Þolb

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there are no prepostions. these are done with adverbs.

Overview

Þolb is an ergative-absolutive language. Word order is generally Patient-Verb-Agent.

Nouns - ðâpþtpontek

Nouns are divided into several classes, depending on the type of item. Each class has a special set of pronouns. Ony classes one and two have a first person pronoun. Several of the classes have special words that may belong only to those classes, as well as special affixes. Some words may fall into several classes.

Nouns have two cases: a combined ergative/genetive, absolutive.

Special words

• kþeltomp - man or woman, person
• þmeltilb - God
• þkwelmport - King
• twilmerd - important person/VIP

Markers!Ergative/Genetive!Absolutive	(þ)		Absolutive marker = þ Pronouns Singular pronouns Absolutive Ergative/Genitive First person þkwâm k þkwâm Second person meþt k meþt Third person klont k klont Second and third person plural pronouns always take the prefix kwe- First person plural pronouns are treated differently. See below. Plural pronouns Absolutive Ergative Genitive Dative Second person kwemeþt k kwemeþt þ kwemeþt t kwemeþt Third person kweklont k kweklont þ kweklont t kweklont First person plural pronouns are distinct words. Unlike English, the first person plural pronouns distinguish who is included in "we". We pronouns Absolutive Ergative Genitive Dative I + you (not he she or they) hegrâl k hegrâl þ hegrâl t hegrâl I + he, she or they (not you) þkim k þkim þ þkim t þkim I + he, she or they +you bwok k bwok þ bwok t bwok Special words 3. Animals 4. Inanimate objects 5. Places Verbs - ðâpþthempt Compared to the complex class system of nouns, verbs are relatively simple. Verbs fall into two types, transitive and intransitive. There is no tense in the language, but aspect. Aspect and mood are expressed by prefixes to the verbs. These words may be combined together. verbs perfective continuous habitually negative imperative mok- þkek- hem- lâmp- would mâr- þâr- hâr- lâr- negative mek- þek- hek- lek- positive mi- þi- hi- li- want milþ- þilþ- hilþ- lilþ- must mu- þu- hu- lu- can muþ- þuþ- huþ- luþ- need men- þen- hen- len- þke- to make, cause kwo- to become Adjectives and adverbs "Natural" adjectives follow the noun and a particle m. For example: þkor m tilmp "blue water" tem- (“made of” or “being a”): hirþ m temþkor “a water-way”, i.e. “a way made of water”. twu- (“of” or “relating to”) roptr m twuþkor “water sports”. kint- (“having” or “full of”): hirþ m kintþkor “a way full of water”. Adjectives are usually considered nouns. so... Alphabet - kormpbarþt a â b d ð e g h k l m n ng o p r t þ u û w y Examples Darm halb remp. The man has arrived. Þkek meþt wipt k þkwâm. I love you. Milk halb gelþ t kolm r melm. The man walked into the house. Þkek þkor kwemp. The water is boiling. Þkek mantr þkekwemp k klont. I am boiling the potato. << Walm gelþ kolm balþteþ r grûmp. The girl walked inside the house. >>