Gund
Phonlogy
Plosive /p b t d k k_s ɡ/ "p b t d k x g"
Nasal /m n/ <m n>
Fricative /f v θ ð t_s s ʃ z h/ "f v þ ð z c š s h"
Aproximant /ɹ l j/ "r l j"
Semi-vowels /w/ "w"
Vowels /ɑ aʊ ɛ i o ø ʌ ɪ ɛ: u: ɑ: æ/ "a á e i o ø u y é ú aa ae"
Diphthongs /ɔɪ ʌɪ ɪə/ "eu ei ie"
Word finally:
c, /s/ > /k/
e, /e/ > /@/
a, /a/ > /@/
Some speakers would (if there were any) pronounce þorn unvoiced or eþ voiced
Alphabet:
A Á B C D Ð E É F G H I J K L M N O Ø P Q R S Š T Þ U Ú V W X Y Z a á b c d ð e é f g h i j k l m n o ø p q r s š t þ u ú v w x y z
Names in Gund pronunciation:
ah á be cé dé eþ uh éh ef gé hé ie je ke le em en oh ø pe ké ahr ess šé té þorn uhe úhe vé wé yx øps zet
Morphology:
Verbs are conjugated for person and tense
1st person: just the stem 2nd person: stem + st or est if the consonat is a t or d 3rd person: stem + t or et if the consonat is a t or d Plural 1st: unconjugated
- all plural forms of verbs for 2nd and 3rd are the same in plural
there is one prefix in Gund, ge /g@/ which marks the present participle. A final "t" is also added to the verb stem.
ge + stem + t
Gund has 4 suffixes, "and", "os" "ys" "ysan"
"and" marks the present participle.
in Gund the use of the word "am" which is a form of the verb "to be" is unecessary.
"yss" marks the past tense
"os" marks the plural
"ysan" marks the past progressive
Pronouns:
Pronouns have three cases, nominative, accusative, and Genitive. Gund has four types of pronouns, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter, and Inanimate
1st person singular nominative...Ek 2nd person singular nominative...Ðú
(3rd person singular nominative: Masculine...Ar Feminine...Sar Neuter...het Inanimate singular nominative...et)
1st person singular accusative...Mec 2nd person singular accusative...Þyk (3rd person singular accusative: Masculine...Arem Feminine...Sarem Neuter...het Inanimate singular accusative...etem)
1st person plural nominative...Uss 2nd person plural nominative...Ðose (3rd person plural nominative: Masculine...Aros Feminine...Saros Neuter...hetos Inanimate plural nominative...etos)
1st person plural accusative...Mec 2nd person plural accusative...Þykos (3rd person plural accusative: Masculine...Arom Feminine...Sarom Neuter...hetos Inanimate plural accusative...etemos)
Genitive:
1st person singular...Mehn 2nd person singular...þehn (3rd person singular: masculine...arehn feminine...sarehn neuter...hetehn inanimate...etehn)
1st person plural...áer 2nd person plural...þehnos (3rd person plural: masculine...arohn feminine...sarohn neuter...hetohn inanimate...etohn)
articles:
- The plural form of all the articles except "this" is the same as the femine form
- Ðie serz = The girl, Ðie serzos = the girls
nominative
- the:**
masculine --- Ðén feminine --- Ðie neuter --- þy indefinate --- þet
- a:**
masc. --- an feminine --- anie neuter --- anyn indefinate --- anet
accusative
- the:**
masculine --- Ðénem feminine --- Ðiem neuter --- þym inanimate --- þetem
- a:**
masc. --- anem feminine --- aniem neuter --- anym inanimate --- anet
This and that don't have gender:
this --- Ðyss plural --- Ðoss accusative --- Ðyssem plural --- Ðosem that --- Ðaet plural --- Ðaetos accusative --- Ðaem plural --- Ðaemos
Syntax
Gund is SVO with V2 word order like German it has 11 tenses:
Present I write the book, I write the-accusative book Ak šreib þetem buk
Future I will write the book, I will the-acc. book to-write Ak vill þetem buk šreiban
Present Progressive I am writing the book, I am-writing the-acc. book Ak šreiband þetem buk,
Past Progressive I was writing the book, I write-pst-pro the-acc. book Ak šreibysan þetem buk
Future Progressive I will be writing the book, I will the-acc. book to-be to-write-pre-prt Ak vill þetem buk benan šreiband
Present Perfect I have written the book, I have the-acc. book to-write-pst-part. Ak hyv þetem buk gešreibt
Past Perfect I had written the book, have-past-tense the-acc. book to-write-pst-prt Ak hyvys þetem buk gešreibt
Future Perfect I will have written the book, I will the-acc. book to-have to-write-pst-prt Ak vill þetem buk hyvan gešreibt
Present Perfect Progressive I have been writing a book, I have the-acc. book to-be to-write-pr-prt Ak hyv þetem buk benan šreiband
Past Perfect Progressive I had been writting the book, I have-past-tense the-acc. book to-be to-write-pre-prt Ak hyvys þetem buk benan šreiband
Future Perfect Progressive I will have been writting the book, I will the-acc. book to-have to-be to-write-pre-prt Ak vill þetem buk hyvan benan šreiband
The only irregular verb:
Benan - to be 1st person --- ben 2nd person --- best 3rd person --- best inanimate --- best Plural 1st --- benan
Thing you would learn in kindergarten:
Days, months Monday...Mondak Tuesday...Ðúsdak Wednesday...Vensdak Thursday...Donsdak Friday...Frédak Saturday...Samsdak - a tribute to me (my name is Sam ;) ) Sunday...Sonsdak
Months(in correct order):
Janú Febú Merch Apryl Mei Jún Júle Ágúst Septembar Aktobar Novembar Dézembar
Numbers:
ahn dún þrie fie fef syš seb akt nien zik alf zølf þriezik fiezik fefzik syšik sebzik aktzik nienzik
dúnie þrienie fienie fefie syšie sebie aktie nienie
húndar ahneðehúndar dúneðehúndar...
