Senjecas - The Golden Rule
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Pronunciation table
(labial) |
riisűko (dental) |
muitűko (alveolar) |
vainűko (palatal) |
ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels) |
nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | š | s̨ | i | e | a | ǫ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | |||||||||||||
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ | ||||||||||||
Glossing abbreviations
| 1s/p = 1st person singular/plural | ABL = ablative suffix | COL = collective | F = feminine | INT = intensive prefix | PRV = privative prefix | SUP = supine |
| 2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural | ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) | DES = desiderative | FRQ = frequentative | LAT = lative suffix | PST = past | TRZ = transitivizer |
| 3 = 3rd person | ADV = adverb | DIM = diminutive | FUT = future | LOC = locative suffix | REV = reversive | VOC = vocative particle |
| A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) | AG = agent | ELIS = elision | IMP = imperative | M = masculine | Q = interrogative particle | |
| G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) | AP = agent (active) participle | ELT = elative | INC = inchoative | OCC = occupation suffix | QUOT = direct quotation | |
| N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) | AUG = augmentative | EP = epenthesis | IND = indicative | PP = patient (past) participle | RPR = recent perfective | |
| V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) | CAUS = causative | EQU = equative degree | INS = instrument | PRF = perfect | SBJ = subjunctive |
Text
gil̨ono re̋e̋ȝo
The Golden Rule
The Golden Rule
- English Text
- Senjecan Translation
- Gloss
- What is hateful to you, do not do to your fellow man. That is the whole torah; all the rest is commentary. (Jewish, Hillel Talmud, Shabbat 31a, c. 110 B.C.- A.D.10)
- no—táo tús o þi̋xro e̋sa—eeflűs n̨arűs (1) o kie̋ȝa mee: no őro þőro e̋sa: őro te̋m̃o fűɫra e̋sa:
n-o tá-o t-ús o þi̋xr-o e̋s-a eefl-űs n̨ar-űs o ki-e̋ȝa mee n-o őro-Ø þőr-o e̋s-a that-N.s which-N.s 2s-G to hateful-N.s be-IND fellow-G.s loquent.being-G.s to do-SBJ not that-N.s all-ABS law-N.s be-IND
őro-Ø te̋m̃-o fűɫr-a e̋s-a all-ABS rest-N.s commentary-N.s be-IND
- Treat others the way you would have them treat you: this sums up the law and the prophets. (Christian, Matthew 7:12, A.D. 80-90)
- Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets
- sááru őrom—ȝa tu ɫe̋e̋la—ȝa tal̨őnus tús o ki̋a—ítu eȝúm o kie̋ȝa—hi so þőrok̬e m̃a̋a̋þlusk̬e e̋sa:
sááru őr-om ȝa t-u ɫe̋e̋l-a ȝa tal̨őn-us t-ús o ki̋-a ítu eȝ-úm o ki-e̋ȝa therefore all-A.s that 2s-N wish-IND that human-N.p 2s-G to do-IND thus 3-G.p to do-SBJ
hi s-o þőr-o=k̬e m̃a̋a̋þ-l-us=k̬e e̋s-a for this-N.s law-N.s=and prophesy-AG-N.p=and be-IND
- Not one of you is a believer until he desires for his brother that which he desires for himself. (Muslim, 40 Hadith Nawawi, 1234-1277)
- ne ȝúm tévu őőlu e̋sa—sííri eȝu-żaműs éra nom—táom eȝu-miűs éra pı̋ı̋ra—pı̋ı̋ra:
ne ȝ-úm tév-u őő-l-u e̋s-a sííri eȝu=żam-űs éra n-om tá-om eȝu=mi-űs éra pı̋ı̋r-a pı̋ı̋r-a not 2p-G one-N.s believe-AG-N.s be-IND until his=brother-G.s for that-A.s which-A.s his=self-G.s for desire-IND desire-IND
- This is the sum of the Dharma: do naught unto others which would cause you pain if done to you. (Hindu, Mahabharata 5:1517, between the 3rd century B.C. and the 3rd century A.D.)
