Senjecas 1.1.0 Sky

Pronunciation table

p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ǫ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Note

• Words in red indicate objects or concepts not known in Sefdaania.

1.0 Universe

• a. What words refer to everything we can see?
  • universe, cosmos - alme̋ȝo [< al, privative prefix, me̋ȝi, adj. measurable]
  • creation - ƥűto
  • heaven and earth - nűmok̬e ta̋lek̬e
  • macrocosm - méżalme̋ȝo [méżi, adj. large]
  • everything that exists – ore̋santos [< őri, adj. all; e̋sa, i.v. be]

1.1 Sky

• a. What words are used to refer to the sky?
  • sky, firmament - nűmo
  • canopy - űngo
  • vault - ƣűvo

• b. What words refer to air around the earth?
  • air - ga̋a̋lo
  • atmosphere, airspace – gaala̋a̋ro [< ga̋a̋lo, air; a̋a̋ro, open space]
  • troposphere - gáálṡurkĕle̋ƣo [< gaalo, air; ṡűrko, current; le̋ƣo, layer]
  • stratosphere - tiiþmégaamle̋ƣo}} [< tiiþme̋a, temperature; ga̋a̋ma, t.v. increase; le̋ƣo, layer]
  • mesosphere - tiiþmépinle̋ƣo [< tiiþme̋a, temperature; pı̋na, t.v. decrease; le̋ƣo, layer]
  • thermosphere - þómpusle̋ƣo [< þőmi, adj. meager; pű|ṡa, t.v. compress; le̋ƣo, layer]
  • exosphere - sil̤e̋ƣo [< síli, adj. outermost; le̋ƣo, layer]
  • ozone layer - kooxǧíísuvle̋ƣo [< kőőxi, adj. blue; ǧíía, life; subo, gas; le̋ƣo, layer]

• c. What words are used to refer to the place or area beyond the sky?
  • heaven - nűmo
  • space - a̋a̋ro
  • outer space - puusa̋a̋ro}} [< pűűsi, adj. outer; a̋a̋ro, open space]
  • ether – diim̃e̋xra [< dı̋ı̋a, i.v. shine brightly; m̃e̋xra, matter]
  • void - m̃a̋a̋nta [< m̃a̋a̋na, t.v. empty]
  • solar system - suulta̋go [< sűűle, sun; ta̋go, system]

• d. What words describe something in the sky or something that happens in the sky?
  • aerial - ga̋a̋lm̃i
  • heavenly, celestial - númm̃i
  • atmospheric - gaala̋a̋rm̃i
  • stratospheric - tiiþmégaamle̋ƣm̃i

• e. What words describe the appearance of the sky?
  • blue - numkőőxi [< nűmo, sky; kőőxi, adj. blue]
  • black [of the night] - kőni
  • cloudy, cloud-filled - ne̋vri [< ne̋vo, cloud]
  • brilliant - pa̋a̋ugi
  • dark - żími
  • night sky - laaþnűmo [< la̋a̋ta, night; nűmo, sky]
  • foreboding - naƣűri
  • stormy - ðűűi
  • star-studded - ṡűxri
  • clear sky - ga̋no

• f. What words refer to the edge of the sky where it meets the ground?
  • horizon, skyline – numm̃űȝo [< nűmo, sky; m̃űȝo, limit]

• g. What words refer to something in the sky?
  • heavenly-, celestial-, -body - numm̃e̋ko [< nűmo, sky; m̃e̋ko, thing]
  • luminary - f̨őþlo [< f̨őþa, i.v. light; -lo, verbal agent suffix]

• h. What words refer to the lights that appear in the northern (or southern) sky?
  • aurora borealis - kirűƣ̨e
  • northern lights - kuðf̨őþos
  • southern lights - lum̃f̨őþos

• i. What words refer to something being in the sky?
  • aloft, up in the sky, up in the air - óónvi

1.1.1 Heavenly bodies – numm̃e̋kos

1.1.1.1 Sun

• a. What words refer to the sun?
  • sun, sol - sűűle
  • solar - sűűli
  • daystar - ahṡűxe

• b. What words refer to how the sun moves?
  • rise, come up - re̋na
  • set, go down, sink – dűűa
  • cross the sky - nűmom ta̋ra

• c. What words refer to the time when the sun rises?
  • dawn - va̋iƣa
  • sunrise, sunup - ne̋e̋da
  • daybreak - ahtőðra [< aha, morning; tőda, t.v. begin]
  • cockcrow - puunżĕka̋a̋m̃a [< pűűnże, cock; ka̋a̋m̃a, i.v. crow]

• d. What words refer to the time when the sun is at its highest point?
  • noon - na̋a̋ża
  • zenith - numőőnta [< nűmo, sky; őőnta, height]

• e. What words refer to the time when the sun sets?
  • sunset, sundown - dűűa
  • dusk, twilight - ðe̋uska
  • eventide - ȝı̋ta

• f. What words refer to when the sun is shining?
  • shine - dı̋ı̋a
  • sunny - sűűlri
  • bright – dı̋ı̋i
  • give light - f̨őþa
  • daytime - ahf̨őþa

