Senjecas topology

Pronunciation table

p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ǫ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Notes

• cpd = a compound of two or more roots, e.g., a̋a̋þe, fire + ǧa̋ro, mountain = aaþǧa̋ro, volcano.
• drv = a word derived from a root, e.g., da̋a̋e, river < da̋a̋a, i.v. flow.
• pol = a word with a different, but related sense to an original root, e.g., ðűmbo, crater < ðűmbo, depression in the earth.
• At the end is a legend, Total: 81/3+0/.04%. This means that there are 81 root words (lemmata) of which 3 are verbs and none are adjectives which can be treated as stative verbs. The last number means that .04 percent of the vocabulary is verbs.
• These words are not numbered, as only original roots are numbered.

Land features – naalzı̋nos

• cpd aamƣoore̋to, watershed [a̋a̋me, flowing water; ƣoore̋to, ridge].
• cpd áántaaindı̋mo, atoll [< a̋a̋no, ring; ta̋a̋ino, rock; dı̋mo, island].
• 001 a̋a̋ro, glade [< a̋a̋ra, t.v. expand].
• cpd aaþǧa̋r|o, volcano [a̋a̋þe, fire; ǧa̋ro, mountain ]. -i, adj. volcanic.
• 002 a̋fro, bank [of a river].
• 003 agűlo, wilderness [> Turkish aylak, lonely place].
• 004 bűsko, thicket, brake [> Latin buscus, forest].
• 005 b̨őso, mountain slope [> Japanese wase, early rice].
• drv da̋a̋e, river [anim.] [< da̋a̋a, i.v. flow].
• cpd daalı̋m̃o, quicksand [da̋a̋a, i.v. flow; lı̋m̃o, sand].
• drv da̋a̋po, mountain pass [< da̋a̋pa, cross (mountain)].
• 006 da̋no, low ground.
• 007 dı̋m|o, island [> Tamil timil, eminence]. -ı̋ȝo, archipelago. -i, adj. insular. -ko, isle, islet.
• 008 dı̋po, hillock, knoll [> Telugu tippa, hillock].
• 009 d̨a̋a̋no, terrace [between steppe and riverbank] [> Mongolian denǯi, terrace].
• 010 ða̋ilo, watershed [> English, deal].
• drv ða̋n|o, ledge. -ta̋a̋ino, sedimentary rock.
• 011 ðı̋sno, dune, sandhill [> Greek θίϛ, heap of sand].
• pol ðűmbo, crater [< ðűmbo, depression in the earth].
• 012 ere̋k|o, chasm, ravine, gorge, canyon [> Gipuzkoan erreka, ravine]. -i, adj. chasmal.
• 013 fa̋a̋k|o, crag, cliff, ridge [> Ulcha pāqta, precipice]. -i, adj. craggy.
• pol fı̋s|o, crevice, fissure, gap, rift [< fı̋so, cleft]. -żo, crevasse.
• cpd foolża̋vo, brushwood.
• 014 fűr|o, woodland, woods, forest, hurst, timberland, weald [> Japanese mòri, forest]. -i, adj. wooded, woody, forested.
• 015 ga̋ndo, scree [> Etruscan ganda, scree].
• 016 gűp|i, bush, shrub [> Kurukh xoppā, bush]. -ı̋ȝo, brush.
• cpd gusfűro, temperate forest [gűsa, i.v. fall [of leaves]; fűro, forest].
• 017 ǧa̋r|o, mountain [> Slavic Црна Гора, Montenegro]. -fa̋do, rock face, escarpment. -ȝeƣta̋lo, alpine tundra. -m̃i, adj. mountainous.
• cpd hurðűmbo, watering-, -hole, -place, oasis [hűre, water; ðűmbo, depression in the earth].
• 018 ȝa̋ṡo, pine forest [> Mari B jakte, spruce].
• cpd ȝeƣ|da̋a̋=o, glacier [ȝe̋go, ice; da̋a̋e, river]. =i, adj. glacial. -ǧa̋ro, iceberg [< ǧa̋ro, mountain]. -ta̋lo, tundra [< ta̋lo, ground]. -þőőro, serac [< þőőro, tower].
• 019 ȝű|ko, waterfall [> Finnish juka, waterfall]. -xżo, cataract.
• cpd kaim̃ǧa̋ro, monadnock, inselberg [ka̋im̃i, adj. alone ǧa̋ro, mountain].
• 020 keba̋ro, steppe [> Mongolian keɣere, steppe].
• 021 kı̋ƣo, talus [> Yupik qiuq, cliff].
• 022 kirűƣ̨o, aurora borealis, northern lights [> Yupik qiuʁjaq/k, aurora polaris].
• 023 kősko, rapids [> Estonian kosk, rapids].
• 024 kǫ̋mo, marsh island [> Khanty χŏmës, bog hill].
• cpd kúðȝeƣta̋lo, Arctic tundra [kűðo, north; ȝeƣta̋lo, tundra].
• 025 k̬ara̋m|o, abyss. -i, adj. abyssal.
• 026 k̨ażűro, salt steppe.
• 027 k̨ű|do, beach, shore, coast [> Turkish kıjı, seashore]. -ðnı̋no, surf.
• 028 la̋a̋m|o, swamp, quagmire [> Latin lāma, swamp]. -i, adj. swampy.
• 029 le̋ð|o, valley, vale, dale, glen [> English, slade]. -ko, dingle, dell.
• pol le̋|po, plain, esplanade, wold, open country [< le̋pi, adj. flat ]. -fra̋ȝo, butte.
• cpd lim̤̃a̋a̋sto, desert [lı̋m̃o, sand; m̃a̋a̋sto, wilderness].
• 030 lőuko, meadow, field, park [> English lea, ley].
• 031 ma̋a̋ro, rocky ground [> Turkish bor, earth].
• 032 moonı̋ȝo, mountain-, -chain, -range, mountains [> English, mountain].
• 033 mőőro, wooded hill.
• 034 mőro, mountain pasture.
• 035 m̃a̋a̋mto, wilderness [> Hungarian vad, wild].
• 036 m̃a̋a̋sto, wasteland [> English vast].
• 037 m̃a̋ngo, precipice.
• 038 m̃e̋żo, mineral spring [> Georgian veʒ-a mineral spring].
• 039 nemős|o, grove, bosket, boscage [> Latin, nemus grove]. -ri, adj. bosky.
• cpd nerzǫ̋do, undergrowth [ne̋ri, adj. under; zǫ̋da, t.v. grow].
• 040 n̨a̋mo, mountain side [> Turkish jamaç, mountain side].
• cpd oonle̋po, plateau tableland [őőni, adj. high; le̋po, plain].
• 041 pa̋a̋rto, heath, grassland, prairie, pampas, campo, veldt, moor [> Latin prātum, meadow].
• cpd peðra̋ȝo, foothill [pe̋do, foot; ra̋ȝo, hill].
• cpd perkŭfűro, oak forest [pe̋rk̬i, oak; fűro, forest].