- so rizla̋s mőto e̋sa: néom anúm o kie̋ȝa—táo tum debı̋d̨a—ébi tús o kı̋aþo ile̋ȝa:
s-o rizl-a̋s mőt-o e̋s-a né-om an-úm o ki-e̋ȝa tá-o t-um deb-ı̋d̨-a ébi t-ús o kı̋-a-þ-o il-e̋ȝa this-N.s Dharma-G.s sum-N.s be-IND nothing-A.s other-G.p to do-SBJ which-N.s 2s-A pain-TRZ-IND if 2s-G to do-IND-PP-N.s become-SBJ
- Comparing oneself to others in such terms as "Just as I am so are they, just as they are so am I," he should neither kill nor cause others to kill. (Buddhist, Sutta Nipata v. 705)
- anúm túȝa tevús mı̋um somı̋d̨antu da te̋e̋antu. m̃a ṡam̈óódi mu e̋sa. ítu éȝus e̋sa: ṡam̈óódi éȝus e̋sa. ítu mu e̋sa m̃ar. éȝu néda ka̋a̋da néda ánun kaad̨e̋tu ke̋la:
an-úm túȝa tev-ús mı̋-um som-ı̋d̨-a-nt-u da te̋e̋-a-nt-u m̃a ṡam.móódi m-u e̋s-a other-G.p to one-G.s self-A.s compare-TRZ-IND-AP-N.s and say-IND-AP-N.s QUOT just.as 1s.N be-IND
ítu éȝ-us e̋s-a ṡam.móódi éȝ-us e̋s-a ítu m-u e̋s-a m̃ar so 3-N.p be-IND just.as 3-N.p be-IND so 1s-N be-IND QUOT
éȝ-u néda ka̋a̋d-a néda án-un kaad̨-e̋t-u ke̋l-a 3-N.s neither kill-IND nor other-A.p kill-CAUS-SUP should-IND
- One going to take a pointed stick to pinch a baby bird should first try it on himself to see how it hurts. (Yoruba, Nigerian proverb)
- m̃ı̋pom ga̋antu bőődem pe̋þu tááda. móódi de̋ba tűnu tááda éȝu-mı̋um þúntu pe̋þu ke̋la:
m̃ı̋p-om ga̋-a-nt-u bőőd-em pe̋þ-u tááda móódi de̋b-a tűn-u tááda éȝu=mı̋-um þúnt=u pe̋þ-u ke̋l-a pointed.stick-A.s take-IND-AP-N.s chick-A.s pinch-SUP in.order.to how hurt-IND learn-SUP in.order.to his=self-A.s first=ADV pinch-SUP should-IND
- The king asked, "Is there one word that can serve as a principle of conduct for life?" Confucius replied, "It is the word 'shu'—reciprocity. Do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire." (Confucian, Analects 15:23, 551-470 B.C.)
- re̋e̋ƣu e-me̋ta: m̃a þűn sa̋m̃o—táo ǧı̋ı̋ra̋s tááda tinra̋s reeȝős ðééa kı̋u ma̋ƣa—vűűla me m̃ar: kǫ̋ǫ̋nṡu e-kı̋ra: m̃a sa̋m̃o 'shu'. andőőta. e̋sa: anúm éva nom—táom tu mı̋u pı̋ı̋ra ne—one̋ȝa mee m̃ar
re̋e̋ƣ-u e=me̋t-a m̃a þűn sa̋m̃-o tá-o ǧiir-a̋s tááda tinr-a̋s reeȝ-ős ðéé-a kı̋-u ma̋ƣ-a vűűl-a me m̃ar king-N.s PST=ask-IND QUOT one word-N.s which-N.s life-G.s for conduct-G.s principle-G.s instead.of do-SUP be.able-IND there.be-IND Q QUOT
kǫ̋ǫ̋nṡ-u e=kı̋r-a m̃a sa̋m̃-o 'shu' andőőt-a e̋s-a an-úm éva n-om tá-om t-u mı̋-u pı̋ı̋r-a ne Confucus-N.s PST=reply-IND QUOT word-N.s shu reciprocity-N.s be-IND other-G.p on that-A.s which-A.s 2s-N self-N.s desire-IND not
on-e̋ȝa mee m̃ar impose-IND not QUOT
- The sage has no interest of his own, but takes the interests of the people as his own. He is kind to the kind; he is also kind to the unkind; for virtue is kind. (Taoist, Dao De Jing, Chapter 49)
- sa̋a̋ṡu pa̋to éȝu-e̋rom űða ne. de éȝu-patő sóma leuðűs e̋ron ga̋a: faṡűm o fa̋ṡu e̋sa: alfaṡűm o fa̋ṡu étu e̋sa—hi kı̋ı̋hta fa̋ṡa e̋sa:
sa̋a̋ṡ-u pa̋to-Ø éȝu=e̋r-om űð-a ne de éȝu=pat-ő-' sóma leuð-űs e̋r-on ga̋-a sage-N.s own-ABS his=interest-A.s has-IND not but his=own-G.s-ELIS as people-G.s interest-A.p take-IND
faṡ-űm o fa̋ṡ-u e̋s-a al=faṡ-űm o fa̋ṡ-u étu e̋s-a hi kı̋ı̋ht-a fa̋ṡ-a e̋s-a kind-G.p to kind-N.s be-IND PRV=kind-G.p to kind-N.s also be-IND for virtue-N.s kind-N.s be-IND
- Treat your inferiors as you would be treated by your superiors. (Stoic, Seneca, c. 54 B.C. – c. A.D. 39)
- tu-ne̋run sepe̋ȝa—móódi tu reeðűm kía se̋paþu ı̋lu m̃e̋ṡa:
tu=ne̋r-un sep-e̋ȝa móódi t-u reeð-űm kía se̋p-a-þ-u ı̋l-u m̃e̋ṡ-a your=inferior-A.p treat-SBJ as 2s-N superior-G.p by treat-IND-PP-N.s become-SUP want-IND
- Do not wrong or hate your neighbor. For it is not he whom you wrong, but yourself. (Native American, Pima proverb)
- tu-ha̋usumĕ mune̋ȝam̃e þi̋xe̋ȝam̃e mee—hi éȝu—túumĕ műna—e̋sa ne. de tu-mı̋um⁝
tu=ha̋us-um-ĕ mun-e̋ȝa=m̃e þix-e̋ȝa=m̃e mee hi éȝ-u tú-um-ĕ műn-a e̋s-a ne de tu=mı̋-um your=neighbor-A.s-EP wrong-SBJ=or hate-SBJ=or not for 3-N.s 2.s-A-EP wrong-IND be-IND not but your=self-A.s
- (1) I have broadened the rule from 'man' to 'loquent being' to include the Six Peoples of Sefdaania.