• g. What words refer to the sun shining through the clouds?
  • come out - ka̋ȝa
  • break through [the clouds] - [ne̋von] re̋uga
  • go behind [a cloud] - [nevős pósa] la̋a̋ða [< la̋a̋ða, i.v. hide]

• h. What words describe where the sun is shining?
  • sunlit, lit by the sun - suulf̨őþaþi
  • be (out) in the sun – suule̋s néra vűűa
  • shine on – éva ve̋la
  • be in the sunlight – suulf̨oþős éna vűűa
  • sunny (spot) - sűűlro (ðe̋e̋o)

• i. What words describe when or where the sun does not shine?
  • shade, shadow - nı̋ı̋zo
  • shady - nı̋ı̋zi
  • eclipse [v.] - żı̋ma
  • eclipse of the sun - suulżı̋mo
  • sunless - fŭsűűli

• j. What words refer to the light of the sun?
  • sunlight, sunshine - suulf̨őþo
  • ray, beam - he̋e̋ro
  • light - f̨őþo
  • sunbeam - suulhe̋e̋ro
  • radiance - he̋e̋r̈a
  • glow - a̋a̋so
  • sparkle, glisten - nı̋ga
  • glare - pa̋a̋ugo

• k. What words describe the brightness of the sun?
  • bright - dı̋i
  • intense - m̃a̋li
  • brilliant, luminous - pa̋a̋ugi
  • blinding - re̋e̋manti
  • glaring - pa̋a̋uganti
  • glistening - nı̋ganti
  • dim - le̋ini

• l. What refers to the sun heating things?
  • warm - te̋pi
  • heat - tı̋ı̋þa
  • dry – sa̋usi

• m. What else does the sun do?
  • looks down on - éva n̨aża̋ba

• n. What words describe the damage done by sunlight?
  • sunburn – te̋e̋do
  • sunstroke, heatstroke, heat prostration - tiiþda̋mo
  • suntan, tan - suulba̋do
  • sun damage - suulva̋no
  • fading from the sun - suulma̋zo
  • bleached by the sun - suulpa̋ȝaþi

• o. What do people use to protect themselves from the sun?
  • sunglasses - żimve̋do
  • shade tree - niizda̋ro
  • suntan lotion - súúlaiðsa̋vt̬i}} [< sűűle, sun; a̋iða, t.v. burn; sa̋ba, t.v. hinder; -t̬i, noun suffix indicating a medicine]
  • awning - pűlto
  • sun umbrella, parasol - suulnı̋ı̋zlo [< sűűle, sun; nı̋ı̋za, t.v. shade; -lo, instrument suffix]
  • sunbonnet - niizṡa̋bo [< nı̋ı̋za, t.v. shade; ṡa̋bo, hat]
  • hat - ṡa̋bo
  • visor – telkı̋ȝo

• p. What words are used of telling time by the sun?
  • sundial, sun-clock - súúltenme̋lo [< sűűle, sun; te̋na, time; me̋a, t.v. measure; -lo, instrument suffix]
  • angle of the sun - suulkőőno [< sűűle, sun; kőőno, angle]
  • shoot the sun - sűűlem me̋a
  • sextant - súúlkoonme̋lo
  • position of the sun - suulðe̋e̋o

• q. What words refer to using the power of the sun?
  • solar energy - suulfe̋do
  • solar power - suulm̃a̋xra [sűűle, sun; m̃a̋ka, t.v. empower]
  • solar panel - súúlterkı̋ȝo [sűűle, sun; te̋ro, room; -k-, diminutive suffix, -ı̋ȝ-, collective suffix]

1.1.1.2 Moon

• a. What words refer to the moon?
  • moon - e̋ide
  • satellite - ba̋l̤o
  • full moon – b̨aage
  • first quarter moon – dűste
  • last quarter moon – þ̨őlǧe
  • new moon - ze̋e̋re

• b. What words refer to how the moon moves?
  • rise - re̋na
  • set, sink - dűűa

• c. What words refer to the time when the moon rises?
  • moonrise, rising of the moon – eiðre̋nra

• d. What words refer to the time when the moon sets?
  • moonset, setting of the moon – eiðdűűra

• e. What words refer to when the moon is shining?
  • moon is shining, the moon is out - e̋ida
  • by the light of the moon - eiðf̨oþa̋s xéma
  • moon is coming out - ka̋ȝa

• f. What words describe where the moon is shining?
  • moonlit, lit by the moon - eiðf̨őþaþi
  • be in the moonlight – eiðf̨oþa̋s éna vűűa

• g. What words describe when or where the moon does not shine?
  • moonless night - fe̋ida la̋a̋ta
  • eclipse of the moon - eiðżı̋ma
  • eclipse (v.) - żı̋ma

• h. What words refer to the light of the moon?
  • moonlight, moonshine - eiðf̨őþa
  • moonbeam - eiðhe̋e̋ro

• i. What words describe the brightness of the moon?
  • bright - dı̋ı̋i
  • pale - le̋ini

