User:Masako/naho

Syntax

Kala is primarily SOV (Subject-Object-Verb), but throughout this grammar is referred to as APV (Agent-Patient-Verb). The patient is most often marked for the accusative case (-n), however pronouns are marked with e-, and a topic marker ke is precedes the patient that is being topicalized.

na tiyan ueha

1s bread-ACC want

I want bread.

Particles

Syntactic particles that mark phrases in various ways ...

• ka is the interrogative particle [Q] and always occurs finnaly.

ta anya ka

2SG see Q

Do you see?

• ma - and; also; too; as well (as), basic noun phrase conjunction

Nouns

Gender

Gender is not normally marked...

• Masculine gender [MASC] is marked with -ta from tlaka meaning "man; male".

• Feminine gender [FEM] is marked with -na from naka meaning "woman; female".

Verbs

Moods

• Abilitative mood [ABIL] is marked with -pa from pala meaning "be able; can; possible". It can also be thought of as the potential mood [POT].
• Desiderative mood [DES] is marked with -ue from ueha meaning "want; desire; wish (for)". It can also be thought of as the volitive, or optative mood.