Senjecas contranyms

Pronunciation table

पेमु॓को peműko (labial)								रीसु॓कॊ riisűko (dental)								मुइतु॓को muitűko (alveolar)								भइनु॓को vainűko (palatal)							च्युस्वे॓नोस् ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								नि॓थो च्युस्वे॓नोस् nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै ए पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	REV = reversive	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	Q = interrogative particle	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

• Cleave means either To split or sever something with, or as if with, a sharp instrument or to adhere, cling, or stick fast to something.
• 4a. He cleft the tree in twain with his axe.
• ए॔यु कॊम़ो॓स् क़े॔म द्वो॓ फआ॓योन् ए॔न ह॓इसिम् ए-फि॓स॥
• éȝu kɔm̃ős xéma d̬ő fa̋a̋ȝon éna ha̋isim e-fı̋sa:

éȝ-u	kɔm̃-ős	xéma	d̬ő	fa̋a̋ȝ-on	éna	ha̋is-im	e=fı̋s-a
3-N.s	axe-G.s	with	two	part=A.p	into	tree-A.s	PST=cleave-IND

• 4b. That is why a man leaves his father and mother and cleaves to his wife.
• नो–फ्यु॔दि म़ी॓रु तआ॓तम्क्वे मआ॓मम्क्व भि॓द द को॓स़ुम् लै॓य–ए॓स॥
• no—f̨űdi m̃ı̋ı̋ru ta̋a̋tamk̬e ma̋a̋mamk̬e vı̋da da kőzum le̋e̋ȝa—e̋sa:

n-o	f̨űdi	m̃ı̋ı̋r-u	ta̋a̋t-am=k̬e	ma̋a̋m-am=k̬e	vı̋d-a	da	kőz-um	le̋e̋ȝ-a	e̋s-a
that-N.s	why	man-N.s	father-A.s=and	mother-A.s=and	leave-IND	and	wife-A.s	cleave.to-IND	be-IND

• Dust means either to add or to remove the thing in question. Only the context will tell you which it is.
• 3a. She dusted the cake with powdered sugar.
• ए॔यु पोथ्स्वआदो॓स् क़े॔म भौ॓गोम् ए-धऊम़ि॓द्य॥
• éȝu poðšaadős xéma vőőgom e-ðuum̃ı̋d̨a:

éȝ-u	poð.šaad-ős	xéma	vőőg-om	e=ðuum̃-ı̋d̨-a
3s-N.s	powder.sugar-G.s	with	cake-A.s	PST=dust-TRZ-IND

• 3b. She dusts the furniture when she is angry.
• ए॔यु नो॔म्स़ोरि॓योम् म़िधऊ॓म–मे॓ति गे॓ग॥
• éȝu nómzorı̋ȝom m̃iðűűm̃a—méti ge̋ga:

éȝ-u	nóm.zor-ı̋ȝ-om	m̃i=ðűűm̃-a	méti	ge̋g-a
3s-N	home.furnishing-COL-A.s	REV=dust-IND	when	be.angry-IND

• Left can mean remain or depart.
• 2a. We left our home before the advancing army.
• म़ुस् ब॓जन्तु ओ॓मुम् न्यौ॔प म़ु-नो॓ञोम् ए-भि॓द॥
• m̃us ba̋żantu őmum n̨óópa m̃u-nőmom e-vı̋da:

m̃-us	ba̋ż-a-ntu-Ø	őm-um	n̨óópa	m̃u=nőm-om	e=vı̋d-a
1p-N	advance-IND-AP-ABS	army-A.s	before	our=home-A.s	PST=leave-IND

• 2b. We left all our possessions in the house.
• म़ुस् म़ैसो॓स् ए॔न ओ॓रो म़ु-उ॓धोन् ए-ते॓म॥
• m̃us m̃eesős éna őro m̃u-űðon e-te̋m̃a:

m̃-us	m̃ees-ős	éna	őro-Ø	m̃u=űð-on	e=te̋m̃-a
1p-N	house-G.s	in	all-ABS	our=possession-A.p	PST=leave-IND

• Out can mean visible or invisible.
• 1a. The moon was out as we walked in the park.
• ए॓इदे धे॓मन्त धे॓मन्तऽ ए-भू॓अ–मे॔ति म़ुस् सेभ्पआ॓थोम् ए॔न ए-ने॓द॥
• e̋ide ðe̋m̃ant' e-vűűa—méti m̃us sevpa̋a̋þom éna e-ne̋da:

e̋id-e	ðe̋m̃-a-nt-'	e=vűű-a	méti	m̃-us	sev.paaþ-ős	éna	e=ne̋d-a
moon-N.s	shine-IND-AP-ELIS	PS=be-IND	as	1p-N	pleasure.garden-A.	in	PST=walk-IND

• 1b. Please turn the lights out when you leave the room.
• फ्यो॓थोन् ग्वेसे॓य–मेति तु ते॓रोम् भि॓द॥
• f̨őþon ǧese̋ȝa—méti tu te̋rom vı̋da:

f̨őþ-on	ǧes-e̋ȝa	méti	t-u	te̋r-om	vı̋d-a
light-A.p	turn.out-SBJ	when	2s-N	room-A.s	leave-IND

• Peculiar means either out of the ordinary, odd, strange, unusual or 'common or usual for a certain place or circumstance; specific, particular.
• 4a. This stew has a peculiar taste.
• स़े॓बो त्यआ॓तो इ-दु॓ग़ोस् ओ भू॓अ॥
• ze̋bo t̨a̋a̋to i-duƣős o vűűa:

ze̋bo-Ø	t̨a̋a̋t-o	i=duƣ-ős	o	vűű-a
peculiar-ABS	taste-N.s	this=stew-G.s	to	be-IND

• 4b. The tur is peculiar to the Caucasus Mountains.
• कि॓ते युस्म॔र्ग्वरो॓म् ओ स्वे॓दे ए॓स॥
• kı̋te ȝusmárǧarőm o še̋ðe e̋sa:

kı̋t-e	ȝus.már.ǧar-őm	o	še̋ð-e	e̋s-a
tur-N.s	between.sea.mountain-G.p	to	peculiar-N.s	be-IND