Senjecas - break
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Pronunciation table
| p | b | f | v | ƿ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ł | l | c | ƶ | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ᵹ | h | ȝ | š | ṡ | i | e | a | ɔ | o | u | ı | ɛ | y | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̊/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ |
Transitive
- 1. le̋ma - separate into two or more pieces
- nu gı̋ndom e-le̋ma:
- She broke the cup.
n-u gı̋nd-om e=le̋m-a 3-NOM.SG cup-ACC.SG PST=break-IND
- 2. le̋ma - crack or fracture under a physical strain
- hűsu ȝe̋gom éna e-pı̋za da la̋kom e-le̋ma:
- The boy slipped on the ice and broke his leg.
hűs-u ȝe̋g-om éna e=pı̋z-a da la̋k-om e=le̋m-a boy-NOM.SG ice-ACC.SG on PST=slip-IND and leg-ACC.SG PST=break-IND
- 3. pűla - divide something into smaller units
- k̬a̋pu pıpı̋no dę̋gon éna mų̋tom e-pűla:
- The merchant broke the bundle into smaller parcels.
k̬a̋p-u pı~pı̋no-Ø dę̋g-on éna mų̋t-om e=pűl-a merchant-NOM.SG CPAR~small-ABS parcel-ACC.PL into bundle-ACC.SG PST=divide-IND
- 4. dusrę̋da - crush the spirit
- gunős i-mǫ̋do kísu kőlaþum u-dusrę̋da:
- This method of torture will surely break the prisoner.
gunős i=mǫ̋d-o kísu kőlaþ-um u=dus=rę̋d-a torture-GEN.SG this=method-NOM.SG surely prisoner-ACC.SG FUT=dis=cheer-IND
- 5. dőma - cause to lose the will
- tu mőrem dőmu ke̋la. ṅópa mı̋mu mą̋ᵹa:
- You have to break a horse before you can ride.
t-u mőr-em dőm-u ke̋l-a ṅópi mı̋m-u mą̋ᵹ-a 2s-NOM horse-ACC.SG break-SUP must-IND before ride-SUP be.able-IND
- 6. ðe̋ƶa - interrupt; destroy the continuity of; dissolve or terminate
- na̋bo są̋mom e-ðe̋ƶa:
- The explosion broke the silence.
na̋b-o są̋m-om e=ðe̋ƶ-a explosion-NOM.SG silence-ACC.SG PST=break-IND
- 7. lı̋ða - violate, not adhere to
- ur-nu į-þús o nu-k̬e̋tom e-lı̋ða:
- He broke his promise to her.
ur=n-u į=þ-ús o nu=k̬e̋t-om e=lı̋ð-a MALE=3-NOM.SG FEM=4-GEN.SG to his=promise-ACC.SG PST=break-IND
- 8. ƿine̋uda - stop, or to cause to stop, functioning properly or altogether
- tu ḳǫ̋rlom ƿine̋udame:
- Did you break the churn?
t-u ḳǫ̋rl-om ƿi=ne̋ud-a=me 2s-NOM churn-ACC.SG CONV=utilize-IND=Q
- 9. pa̋xa - interrupt (a fall) by inserting something so that the falling object not hit something else beneath
- nu tűngom ų́da ı̋tom e-t̬ı̋ła. hi ne̋ri dų̋sis nu-fǫ̋lom e- pa̋xa:
- He survived the jump out the window because the bushes below broke his fall.
n-u tűng-om ų́da ı̋t-om e=t̬ı̋ł-a hi ne̋ri-Ø dų̋s-is nu=fǫ̋l-om e=pa̋x-a 3-NOM.SG window-ACC.SG out.of jump-ACC.SG PST=survive-IND because below-ABS bush-NOM.PL his=fall-ACC.SG PST=stop-IND
Intransitive
- 1. őna - be overwhelmed with sorrow or grief
- mu-sűð' őna:
- My heart is breaking.
mu=sűð-' őn-a my=heart-EL be.overwhelmed.with.grief-IND
- 2. de̋usa - pass the most dangerous part of the illness
- nu-ðe̋ło vaiᵹa̋s éna e-de̋usa:
- His fever broke at dawn.
nu=ðe̋ł-o vaiᵹ-a̋s éna e=de̋us-a his=fever-NOM.SG dawn-GEN.SG at PST=stop-IND
- 3. vı̋ra - collapse into surf
- mu ḳűdom éna vı̋ranto da̋lo' na̋ka:
- I see waves breaking on the shore.
m-u ḳűd-om éna vı̋r-a-nto-Ø da̋l-o-' na̋k-a 1s-NOM shore-ACC.SG on collapse-IND-AP-ABS wave-ACC.PL-EL see-IND
- 4. þűka - end of a storm or spell of weather
- mu tei tı̨̋þo i-la̋þom ƿu-taᵹős fésa þűk' ı̋ca:
- I hope this hot weather breaks before our trip.
m-u tei tı̨̋þo-Ø i=la̋þ-om ƿu=taᵹ-ős fésa þűk-' ı̋c-a 1s-NOM REL hot-ABS this=weather-ACC.SG our=trip-GEN.SG before finish-EL hope-IND
- 5. ƶűka - interrupt or cease one's work or occupation temporarily
- ƿú ƶűke: pósu ną́nu tőde:
- Let's (take a) break, then start again.
ƿ-ú ƶűk-e pósu ną́nu tőd-e 1p-VOC pause-IMP then again begin-IMP