• j. What words describe the appearance of the moon?
  • man in the moon - b̨aaƣṡe̋ṡe [< b̨a̋a̋ge, full moon; ṡe̋ṡe, hare]
  • harvest moon - koib̨a̋a̋ge [< kőȝo, harvest]

• k. What words refer to the spots on the moon?
  • lunar sea - éiðkeba̋ro [< e̋ide, moon; keba̋ro, steppe]
  • crater - ðűmbo

• l. What words refer to the phases of the moon?
  • phase - zı̋no
  • half moon - fele̋ide
  • quarter moon - na̋a̋lt' e̋ide
  • crescent, sliver – (eið)kőðlo [< kőðlo, sickle]
  • moon is waxing - me̋ża
  • moon is waning - pı̋na

• m. What words refer to the time it takes for the moon to go through its phases?
  • lunar month - e̋ida

1.1.1.3 Star

• a. What words are used to refer to the stars?
  • star - ṡűke

• b. What words describe the sky when the stars are shining?
  • starlit (sky) – ṡuxf̨őþaþo nűmo
  • (sky is) ablaze with stars - (nűmo) ṡuke̋n šéða a̋iðo (vűűa)
  • starry (sky), star-studded (sky) - ṡűxro nűmo
  • stars are shining – ṡűkes ðe̋m̃a

• c. What words are used for where the stars are shining?
  • starlit, lit by the stars - ṡuxf̨őþaþi

• d. What words are used for when or where the stars do not shine?
  • starless sky/night - fŭṡűko nűmo, fŭṡűka la̋a̋ta

• e. What words refer to the light of the stars?
  • starlight - ṡuxf̨őþa

• f. What words describe the brightness of the stars?
  • bright - dı̋ı̋i
  • brilliant, luminous - pa̋a̋ugi
  • dim - le̋ini

• g. What words describe the appearance of the stars?
  • twinkle - v̌e̋ka
  • wink - k̨űma
  • glittering - nı̋ganti
  • star-shaped - ṡuxzı̋ni

• h. What words refer to the study of the stars?
  • astronomy - ṡuxsa̋a̋ra [< sa̋a̋ra, t.v. know]
  • astronomer - ṡúxsaara̋a̋gu [< -a̋a̋gu, nominal agent suffix]
  • astrology - ṡuxta̋a̋fra [< ta̋a̋fa, t.v. foresee]
  • astrologer - ṡúxtaafrĕka̋a̋gu
  • stargazer - ṡuxża̋vlu [ża̋ba, t.v. gaze upon]

• i. What is a group of stars called?
  • constellation - ṡuxgı̋ı̋ro [< gı̋ı̋ra, t.v. draw]
  • galaxy - ṡukı̋ȝo [< ı̋ȝo, collective suffix]
  • nebula - ṡuxne̋vo [< ne̋vo, cloud]

1.1.1.4 Planet

• a. What words refer to a planet?
  • planet - d̬őőne
  • wandering star - ma̋lante ṡűke

• b. What are the names of the planets?
  • Mercury -ȝŭȝud̬őőne [< ȝŭȝűi, adj. innermost]
  • Venus – nevd̬őőne [< ne̋vo, cloud]
    • Morning Star - aaiṡűke [< a̋a̋ȝa, morning]
    • Evening Star - ȝiþṡűke [< ȝı̋ta, evening]
  • Earth - v̌e̋e̋te
  • Mars - reuðd̬őőne [< reuði, adj. red]
  • Jupiter - eeld̬őőne [< e̋e̋lo, stripe]
  • Saturn - aand̬őőne [< a̋a̋no, ring]
  • Uranus -lend̬őőne [< le̋na, t.v. tilt]
  • Neptune- kooxd̬őőne [< kőőxi, adj. blue]

• c. What words refer to how the planets move?
  • revolve [on its axis] - t̨űla
  • orbit [around the sun] - ba̋la

• d. What words refer to the sun and planets?
  • solar system - suulta̋go

1.1.1.5 Comet, Meteor, Asteroid

• e. What words refer to comets?
  • comet - voxd̬őőne [< vőxo, flame]
  • tail - pőɫo
  • head - nı̋ı̋mo

• f. What do comets do?
  • appear - ka̋ȝa
  • disappear - ma̋a̋ȝa

• g. What words refer to meteors?
  • meteor, shooting star, falling star - foolṡűke [< főőla, i.v. fall]
  • meteor trail - fóólṡuxsa̋a̋go [< sa̋a̋go, trail]
  • meteor shower - fóólṡuxṡa̋do [< ṡa̋do, shower]

• h. What do meteors do?
  • flash across the sky – nűmom tára pa̋a̋uga
  • blaze a trail across the sky - nűmom tára sa̋a̋gom vőxa
  • strike the earth - v̌e̋e̋tem tűűga
  • make a crater – ðűmbom va̋a̋na
  • burn up - a̋iða

• i. What words are used for when a meteor hits the earth?
  • meteorite - numta̋a̋ino [< nűmo, sky; ta̋a̋ino, rock]
  • meteor crater - númtaainðűmbo

• j. What is a small planet called?
  • asteroid - balta̋a̋ino [ba̋la, t.v. orbit; ta̋a̋ino, rock]