Nemuti: Phonology
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Introduction
- The Nemuti are divided into two nations, one north of the jungle and one south of the jungle. They speak the same language but there are some differences in their pronunciations. The following tables set out the these two different pronunciations.
Nemuti Phonology
Table of Phonemes
MOA | nasals | stops | sibilants | fricatives | tap | affricates | approximants | vowels | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IPA | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /p/ | /b/ | /t/ | /d/ | /k/ | /g/ | /s/ (/θ/) | /z/ (/ð/) | /ʃ/ | /ɸ/ | /h/ | /ɾ/ (/ʁ/) | /ʦ/ | /ʧ/ | /ʤ/ | /j/ | /w/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /o/ | /u/ (/ɯ/) | ||||||||
Latin | m | n | ŋ | p | b | t | d | k | g | s | z | x | f | h | r | ſ ſ | c | j | y | w | i | e | a | o | u | |||||||
Nemuti | Γ | F | E | T | Ŧ | Ⴙ | Ⴌ | Ⴈ | ꟻ | X | Ӿ | ⵅ | Y | Ұ | Ш | ⵡ | Η | Π | ᗐ | ᗑ | ᛁ | ᛚ | ᚫ | ᐃ | ᐁ | |||||||
Devanagari | म | न | ङ | प | ब | त | ड | क | ग | स | स़ | श | फ | ह | र | त्स | च | ज | य | व | इ / पि | ए / पे | अ / पा | ओ / पो | उ / पु | |||||||
Cyrillic | М м | Н н | Ӈ ӈ | П п | Б б | Т т | Д д | К к | Г г | С с | З з | Ш ш | Ф ф | Һ һ | Р р | Ц ц | Ч ч | Џ џ | Й й | Ў ў | И и | Э э | А а | О о | У у | |||||||
Name | ma | na | ŋa | pa | ba | ta | da | ka | ga | sa | za | xa | fa | ha | ra | ſa | ca | ja | ya | wa | i | e | a | o | u |
Note
- The alphabet is ordered according to the position of the letters on this table, first the nasals, then the stops, etc.
- The Devanagari script is treated as an alphabet, not an abugida, in Nemuti by using the letter < ा > /ā/ to represent /a/.
Table of Consonants
Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palato- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | Voiced | <m> /m/ | <n> /n/ | <ŋ> /ŋ/ | ||||||
Stops | Voiceless | <p> /p/ | <t> /t/ | <k> /k/ | ||||||
Voiced | <b> /b/ | <d> /d/ | <g> /g/ | |||||||
Sibilant Fricative | Voiceless | <s> /s/ | <x> /ʃ/ | |||||||
Voiced | <z> /z/ | |||||||||
Non-sibilant Fricative | Voiceless | <f> /ɸ/ | (<þ> /θ/) | <h> /h/ | ||||||
Voiced | (<ð> /ð/) | (<r> /ʁ/) | ||||||||
Tap | Voiced | <r> /ɾ/ | ||||||||
Affricate | Voiceless | <ſ> /ʦ/ | <c> /ʧ/ | |||||||
Voiced | <j> /ʤ/ | |||||||||
Approximant | Voiced | <y> /j/ | <w> /w/ |
Note:
- Phonemes in parentheses indicate the pronunciations in southern Nemuti.
Table of Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | <i> /i/ | <u> /u/ (/ɯ/) | |
Close-mid | <e> /e/ | ||
Open-mid | <o> /o/ | ||
Open | <a> /a/ |
Note:
- Phoneme in parentheses indicates the pronunciation in southern Nemuti.