drv ƣoore̋to, ridge [mountain] [< ƣőőra, i.v. jut out].

• cpd ƣoor|na̋a̋lo, promontory, headland [ƣőőra, i.v. jut out; na̋a̋lo, land]. -ta̋a̋ino, nunatak [ta̋a̋ino, stone].
• 042 ra̋ȝ|o, hill [> German Rain, ridge]. -de̋hmo, hillside.
• 043 sa̋ȝo, area covered with stones, stony riverbed [> Japanese sè, shallow place].
• drv sala̋a̋mo, salina, salt marsh.
• 044 sı̋ro, peninsula, cape [> Evenki sirkun, cape].
• cpd suum̃fűro, rainforest, jungle [suum̃e, rain; fűro, forest].
• 045 ṡa̋rlo, overfall [> Hungarian sellő, overfall].
• 046 ṡarsa̋a̋k|o, torrent. -i, adj. torrential.
• 047 ṡı̋mo, peak, summit, pinnacle, top [> Tamil cimai, mountain summit].
• cpd ṡooƣȝűxżo, pyroclastic flow [< ṡooƣ, ȝűx, żo, ].
• cpd ṡ̬oka̋m̃ro, shallows, shoal, sandbank.
• cpd tálx̨umla̋a̋mo, peat bog [ta̋le, earth; x̨űmo, coal; la̋a̋mo, swamp].
• 048 te̋e̋ngo, alluvial plain.
• 049 te̋þ|o, bog, fen, marsh, morass [> Manchurian detu, steppe]. -i, adj. boggy, marshy.
• cpd tiika̋m̃to, defile [tı̋ȝi, adj. narrow; ?].
• cpd tiina̋a̋lo, isthmus [tı̋ȝi, adj. narrow; na̋a̋lo, land].
• cpd tivra̋ȝo, grassy knoll [tibi, grass; ra̋ȝo, hill].
• pol tűbo, brow [< tűbo, edge].
• 050 þe̋e̋no, lowland [> Japanese taní valley].
• 051 va̋rm̃o, coniferous forest [> Old English bearo, grove].
• 052 ža̋m̃o, avalanche [> Georgian zvav, snow slide].
• 053 z̨űngo, tussock in a swamp [> Proto-Tungusic *suŋnī-, tussock in a swamp].

