Senjecas - First Things
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Pronunciation table
| p | b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | š | s̨ | i | e | a | ǫ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ |
1. Polite phrases - ta̋a̋ro ðe̋uƣos
| Yes | No | Please | Thank you (very much) | No, thank you | You're welcome |
| a̋a | ne̋ | tum sőőra1 | (me̋ża) vűűma vűűla:2 | ne̋. vűűma vűűla: | vűűma vűűla ne: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| beseech you | there is a (great) debt |
| Excuse me | That's all right | I'm (terribly) sorry | What did you say? | Well met | Welcome |
| šooðe̋ȝa me:3 | no sűo e̋sa: | mu (m̃éérvi) mı̋ı̋m̃a4: | e5-te̋e̋ua ne: | supa̋naþu | suǧe̋raþu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| May.pass ? | that well is | I (truly) grieve | paid.attention not | Well.met | Well.received |
Notes:
- 1If understood from the context, the subject personal pronoun may be omitted.
- 2A colon is used to mark the end of a sentence.
- 3The imperative is formed with the suffix -e, but it is more polite to use the subjunctive form which ends in -e̋ȝa.
- 4Said upon causing an accident.
- 5The prefix e- marks the past tense.
2. Questions and requests - me̋tosk̬e ı̋gosk̬e
| Where/When is/are...? | How much is/are...? | How far is...? | What is this? | What do you want? |
| ... xáru/xánu e̋sa: | ... xőto vűűa1: | ... xótu þı̋fo e̋sa: | xo so e̋sa: | tu xom m̃e̋ṡa:2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ... where/when is: | ... how.much is | ... how.much far is | what this is | you what want |
| What must I do? | Have you...? Do you sell...? | Have you seen ...? | I would like .... | I do not want ... |
| mu xom kı̋u3 ke̋la: | tu ... fa̋ra me:4 | tu ... nĭna̋ka me:5 | mu ... ɫe̋e̋la:6 | mu ... m̃e̋ṡa ne: |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I what to.do must | you ... sell ? | you ... have.seen ? | I ... would.like | I ...want not |
Notes:
- 1There are two words for to be. e̋sa indicates a permanent condition, vűűa a temporary one.
- 2Note that the verb is placed at the end of the sentence.
- 3A verb dependent on another verb ends in -u. It is called the supine.
- 4If there is no questioning word (who, what, etc.), then me is placed at the end of the sentence.
- 5The present perfect tense is formed by reduplicating the first consonant and prefixing it to the verb with a weak vowel. If the verb's vowel is "i", "e", or "a", the weak vowel is "ĭ". If the verb's vowel is "ǫ", "o", or "u", the weak vowel is "ŭ".
3. Useful expressions - ne̋uðro ðe̋uƣos
| I come from ... | I live in ... | I am a(n) ... | Here is/are... | I (don't) like it/them. | That's nice/beautiful. |
| ... éha ǧe̋ma: | ... éna m̃e̋e̋sa: | ... e̋sa: | ... íðu e̋sa: | mu éȝom/éȝon ka̋a (ne): | no la̋ro/gőbo e̋sa: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ... from come | ... in live | ... am | ... here is/are | I it/them like (not) | that nice/beautiful is |
| Leave me alone. | Just a moment. | This way please. | Take a seat. | Come in. | It's cheap. |
