Poswa irregular verbs

From FrathWiki
Revision as of 08:03, 29 April 2016 by Soap (talk | contribs) (→‎sys)
Jump to navigationJump to search

Irregular verbs

A

B

F

I

K

L

M

mi

The verb mi "to see" is an irregular verb with a stem change to the oblique variant v-:

mi Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person vi vo vub
2nd person ve vae vi
3rd person vel va vob
Transitive 1st person vebi vabo vwub
2nd person vebe vabae vwi
3rd person vebel vaba vwob

The forms of this verb carry over to compound verbs with mi as the last element, such as the emphatic blomi "to see with one's eyes" and tomi "to imagine, to visually hallucinate or see a mirage". Indeed, mi was a regular verb until it was analogized towards the compound forms that underwent the sound change, since the sound change /mi/ ---> /v/ only happened in unstressed syllables. Thus one can say

Vebi!
I saw you!
Wapom! Tovebi!
Whoops! I thought I saw you!

Likewise,

Vub!
Let me see!
Blovub!
Really! Let me see!

N

niapa

Below is the conjugation for niapa "to shield, protect from harm". For most of the table, niapa is a "hyper-regular" verb, meaning that it disobeys even the consonant mutation rules that the regular nouns follow. But in the transitive imperative, it becomes irregular in the sense that it is one of the very few verbs in which the normally reliable -b- that appears in transitive verbs has changed to -p-. This is under the influence of a previously existing -š-:

niapa Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person niapi niapo niapub
2nd person niape niapae niapi
3rd person niapel niapa niapob
Transitive 1st person niapebi niapabo niappub
2nd person niapebe niapabae niappi
3rd person niapebel niapaba niappob


Niappi!
Protect me!

P

pampap

The verb pampap is the reflexive form of pampa "to comb". Because it is reflexive, it is generally understood to mean to comb one's hair. It is a hyper-regular syncopating verb:


Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person pampi pampo pampub
2nd person pampe pampae pampi
3rd person pampel pampa pampob
Transitive 1st person pampebi pampabo pampypub
2nd person pampebe pampabae pampypi
3rd person pampebel pampaba pampypob
Pampo.
I'm combing my hair.

pappo

The verb pappo "to bite" is a suppletive verb that is otherwise regular:

Agent Patient Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person pappwi pappwo pappwub
2nd person pappwe pappwae pappwi
3rd person pappwel pappwa pappwob
Transitive 1st person 2nd person pappwebi pappwabo pappwubub
3rd person
2nd person 1st person pappwebe pappwabae pappwubi
3rd person
3rd person 1st person pappwebel pappwaba pappwubob
2nd person

This verb was formed from the merger of the two stems pappo "to bite, as with fangs; to hold with the teeth" and the rare verb pappop "to chew", a derivative of pappop "cheeks". Even though pappop was longer, its conjugated forms were shorter than those of pappo. The new verb thus shares the meaning of both original verbs:

Pappwebi beffap.
I bit on the stick.
Pappwebi popfop.
I carried the pencil (in my teeth).

The iterative form of the verb, which takes the infix -at-, is most often used when the sense of a repeated action is intended:

Tašepi pappwatwebi.
I was chewing on an apple.

However, when the sense of a single pointed thrust is meant, as in the case of a sharp-toothed animal that bites into someone but does not intend to bite anything off, the simple aspect is used after all:

Bibubbum pypiop pappwaba.
Spiders are biting my hands.

plomip

The verb plomip "to pray, to request for" is a syncopating verb:

plomip Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person plompwi plompwo plompwub
2nd person plompwe plompwae plompwi
3rd person plompwel plompwa plompwob
Transitive 1st person plompwebi plompwabo plompwubub
2nd person plompwebe plompwabae plompwubi
3rd person plompwebel plompwaba plompwubob

Note that this verb is a doublet of plommip, which has no significant difference in meaning. Plommip is regular because there are no sound changes which could have created an -mmp- cluster in the middle of a word. Thus

Pawiapop plompwabo.

and

Pawiapop plommipwabo.

both mean

"I'm praying for a boat."

pobbia

Below is the conjugation for pobbia "to lactate":

pobbia Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person pobbwi pobbwo pobbwub
2nd person pobbwe pobbwae pobbwi
3rd person pobbwel pobbwa pobbwob
Transitive 1st person pobbwebi pobbwabo pobbwubub
2nd person pobbwebe pobbwabae pobbwubi
3rd person pobbwebel pobbwaba pobbwubob

The rarely used transitive form of this verb was analogized from an earlier form producing *pobbwiwebi and so on:

Be₁, piabo₂ pobbwo.₃ Wavam?₄
Yes₁, I'm still₂ lactating.₃ Why?₄

Note that this is not a reflexive verb, but that it can be used with a reflexive marker, in which case it becomes regular:

Pobbiafi₁ burmanub.₂
I milked myself₁ with the breast pump.₂

pys

The verb pys "to find" is an irregular stem-changing verb:


pu Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person pwi pwo pwub
2nd person pwe pwae pwi
3rd person pwel pwa pwob
Transitive 1st person pwebi pwabo pwubub
2nd person pwebe pwabae pwubi
3rd person pwebel pwaba pwubob
Pwebi bwafwap temwašem.
I found a worm on the ground.

R

S

Below is the conjugation of sopa "to answer, respond appropriately":[1]

sopa Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person soffi soffo soffub
2nd person soffe soffae soffi
3rd person soffel soffa soffob
Transitive 1st person soffebi soffabo soffypub
2nd person soffebe soffabae soffypi
3rd person soffebel soffaba soffypob



sys

The verb sys "to sleep" is an irregular stem-changing verb:


sys Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person swi swo swub
2nd person swe swae swi
3rd person swel swa swob
Transitive 1st person swebi swabo swubub
2nd person swebe swabae swubi
3rd person swebel swaba swubob
Tus, swebi?
Did I put you to sleep?

For the most part, the multitude of verbs ending in -sis such as besis "to sleep like a baby" and pipsis "to sleep in a tree" behave regularly and thus do not rhyme with the simple standalone verb for sleep. However, ad hoc coinages do exist, particularly for words in which the first morpheme in the compound has not been affected by sound changes. Poswobs thus can choose between

Beswi!
I slept like a baby!

Using the normal verb for sleep, or

Besiši!
I slept like a baby!

Treating it like a normal -s verb.

Š

T

U

V

W

Ž

bottom

Agent Patient Past Present Imperative
Intransitive 1st person
2nd person
3rd person
Transitive 1st person 2nd person
3rd person
2nd person 1st person
3rd person
3rd person 1st person
2nd person
Deixis

Note to self: consider replacing the patient "1st/2nd/3rd person" with "proximal" and "distal" instead, as that's really what they are. This could be called a deictic person system.

Notes

  1. This was actually an error ... sopo, etc should be soffo, unless it was regularized during the change of pf>ff and then later underwent pf>p.