Universalglot Articles and Nouns

ARTICLES

Un = a, an Sing. El = the Un = a, an Plur. Li = the

NOUNS

Nouns are always invariable. If they are not preceded by a sign of the singular, for example: el, un...., they are considered to be plural. For example: I hab kaval = I have horses.

The feminine is formed by the suffix -in. For example: kaval = horse; kavalin = mare.

Nouns may be formed from other words with the use of the suffix -nes. Example: mild = sweet, soft, mildnes = sweetness, softness; up = on, high, upnes = height; lekten = to read, lektnes = (a) reading; ben = good, bennes = goodness; bold = bold, boldnes = boldness; klement = clement, mild, klementnes = clemency

Endings of Nouns. --- -iet indicates the diminuative or the young of an animal. For example: kavaliet = colt, foal, kavalietin = filly.

-Er = mark of the doer. Example: el vork = the work, el vorker = the worker; el denk = the thought, el denker = the thinker; parlen = to talk, el parler = talker, speaker.

-Tol = tool, instrument. Example: rasen = to shave, rastol = razor.

-Stan = place. Example: kaval = horse, kavalstan = stable.

-Al, -el serve to form derivative nouns. Example: vok = voice, vokal = vocal; det = finger, detel = thimble.

In the case of words derived from Latin, the suffixes -ion, -sion, -tat, -ur and the like are retained. Example: union, adminstration, qualitat, leteratur. One might also say administratnes instead of administration.

Any word may be used as a noun with the use of the article. Example: bel = beautiful, el bel = beauty, eten = to eat, el eten = food.