| mum ka̋im̃um te̋m̃e: | áru sa̋mpam | i-a̋tam. tum sőőra: | sede̋ȝa: | tire̋ȝa: | éȝo m̃e̋slo vűűa: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| me alone leave | scarcely moment | this-way you beseech | sit | enter | it cheap is |
| That's all. | It's too expensive. | You're right/wrong. | That's very kind of you | Thank you (for your help). |
| no őro e̋sa: | éȝo kéþu m̃űso vűűa: | tu m̃e̋e̋ru/műnu e̋sa: | (tu) kétu fa̋ṡu (e̋sa): | (mu) (tu-þonős ṡ̨óga) tum kűȝa: |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| that all is | it too expensive is | you right/wrong are | (you) too kind (are) | (I) (your-help for) you thank |
4. Communicating - va̋a̋ru
| I'm English/American. | Do(es) you (anyone) speak English? | I don't speak Senjecas. | I don't understand. | Do you understand me? |
| mu ange̋lru/ámerı̋xru e̋sa: | tu (k̬énu) ángelȝe̋kam sa̋m̃a me: | mu senȝe̋kam sa̋m̃a ne: | mu þűma ne: | tu mum þűma me: |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I English/American am | you English speak ? | I Senjecas speak not | I understand not | you me understand ? |
| I speak some English. | What is it called in Senjecas? | How do you say ... in Senjecas? | What does ... mean? | How do you pronounce this? |
| mu tı̋ı̋ða ángelȝe̋kam sa̋m̃a: | senȝe̋ko éȝo-fe̋e̋to xo e̋sa: | tu senȝéxvi xálu ... sa̋m̃a: | ... xo fűɫa: | tu xálu som fuɫte̋e̋a: |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I some English speak | Senjecan its-name what is | you Senjecasly how ... say | ... what means | you how this pronounce |
| How do you write ...? | Please speak more slowly. |
| tu xálu ... ȝa̋ra: | gŭǧǫ́ðvi sam̃e̋ȝa. tum sőőra: |
|---|---|
| you how ...write | more.slowly speak. you beseech |
5. Greetings and hospitality - ǧe̋rosk̬e rűűmrak̬e
| Good day | Good night | Hello | How are you? | (Very) well | Pleased to meet you. | Good-bye | Good-bye | See you soon/tomorrow/later. |
| mı̋ı̋ra a̋ham | de̋e̋ra la̋a̋tam | ala̋a̋ | (tu) xálu e̋sa: | (lábu) su | tum pa̋nu se̋baþu: | suɠa̋a̋le:1 | sure̋iðe:2 | t̨áárvi/ṡúm̃vi/pósu tum u-na̋ka:3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| peaceful day | restful night | hello | you how are | (very) well | you to-meet pleased | well-bide | well-fare | soon/tomorrow/later you will-see |
Notes:
- 1Said by the one leaving.
- 2Said by the one staying.
- 3The prefix u- marks the future tense.
6. Introductions - ṡana̋ðras
| May I introduce you to ... | my wife/husband/friend | What's your name? | My name is .... | Pleased to meet you. | It's been great meeting you |
| tum o ... ṡanaðe̋ȝa me: | mu-kőzum/me̋rtum/vı̋lum | tu xálu feetı̋d̨aþu ı̋la1: | ... feetı̋d̨aþu ı̋la: | tum pa̋nu ka̋itu: | tum pa̋nu dı̋żu e-e̋sa: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| to you ... may.introduce ? | my-wife/husband/friend | you how called become | ... called become | you to.meet pleased | you to.meet marvelous was |
Notes:
- 1The passive voice is formed with the passive participle and the verb ı̋la, become.
