Senjecas - take

Pronunciation table

peműko (labial)								riisűko (dental)								muitűko (alveolar)								vainűko (palatal)							ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै ए पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	REV = reversive	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	Q = interrogative particle	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

Text

• English Text
• Devanagari Text
• Senjecan Translation

Gloss

• 1. ga̋a̋na - To take something or someone with oneself.
• The little girl takes her doll to bed with her every night.
• पि॓नु ने॓स्कु भिस्लआ॔थ्भि थे॓गोम् दो एयु॔ऽ सु॔न क़॓कोम् गआ॓न॥
• pı̋nu ne̋sku vislááþvi þe̋gom do eȝú' súna xa̋kom ga̋a̋na:

pı̋nu-Ø	ne̋sk-u	vis.lááþ=vi	þe̋g-om	do	eȝ-ú	súna	xa̋k-om	ga̋a̋n-a
little-ABS	girl-N.s	every.night=ADV	bed-A.s	to	3-G.s	with	doll-A.s	take-IND

• 2. ga̋a - To get into one's hands, possession or control, with or without force.
• The boy took the egg out of the box.
• हु॓सु इ॓भ्कोम् ए॔ह तौ॓लोम् ए-ग॓अ॥
• hűsu ı̋vkom éha tőőlom e-ga̋a:

hűs-u	ı̋vk-om	éha	tőől-om	e=ga̋-a
boy-N.s	box-A.s	out.of	egg-A.s	PST=take-IND

• 3. e̋ma - To seize or capture.
• The enemy took the town without meeting resistance.
• न्ये॓तु रो॓ध्रम् सि॓म्तुम् स॔न रई॓कोम् ए-ए॓म॥
• n̨e̋tu rőðram sı̋mtum sána rı̋ı̋kom e-e̋ma:

n̨e̋t-u	rőðr-am	sı̋mt-um	sána	rı̋ı̋=k-om	e=e̋m-a
enemy-N.s	resistance-A.s	meeting-A.s	without	city=DIM-A.s	PST=capture-IND

• 4. te̋ua - To accept and follow (advice, etc).
• I will take your advice and leave tomorrow.
• मु तु-अ॓उलोम् उ-ते॓उअ।द चु॔म़्भि उ-भि॓द॥
• mu tu-a̋ulom u-te̋ua. da ṡúm̃vi u-vı̋da:

m-u	tu=a̋ul-om	u=te̋u-a	da	ṡúm̃=vi	u=vı̋d-a
1s-N	your= advice-A.s	FUT=accept-IND	and	tomorrow=ADV	FUT=depart-IND

• 5. me̋e̋uða - To remove or end by death; to kill.
• The earthquake last night took three lives in our village.
• तल्रि॓रो हेस्यित॓स् म़ु-किलो॓स् ए॔न ति॓र् ग्वी॓तन् ए-मै॓उध॥
• talrı̋ro hesȝita̋s m̃u-kilős éna tı̋r ǧı̋ı̋tan e-me̋e̋uða:

tal.rı̋r-o	hes.ȝit-a̋s	m̃u=kil-ős	éna	tı̋r	ǧı̋ı̋t-an	e=me̋e̋uð-a
earth.quake-N.s	yester.evening-G.s	our=village-G.s	in	three	life-A.p	PST=claim-IND

• 6. se̋ha - To defeat (someone or something) in a fight.
• I can take you with just one punch.
• मु अ॔तु थु॓न् थोकोस् क़ॆ॔म तुम् से॓हु म॓ग़॥
• mu átu þűn þokős xéma tum se̋hu ma̋ƣa:

m-u	átu	þűn	þok-ős	xéma	t-um	se̋h-u	ma̋ƣ-a
1s-N	just	one	punch-G.s	with	2s-A	defeat-SUP	be.able-IND

• 7. se̋e̋pa - To grasp or grip.
• The farmer took her hand and helped her across the stream.
• स़ॊ॓ध्लु ई-एयु-म॓नोम् ए-सै॓प। द भो॓गेम् त॔र ए॔युम् ए-थो॓न॥
• zɔ̋ðlu ii-eȝu-ma̋nom e-se̋e̋pa. da vőgem tára éȝum e-þőna:

ur=éȝ-u	ii=eȝu=ma̋n-om	e=se̋e̋p-a	da	vőg-em	tára	éȝ-um	e=þőn-a
M=3-N.s	F=her=hand-A.s	PST=grasp-IND	and	stream-A.s	across	her-A.s	PST-help-IND

• 8. őpa - To select or choose; to pick.
• Take whichever horse you like.
• क्वे॔ने मोरेम्—त॔एम् तु क॓अ—ओ॓पे॥
• k̬éne mőrem—táem tu ka̋a—őpe:

k̬éne-Ø	mőr-em	tá-em	t-u	ka̋-a	őp-e
whichever-ABS	horse-A.s	that-A.s	2s-N	like-IND	choose-IND

