Minor Lenian languages
These are ordered roughly west-to-east.
Cappini languages
Proto-Cappini was identical with Baywatch, but was grouped with the others for political reasons.
CONSONANTS:
Bilabials: p m b Alveolars: t n s l r
And the vowels were /a e i o u/ in both short and long forms. The geminates /pp ss tt/ occurred, and there were sound gaps of */te so bo lo ro/, except in a few rare words where contraction of long vowels before geminates had created new short vowels there.
Cappini to Poise
This was the language spoken in Posisse.
- The alveolars t n shifted to k ŋ before any of /o u/.
- Any singleton s disappeared to Ø.
- The geminates pp ss tt shifted to p s t.
Cappini to Wineapple
This was the language spoken in Olansele.
- The alveolars t n shifted to k ŋ before any of /o u/.
Oyster languages
CONSONANTS:
PLAIN PALATALIZED
Rounded bilabials: pʷ bʷ w Bilabials: p b m pʲ bʲ mʲ Alveolars: t d n s l tʲ dʲ sʲ Postalveolars: č ǯ ň š ł Palatals: ć ǵ ń ś y (ć ǵ ń ś y) Velars: k ġ ŋ x g kʲ Labiovelars: kʷ ġʷ xʷ gʷ Uvulars: q h Rounded uvulars: qʷ hʷ
VOWELS:
a e i o u a̯ ɨ̯
The vowels in the lower row are ultrashort vowels, which are devoiced in some contexts, and are written with consonant symbols in the native alphabet.
Proto-Oyster to RCV
This language was spoken by the RCV party in Nōslina.
Proto-Oyster to DOZ
This language was spoken by the DOZ party in Gàqa.
Proto-Oyster to KTI
This language was spoken by the KTI party in Posisse.
Proto-Oyster to Olansele
This language was spoken by the XIG party and some others in Olansele. It was just one of several languages spoken there.
Proto-Oyster to TOT
This language was spoken by the TOT party in Sapeepa. It was just one of several languages spoken there. There was no significant influence from Baywatch or Birch, just from Khulls. The contact began just as Khulls was shifting /d/ > /r/. At first the TOT speakers were dominant, but soon Khulls became the language of administration.
- The palatalized labials pʲ bʲ mʲ shifted to p b m .
- Coda stops disappeared, changing the preceding vowels to high tones unless the stops were voiced.
Proto-Oyster to Teacher
This language was spoken by in Hōkī.
Proto-Oyster to HOL
This language was spoken by the HOL party in Šelpa (Sàkwalo).
Other languages
The states of Ládara, Etatăni, Halaspa, Pumpkin, and Pointer did not have their own languages.
Birch languages
Bilabials: p m f w Alveolars: t n s l Postalveolars: š y Velars: k ŋ h g
There were four vowels, and the diphthongs /ai əi au əu/. The tone system was à/ă/ā and the schwa only occurred on the low tone.
