddaughter
-ue	ntaue cousin	taue (male) cousin	naue (female) cousin
-hue	ntahue nibling	tahue nephew	nahue niece

food

• ina - eat; food; sustenance
• kutsu - flesh; meat
• hyota - juice
• tsala - dip; paste; sauce
• tsa'i [tsai] - tea [leaves; plant]
• kaua - coffee
• poma - apple [fruit; tree; color]
• ahya - potato; yam
• nyoma - rice
• nyoki - dumpling; pot-sticker
• tsuama - sandwich; wrap
• tiya - bread; make bread
• aho - chives; garlic; leak
• pima - buttermilk
• mputsa - cheese
• supye - butter; cream; extract
• hyali - dairy; milk
• ale - barley; oats; wheat
• ami - amylum; starch
• panu - pastry; steamed bun; cake
• tekyo - dough; noodle; pasta
• pinka - biscuit; cookie; cracker
• pitsa - pancake; pizza
• moka - flour; wheat; white-faced
• tloke - rye [Secale cereale]
• kopo - fermentation; yeast
• ku'u - cereal; grain

• matla - broth; casserole; soup
• nkapa - alcohol; ale; beer
• tlasa - honey; nectar
• kale - legume
• kani - sausage
• tsaki - chewing gum
• napya - wine
• seto - olive
• sento - leftovers [food]; salad
• tsemu - jam; marmalade
• tsini - sugar; sugarcane
• ipu - dried meat; preserved fruit
• kisue - soda water
• hoka - custard; pudding
• sole - gelatin; jelly
• polo - hops; seed cones
• soho - crop; harvest
• tsoko - cacao; chocolate
• nokye - agriculture
• muena - clams and crabs; seafood
• huetla - peanut
• tsupu - mead [honey wine]
• tsuhu - candy; dessert; sweets
• hyala - cucumber
• nyotlo - nut; seed

spices

• pani - vanilla; vanilla extract [fruit; tree; color]
• penyo - hot pepper; jalapeño; chili; paprika
• puti - mint; spearmint
• kyetsa - mustard; wasabi
• kyonko - flavoring; seasoning; spice
• miku - garlic chives; leek
• nkeli - cassia or cinnamon
• setsi - sage
• suka - acid; sour; vinegar
• heki - oregano [plant/flavor]
• tsi'a - paprika; pepper
• asi - salt
• utsi - parsley

vegetables

• pamya - okra
• tapyo - cassava [leaves]
• tiko - clove [Eugenia aromatica]
• tohi - broccoli; cauliflower
• tohu - bean; pea
• kanka - corn; maize
• kopa - fungi; mushroom
• mante - asparagus
• nkiye - vegetables
• napo - turnip
• noho - chickpea; garbanzo; hummus
• haue - carrot; radish
• husu - artichoke
• tletsu - lettuce
• tlotsi - chives; onion; scallions
• apyo - celery
• ua'a - spinach
• ueke - lentil
• yotli - gourd; melon; squash

house

• tsaka - house; residence; reside
• kato - two story building
• yapo - build; erect; assemble
• huata - shelf; stair
• kuta - fence; wall
• topo - door; entrance; gate
• tatsa - basin; wide-mouthed jar or pot
• pata - tile; brick
• sala - chamber; room; section
• katsa - glass; windshield; window
• tapa - lid; top; cover; canopy; roof; ceiling
• patlo - broom; brush; sweep
• tasu - cushion; mat; pad
• kahu - furniture
• tanye - carpet; mat; rug
• kahyo - porcelain; ceramic
• tenta - curtain; partition; screen
• petsi - basement; cellar
• teko - bottle; pitcher; vase
• topa - bed; couch; mattress
• uetse - toilet; outhouse; WC

movement

• aka - to drive; to move slightly; to shift
• yala - to walk; to go; to travel
• tala - to return; to come [back]; to arrive
• empa - to run; to flee
• mase - to dance; move to music; to flicker [flame]
• tatsi - to stand; to set up; to establish
• sima - to sit; to take a seat
• pyola - to rotate; to revolve; to spin; to whirl
• tlaha - to leave; to depart
• tipua - to decline; to drop; to fall
• topu - to jump; to bounce; to hop
• tapya - to follow; to accompany
• kyehu - to have a moment of leisure; to take a break
• moku - to rest; to sleep
• nkoma - to raise; to hoist; to rise
• hika - to wait; to wait for
• tlina - to stop; to halt; to cease
• ila - to sail; to fly; to navigate
• yoko - to swim; to wade
• emyo - to walk in an awkward, drunken fashion
• inka - to be still; calm; quiet; not moving
• tsimpa - to be lame; move with difficulty
• titsua - to swagger; walk with a wide stance
• kuetso - to stroll; to amble; to walk leisurely