| Have you met my wife/husband? | This is my mother/father/son/daughter | What's your address/telephone number? | My address/telephone number is ...? | Where are you staying? |
| tu mu-kőzum/me̋rtum pĭpa̋na me | su mu-ma̋a̋ma/ta̋a̋ta/pőiku/zı̋du e̋sa: | tu-m̃eeslűko/ham̃lűko xo e̋sa: | mu-m̃eeslűko/ham̃lűko ... e̋sa: | tu xáru ɠa̋a̋la: |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| you my-wife/husband have.met ? | this my-mother/father/son/daughter is | your-address/phone number what is | my-address/phone number ... is | you where stay |
7. Personal details - hőmo tifȝe̋żos
| Are you married? | I am married. | I am single/divorced/separated | How old are you? | I am ... years old | I was born in ... | I was born on ... |
| tu m̃e̋da me: | m̃e̋da | mu va̋tu/m̃im̃e̋daþu/ve̋e̋tu vűűa: | xőta dı̋las mús o e̋sa: | ... dı̋las mús o e̋sa: | ... éna e-że̋na: | ...a̋s ... e-że̋na: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| you are-married ? | am-married | I single/divorced/separated am | how-many years you to are | ... years me to are | ... in was.born | ... on was.born |
| Where are you from? | I'm from .... | Are you doing anything this evening? | Could we have dinner together? | Would you like a drink? |
| tu xárþis e̋sa: | mu ... éha e̋sa: | tu i-ȝı̋tam k̬énom kı̋a me: | m̃us ṡómu dore̋ȝa me: | tu pőőȝom ɫe̋e̋la me: |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| you from-where are | I ... from am | you this-evening anything do ? | we together may.dine ? | you drink would-like ? |
| Can I offer you anything? | Thanks for the invitation. | May I introduce you to ... | Glad to meet you. |
| mu tús o k̬énom fe̋ɫo me: | żalős ṡ̨óga kűȝas | mu o tum ... żęne̋ȝa me: | ka̋itu tum pa̋nu |
|---|---|---|---|
| I you to anything offer ? | invitation for thanks | I to you ... acquaint ? | happy you meet |
| What is your address/telephone number? | My address/telephone number is ...? | Where are you staying? |
| tu-m̃eeslűko/ham̃lűko xo e̋sa: | mu-m̃eeslűko/ham̃lűko ... e̋sa: | tu xáru ɠa̋a̋la: |
|---|---|---|
| your-address/phone number what is | my-address/phone number ... is | you where stay |
8. Occupations and Study - da̋a̋rosk̬e sı̋ƣrak̬e
| What is your occupation? | I am a doctor/teacher/student | I work at .... | I'm retired. | I'm self-employed/unemployed |
| tu-da̋a̋ro xo vűűa: | mu le̋e̋gu/dőxlu/tűnlu vűűa: | mu ... éna da̋a̋ra: | mu ném̃itéru da̋a̋ra: | mu mi-þa̋xaþu/m̃i-þa̋xaþu1 vűűa: |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| your-work what is | I doctor/teacher/student am | I ... at work | I no.longer work | I self-employed/un-employed am |
Notes:
- 1Be careful to distinguish mi-, self, from m̃i-, un-.
| What are you studying? | I'm studying medicine/law/engineering. |
| tu xom sı̋ga: | mu ȝaxsa̋a̋r̈am/þőram/kílvaanlĕsa̋a̋r̈am sı̋ga: |
|---|---|
| you what study | I medicine/law/engineering study |
9. Interests - aðne̋e̋mras
| What do you do in your spare time? | Do you any hobbies? | Do you like art/sports? | I like music. | I don't like movies. |
| tu alpe̋e̋la tu-keesa̋s xom kía: | tu sébaðne̋e̋mran ƣe̋ða me: | tu dűvram/le̋iðran ka̋a me: | mu kűmom ka̋a: | mu asgı̋ı̋ron ka̋a ne: |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| you free your-time what do | you hobbies have ? | you art/sports like ? | I music like | I movies like not |
10. Feelings - űtos
| I'm happy/sad/tired | I'm in a hurry | Are you cold/hot? | I'm not hungry/thirsty. | I feel (very) lucky. | I'm (terribly) sorry. |
| mu ka̋itu/se̋ugu/le̋e̋du vűűa: | mu pa̋su ke̋la: | tu sőȝu/tı̋ı̋þu vűűa me: | mu gősa/a̋a̋da ne: | mu (lábu) űþu űta: | (me̋e̋o) kı̋ı̋nos da̋a̋a1: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I happy/sad/tired am | I hurry must | you cold/hot are ? | I hunger/thirst not | I (very) lucky feel | (many) tears flow |
Notes:
- 1Said upon hearing someone's bad news.
