Valware - Arabic
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Pronunciation table
| Latin | a | e | f | h | i | k | l | m | n | ń | o | r | s | t | u | v | w | y |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic | ا | ێ | ڡ | ح | ی | ک | ل | م | ن | ڽ | ۆ | ر | س | ط | ۆ | ف | و | ى |
| IPA | /a/ | /e/ | /φ/ | /h/ | /i/ | /k/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /o/ | /ɾ/ | /s/ | /t/ | /u/ | /β/ | /w/ | /j/ |
Consonants
| labial | dental | alveolar | palatal | glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasals | voiceless | |||||
| voiced | m /m/ ~ /ɱ/1 م |
n /n/ ں |
ń /ŋ/ ن 2 |
|||
| Stops | voiceless | t /t/ ط |
k /k/ ک |
|||
| voiced | ||||||
| Fricatives | voiceless | f /φ/ ڡ |
s /s/ س |
|||
| voiced | v /β/ ف |
|||||
| Sonorants | voiceless | h /h/ ح | ||||
| voiced | w /w/ و |
l /l/ ل |
r /ɾ/ ر |
y /j/ ى |
Notes
- 1 /m/ becomes the labiodental /ɱ/ before the labiodentals /φ/ and /β/.
- 2 The letter <ن> is assigned to the voiced palatal nasal /ŋ/, as it is an allophone of /n/ in Urdu.
Vowels
- The vowels are taken from the Kurdish Arabic alphabet.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ ی |
u /u/ و | |
| Close Mid | e /e/ ێ |
o /o/ ۆ | |
| Open | a /ä/ ا |
Example
- All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
- Օwe nuńwu wolo rile o otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.
- ۆوێ نۆڽوۆ وۆلۆ ریلێ ۆ ۆطۆ ۆسا فێ سانۆ ىۆڽ ۆ ساطی ىى
- They are endowed with reason and conscience
- Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi
- ێطۆ ىۆڽ ۆ ڡۆوی ىۆڽ ىێ سا ىی
- and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
- o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńom wila ve ńohita wafa.
- .ۆ وا سۆڽا وێڽوا ویفا فێ واسی ڽۆم ویلا فێ ڽۆحیطا واڡا
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1