music

• tlapa - horn; wind instrument
• apua - sing; song
• metla - flute; sound of wind; whistle
• koto - drum beat; rhythm
• uetla - an upright drum
• myali - symphony; orchestra
• pyano - piano
• kanu - stringed instrument
• maka - music; play ~; tune
• epye - scrape; scratch; play something (using a bow)
• uase - harmonize; harmonious; harmony
• sile - bell; sounding of a bell as a signal
• koti - beat a ~; drum; rhythm

nature

• maua - flower; plant
• ito - tree; wood
• moli - forest; trees
• naha - creek; river; stream
• muana - ocean; sea
• puna - dirt; earth; land; soil; mud
• kata - essence; nature; universe
• kaya - earth; planet; world
• yama - mountain; hill
• ilo - cave; cavern
• sanka - delta [geography]
• patla - field; pasture; plain
• pana - rain; rainy
• sama - sun; star; solar; stellar
• take - scenery; scene; landscape; view
• tani - gully; ravine; valley
• tsamo - reef; coral reef; shoal rock
• masu - countryside; areas outside the city
• nampu - fountain; spring
• pa'u - tree bark
• maya - fluid; water; wet
• pakyo - storm; violent commotion
• heka - cliff; rock face
• sela - waterfall; cascade; heavy rain
• tsene - lightning; thunderbolt
• pele - volcano; volcanic

numbers

• ye'o - zero; 0
• na'o - one; 1
• ta'o - two; 2
• ha'o - three; 3
• ma'o - four; 4
• ya'o - five; 5
• tsa'o - six; 6
• ka'o - seven; 7
• pa'o - eight; 8
• sa'o - nine; 9
• ue'o - ten; 10
• nye'o - hundred; 100
• tle'o - thousand; 1000
• mue'o - ten thousand; 10^4
• kye'o - hundred thousand; 10^5
• nte'o - million; 10^6
• hue'o - billion; 10^9

higher numbers

• uena'o - eleven / 11
• taue'o - twenty / 20
• nyeka'o - one hundred seven / 107
• hanyetauetsa'o (long form) | hatatsa'o (short form) - three hundred twenty six / 326
• tsatletauema'o - six thousand and twenty four / 6024

ordinals, negatives, fractions etc.

• ki- - ordinal prefix

Example : kisa'o - ninth (in a sequence)

Example : kiyanyepa'o - 508^th

• ti- - multiple prefix

Example : tisa'o - nine times

Example : tiyanyepa'o - 508 times

• i- - fractional prefix

Example : isa'o - a ninth, 1/9

Example : iha'o pa'oyo - three eighths, 3/8

• -k - negative/subtractive suffix

Example : sa'ok - negative nine (-9)

Example : ue'o ma sa'ok na'o a - 10 and -9 is 1

time

• sanya - second [of time]
• punu - minute [of time]
• tsima - hour; o'clock; time
• yoma - day; daytime
• yomua - dawn; daybreak; morning [a.m.]
• yotso - midday; noon
• puama - afternoon; dusk; evening [p.m.]
• yohua - night; nighttime
• huatso - midnight
• sema - week [7 days]
• sayo - calendar month
• muasa - season
• kueta - spring [season]
• natsu - summer
• aki - autumn; fall
• neku - winter
• anyo - year [365/366 days]
• uenyo - decade; era; period
• nyema - century
• tlenyo - millennium
• atli - future; future tense [FUT]
• aye - past; past tense [PST]
• sayoma - calendar; date

seasons

• muasa - season
• kueta - spring (rainy season)
• natsu - summer (dry season)
• aki - autumn; fall (harvest season)
• neku - winter (snowy season)

toponyms

• yolopa - Europe
  • palansa - France
  • amenya - Germany
  • itali - Italy

• ameyo kita - North America
  • kanata - Canada
  • mehiko - Mexico
  • tlihanya ameyo - USA

• asiya - Asia
  • nihono - Japan
  • tsunkuya - China
  • tlosiya - Russia
  • apuha - Afghanistan

• apuka - Africa
  • kemeta - Egypt
  • konkoya - Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • maliha - Mali

• otlali - Australia