• 9. de̋uka - To carry or lead.
• Please take the horse into the barn.
• बेग़ोम् ए॔न मो॓रेम् देउके॓य॥
• be̋ƣom éna mőrem deuke̋ȝa:

be̋ƣ-om	éna	mőr-em	deuk-e̋ȝa
barn-A.s	into	horse-A.s	lead-SBJ

• 10. ge̋na - To transport or carry; to convey to another place [of a path, road, etc.]; to lead [to a place]; to serve as a means of reaching.
• This path will take you to the beach.
• इ-फ्यऔ॓ल क्यु॓दोम् दो तुम् उ-गे॓न॥
• i-f̨őőlo k̨űdom do tum u-ge̋na:

i=f̨őől-o	k̨űd-om	do	t-um	u=ge̋n-a
this=path-N.s	beach-A.s	to	2s-A	FUT=convey-IND

• 11. ta̋ƣa - To travel into, through, or along.
• The boy took the lower road and got lost.
• हु॓सु ने॓रो पआ॓भोम् ए-त॓क़। द ह॓यथु ए-इ॓ल॥
• hűsu ne̋ro pa̋a̋vom e-ta̋ƣa. da ha̋ȝaþu e-ı̋la:

hűs-u	ne̋ro-Ø	pa̋a̋v-om	e=ta̋ƣ-a	da	ha̋ȝ-a-þ-u	e=ı̋l-a
boy-N.s	lower-ABS	road-A.s	PST=travel-IND	and	lose-IND-PP-N.s	PST=become-IND

• 13. sűna - To escort or conduct [a person].
• Let's take the children to the mountains this year.
• म़ु॔ इ-दिल॓स ग्व॓रोन् दो जौ॓नथुन् सु॓ने॥
• m̃ú i-dila̋s ǧa̋ron do żőőnaþun sűne̋:

m̃-ú	i=dil-a̋s	ǧa̋r-on	do	żőőn-a-þ-un	sűn-e
1s-V	this=year-G.s	mountain-A.p	to	beget-IND-PP-A.p	conduct-IMP

• 14. To use as a means of transportation.
  • a. re̋iða, 1. t.v. drive, ride. 2. i.v. go [in a vehicle], drive, ride; fare.
  • b. n̨a̋mna, t.v. ride [a steed].
• The family is going to take the red wagon to the annual meeting, while Dad will take his horse.
• ध॓मु दि॓लो मुथोम् दो रे॓उधो म़े॓ग़ोम् उ-रे॓इध। मे॔ति तआ॓थ्क मो॓रेम् उ-न्य॓म्न॥
• ða̋mu dı̋lo műþom do re̋uðo m̃e̋ƣom u-re̋iða. méti ta̋a̋þka mőrem u-n̨a̋mna:

ða̋m-u	dı̋lo-Ø	műþ-om	do	re̋uðo-Ø	m̃e̋ƣ-om	u=re̋ið-a	méti	ta̋a̋þ-k-a	mőr-em	u=n̨a̋mn-a
family-N.s	annual-ABS	meeting-A.s	to	red-ABS	wagon-A.s	FUT=ride-IND	while	father-DIM-N.s	horse-A.s	FUT=ride-IND

• 15. e̋da - To receive [medicine] into one's body.
• I take this simple every day to ease my stomach.
• मु ग्यो॓दोमऺ मॏ॓म़ु तआ॔द भिसह्भऽ इ-मूल्य॓क़्त्विम् ए॓द॥
• mu ɠődomĕ mɔ̋ɔ̋m̃u tááda visáhv' i-muulȝa̋xt̬im e̋da:

m-u	ɠőd-om=ĕ	mɔ̋ɔ̋m̃-u	tááda	vis.áh-v-'	i=muul.ȝa̋xt̬-im	e̋d-a
1s-N	stomach-A.s=EPEN	ease-SUP	in.order.to	every.day=ADV-ELIS	this=plant.medicine-A.s	eat-IND

• 16. e̋da - To partake of (food or drink); to consume.
• In the winter, we take supper just before sunset.
• म़ुस् हेम॓स् अ॔तु सूल्दूअ॓स् फे॔स यिते॓द॥
• m̃us hema̋s átu suulduua̋s fésa ȝite̋da:

m̃-us	hem-a̋s	átu	suul.duu-a̋s	fésa	ȝit.e̋d-a
1p-N	winter-G.s	just	sun.set-G.s	before	evening.eat-IND

• 17. na̋ma - To assume or suppose; to reckon; to regard or consider.
• We took them to be friendly, but they were not.
• म़ुस् ए॔युन् भि॓लुन् भूउ ए-न॓म। दऽ ए-भू॓अ ने॥
• m̃us éȝun vı̋lun vűűu e-na̋ma. d' e-vűűa ne:

m̃-us	éȝ-un	vı̋l-un	vűű-u	e=na̋m-a	d-'	e=vűű-a	ne
1p=N	3-A.p	friendly-A.p	be-SUUP	PST=assume-IND	but-ELIS	PST=be-IND	not

• 18. k̨a̋ra - To require, necessitate.
• It will take us at least a week to cross these mountains.
• इ-ग्व॓रोन् त॓रु लॅलि॔स्भि सेफ॓हम् म़ु॔स् ओ क्य॓र॥
• i-ǧa̋ron ta̋ru lĭlísvi sefa̋ham m̃ús o k̨a̋ra:

i=ǧa̋r-on	ta̋r-u	lĭ~lís=vi	sef.a̋h-am	m̃-ús	o	k̨a̋r-a
this=mountain-A.p	cross-SUP	EL~less=ADV	seven.day-A.s	1p-G	to	require-IND