Finnic languages/isoglosses
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After Viitso 2000: Finnic affinity (among other things)
| Isogloss | South Estonian | Coastal Finnic | Notes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *čk | tsk | *tk | ||||||||
| *kc, *pc | ts | *ks, *ps | ||||||||
| *kt, *pt | tt | *ht | ||||||||
| 3PS | -∅ | *-pi | ||||||||
| South Estonian | Livonian | Neva Finnic | ||||||||
| *nc | *ns | *nc | *ns | |||||||
| "forest" | *metsa | *metsa | *metsä | ← Baltic *medja | ||||||
| "wall" | *saina | *saina | *seinä | ← Baltic *saina | ||||||
| "hay" | *haina | *haina | *heinä | ← Baltic *šaina | ||||||
| "people" | *haimo | *heimo | ← Baltic *šaima | |||||||
| "thigh" | *raisi | *reisi | ← Baltic *rais | |||||||
| "back" | *sälkä | *sälkä | *selkä | Samic, Mari *selkä | ||||||
| "shoe" | *käŋkä | *käŋkä | *keŋkä | ← Gmc *skeŋka | ||||||
| South Estonian | Livonian | Estonian | Votic | North Finnic | ||||||
| "pole" | *saibas | *taibas | *teibäs | *seibäs | *seibäs | ← Baltic *staibas | ||||
| "to rise" | *nuuse- | *touse- | *noise- | *nouse- | origin unknown | |||||
| *ns | ːs | ːs | ːs | *ns | NB counterfeeding in Liv. | |||||
| *e_B | ɤ | ɨ | *ɤ | *e | ||||||
| South Estonian | Livonian | Estonian | Votic | West Finnish | Ingrian | Karelian | East Finnish | Veps | ||
