Phonology
Consonants
|
Bilabial |
Labiodental |
Dental |
Alveolar |
Postalveolar |
Palatal |
Velar |
Uvular
|
| Plosive
|
/p/ /b/ |
|
/t/ /d/ |
|
|
|
/k/ /g/ |
/q/ /ɢ/
|
| Affricate
|
|
|
|
/ts/ |
/tʃ/ |
|
|
|
| Nasal
|
/m/ |
|
/n/ |
|
|
|
|
|
| Trill
|
|
|
/r/ |
|
|
|
|
|
| Fricative
|
/ɸ/ |
|
/θ/ |
/s/ |
/ʃ/ |
|
/x/ |
/χ/
|
| Approximant
|
|
/ʋ/ |
|
|
|
/j/ |
|
|
| Lateral Approximant
|
|
|
/l/ |
|
|
|
|
|
Vowels
|
Front |
Central |
Back
|
| Close
|
/i/ /y/ |
|
/u/
|
| Open-mid
|
/ɛ/ /œ/ |
|
/ɔ/
|
| Open
|
|
/a/ |
|
Stress
Stress always occurs on the first syllable.
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Noun Class
There are three noun classes in Dosari: humans/animals (NC1), plants/insects (NC2), and inanimate objects/abstract ideas (NC3). These classes deal with what the word is referring to and not what sounds the word contains or ends with.
Article
There are three articles in Dosari: definite (DEF), partitive (PART), and negative (NEG). When there is no article attached to a noun, it is assumed to be indefinite. Articles agree only in noun class and are all suffixes added after any declension a noun might undergo.
Definite
|
ending in a vowel |
ending in a consonant
|
| NC1
|
-n |
-an
|
| NC2
|
-m |
-am
|
| NC3
|
-g |
-ag
|
Partitive
|
ending in a consonant |
ending in a front vowel |
ending in a back vowel
|
| NC1
|
-uni |
-ʋuni |
-juni
|
| NC2
|
-umi |
-ʋumi |
-jumi
|
| NC3
|
-ugi |
-ʋugi |
-jugi
|
Negative
|
ending in a consonant cluster or fricative |
ending in anything else
|
| NC1
|
-sa |
-s
|
| NC2
|
-sa |
-s
|
| NC3
|
-sa |
-s
|
Number
There are three numbers in Dosari: singular (SG), dual (DL), and plural (PL).
Case
There are ten cases in Dosari: nominative (NOM), accusative (ACC), genitive (GEN), dative (DAT), locative (LOC), ablative (ABL), instrumental (INS), vocative (VOC), allative (ALL), and essive (ESS). Case is expressed through suffixes and decline according to number but not noun class.
Nominative
Accusative
Genitive
Dative
Locative
Ablative
Instrumental
Vocative
Allative
Essive
Pronouns
==== Possessive Pronouns
Verbs
Tense
There are five tenses in Dosari: present, past, recent past, future, and immediate future.
Present
|
SG |
DL |
PL
|
| 1P
|
-ɛs |
-alas |
-ɛn
|
| 2P
|
-id |
-alad |
-ix
|
| 3P
|
-ast |
-alast |
-a
|
Past
|
SG |
DL |
PL
|
| 1P
|
-ɛk |
-alak |
-ɛna
|
| 2P
|
-iθ |
-alaθ |
-ina
|
| 3P
|
-aq |
-alaq |
-ana
|
Recent Past
|
SG |
DL |
PL
|
| 1P
|
-ɛki |
-ali |
-ɛnɛk
|
| 2P
|
-iθi |
-ali |
-iniθ
|
| 3P
|
-aqi |
-ali |
-anaq
|
Future
|
SG |
DL |
PL
|
| 1P
|
-ɛm |
-alam |
-ɛ
|
| 2P
|
-iʃu |
-alaʃ |
-i
|
| 3P
|
-ar |
-alar |
-a
|
Immediate Future
|
SG |
DL |
PL
|
| 1P
|
-ɛmœs |
-alas |
-ɛnœrɔx
|
| 2P
|
-iθys |
-alas |
-inyrux
|
| 4P
|
-aqas |
-alas |
-anarax
|
Syntax
Relative Clauses