==Fresh water features – šááðhurzı̋nos

• 054 ehe̋r|o', lake [> Russian озеро, lake]. -i, adj. lacustrine.
• 055 ga̋vo, watercourse [> Etruscan gava watercourse].
• cpd ǧárehe̋ro, mountain lake tarn [ǧa̋ro, mountain; ehe̋ro, lake].
• 056 itűro, spring, source, fountain [> Gipuzcoan iturri, spring].
• 057 ȝűrmo, deep pool in river [Komi jurma, deep place in water].
• 058 la̋xm̃o, pond [> English lake].
• 059 lega̋ne, rivulet, rill.
• 060 m̃a̋ðko, river bend [> Hungarian völgy, valley].
• drv m̃a̋a̋ðo, ford [< m̃a̋a̋ða, t.v. ford].
• 061 nőro, moss on stream bed [> Saami ńō̰ra, moss on stream bed].
• 062 őrko, river-, -bed, -bottom [> Finnish orko, wet valley].
• 063 sǫ̋re, creek, brook.
• 064 ṡa̋a̋ȝo, sandbar [> Turkish čaj, small river].
• drv ṡuuṡűűmo, whirlpool eddy.
• 065 vőge, stream [> German Bach, brook].
• 066 xofı̋ro, rift [in a river] [> Turkish körpü, bridge].

Marine water features – márhurzı̋nos

• 067 aatűnto, bore, eagre.
• 068 ana̋lo, drift ice [> Greenlandic Inupik anaʁɫuk, dirty piece of calved ice].
• 069 de̋lṡa, t.v. make rough [sea].
• cpd gaƣkűűmo, tsunami, tidal wave [ga̋gi, adj. gigantic; kűűmo, wave].
• cpd ȝeƣma̋re, polar sea [ȝe̋go, ice; ma̋re, sea].
• cpd ȝuma̋re, inland sea [ȝűi, adj. inside; ma̋re, sea].
• 070 kaȝe̋mƣo, shore ice [> Greenlandic Inupik qāŋŋuq, ice edge].
• 071 kűűm|o, wave, billow, surge [> English cumulus]. -főőro, wave crest. -le̋ðo, wave trough.
• 072 kűro, ice floe.
• 073 ma̋r|e [anim.] sea [> English marine]. -k̨űdo, sea-, -shore, -coast. -ǫ̋lo, estuary, inlet. -tı̋ȝo, strait, narrows, channel, sound.
• cpd (már)taainbűko, reef [ma̋re, sea; ta̋a̋ino, stone; bűko, chain].
• cpd puskűro, pack ice [pűṡa, t.v. compress; kűro, ice floe].
• 074 se̋m|a, i.v. flood [of the tide]. -o, flood-, rising-, -tide. -żo, spring tide.
• 075 tena̋go, hole under the water; shoal shallows [> Greek τένᾰγος, shoal].
• 076 tı̋ı̋rt|e [anim.]. ocean. -i, adj. oceanic, pelagic.
• cpd tiȝőőuso, fjord. [tı̋ȝi, adj. narrow; őőuso, ?]
• 077 tűűfo, bottom of the sea.
• 078 þőőlo, incoming tide [> Japanese toro, deep water].
• 079 űnto, tide [> Japanese úzu, whirlpool].
• 080 xa̋r|a, i.v. ebb [> Japanese kata, ebb tide]. -o, ebb(-tide), low tide. -żo, neap tide.
• 081 xe̋|bo, bay, gulf [> Korean kä, estuary]. -vko, cove.

81/3+0/.04%