Kala/lexicon/theme

Movement

• pyola - rotate; revolve; spin; whirl; roll
• tapya - follow; accompany
• tatsi - stand; set up; establish
• tala - return; come [back]; arrive
• tipua - decline; drop; fall
• titsua - swagger; walk with a wide stance
• topu - jump; bounce; hop
• kuetso - stroll; amble; walk leisurely
• kyehu - have a moment of leisure; take a break
• nkoma - raise; hoist; rise
• mase - dance; move music; flicker [flame]
• moku - rest; sleep
• nyoso - squat; crouch
• sima - sit; take a seat
• hika - wait; wait for
• huato - move about; be in motion; to and fro
• tsimpa - be lame; move with difficulty; limp
• tlaha - leave; depart
• tlina - stop; halt; cease
• aka - drive; move slightly; shift
• empa - run; flee; race
• emyo - walk in an awkward, drunken fashion
• inka - be still; calm; quiet; not moving
• ila - sail; fly; navigate
• yala - walk; go; travel
• yoko - swim; wade

Time

• sanya - second [of time]
• punu - minute [of time]
• tsima - hour; o'clock; time

• yoma - day; daytime
  • yomua - dawn; daybreak; morning [a.m.]
  • yotso - midday; noon
  • puama - afternoon; dusk; evening [p.m.]
  • yohua - night; nighttime
  • huatso - midnight

• sema - week [7 days]
• sayo - calendar month [19 days]

• muasa - season
  • kueta - spring [season]
  • natsu - summer
  • aki - autumn; fall
  • neku - winter

• anyo - year [365/366 days]
• uenyo - decade; period
• sanyo - era; [19 years]
• nyema - century
• uepya - age; 361 years [19 sanyo]
• tsa'atli - epoch; 6859 years [19 uepya]
• tlenyo - millennium

• sayoma - calendar; date

• atli - future; future tense [FUT]
• aye - past; past tense [PST]

• nkihua - be lengthy; be long [duration]
• uye - time to time; now and then; occasionally
• kuaho - be short; soon [duration]
• nante - seldom; rare

Animals

• masa - cervine; deer; elk
• tsa'a - beaver
• patsi - breed livestock; herd
• tsanko - ape; monkey; primate
• panya - rodent [rat; mouse]
• haya - animal; beast
• kina - mammal
• sinka - lion
• pili - hyena
• kinti - squirrel
• kili - giraffe
• itsu - squeak; chirp or peep
• ipye - horn of animal
• noka - beak; bill; mouth
• tsola - fox
• koni - skunk
• koli - extremity; tag along; tail
• soli - badger; ferret
• tlo'o - elephant
• otso - wolf; lupine
• kuma - bear
• utla - otter
• tsuhi - leopard / jaguar
• tsuyo - armadillo
• kuatse - opossum
• tsuene - baboon
• pyaka - tiger
• yatsa - bridle; halter; reins
• yasu - bison; buffalo
• yele - pedestal; plinth; saddle
• yetso - boar [wild]
• kyotlo - coyote

Reptiles

• mpeka - frog; toad
• moko - lizard [reptile w/ legs]
• honu - turtle [sea]
• uani - alligator; crocodile
• kuatla - reptile; snake

Birds

• tanka - eagle; falcon; hawk
• tsatle - crane; egret; heron
• hapi - dove; pigeon
• pato - duck; male prostitute (slang)
• kapyo - gull; seagull
• mpelo - buzzard
• si'i - crow; raven
• tsiti - sparrow
• mpiko - black eagle; condor; vulture
• inko - macaw; parrot; puffin
• sono - partridge
• oku - owl
• kusa - bird; avian [that flies]
• husa - goose; swan

• peka - bat [animal]
• pyotsi - tail or caudal fin or feathers
• ki'i - screech; shriek; chirp or peep [onomatopoeia]
• tloma - feather; plumage; plume
• ala - wing
• otla - bird; avian

Flightless

• peti - bird; avian [flightless]
• mpuni - ostrich
• mano - chicken; fowl; poultry
• hinti - turkey
• tsunya - penguin

Domestic

• teli - ass; donkey; mule
• neko - cat; feline
• mita - canine; dog
• sikue - pig; pork; swine
• poti - goat; ram
• nkoyo - lamb; sheep
• unta - camel
• uma - equine; horse
• uaka - ox; cow; bull
• suaki - hare; rabbit
• mya'a - meow; cat noise

Insects

• nase - arachnid; spider
• sani - wasp
• tsati - hornet
• a'i - worm
• tlakua - cricket; slug; snail
• metse - cricket; grasshopper
• seko - scorpion
• piyo - bee; honeybee
• hotso - roach; cockroach
• tsunka - bug; insect; worm
• kupe - arthropod; tick
• kute - bite; sting [of insect]
• kupu - butterfly
• uese - louse
• nyamu - mosquito; fly; gnat
• hyesua - beetle
• pyoho - flea; mite; tick
• nyolo - ant; insect
• yotsu - grub; larva

Aquatic

• ahe - dolphin; porpoise
• nkahi - mollusks; crustaceans; echinoderms
• kehe - shark
• tepu - scales [of fish]
• eua - fin [of a fish]
• tlinka - herring; mackerel; carp
• pite - manatee; walrus
• tsinti - stingray
• simpu - clam; mussel; oyster
• poka - seal; pinniped
• mpoka - squid; ink fish; cuttlefish
• tona - tuna
• ole - crust; husk; shell
• tlohi - salmon; trout
• molo - cod [fish]
• kutsi - prawn; shrimp
• pukue - blowfish; puffer
• kuami - eel; water snake
• uatsi - fish
• puetsa - mantis; octopus
• nyanku - whale
• kye'u - gills of fish

Food

• matla - broth; casserole; soup
• tsala - dip; paste; sauce
• tsaki - chewing gum
• tlamu - appetizer; small side dish; easy job; piece of cake
• sento - leftovers [food]; salad
• tsemu - jam; marmalade
• ina - eat; food; sustenance
• sipo - be fat; lard; grease
• hoka - custard; pudding
• tlosa - almond [fruit; tree; color]
• oka - bake; cook
• sole - gelatin; jelly
• soho - crop; harvest
• tsoko - cacao; chocolate
• nokye - agriculture
• kutsu - flesh; meat
• tsuhu - candy; dessert; sweets
• tsuama - sandwich; wrap
• uanka - uncooked; untreated; raw
• uaki - boil; stew; simmer
• muena - clams and crabs; seafood
• huetla - peanut
• pyeta - egg; ovum; spawn
• nyoma - rice
• nyotlo - nut; seed

Drinks / Dairy

• pima - buttermilk
• mputsa - cheese
• supye - butter; cream; extract
• hyali - dairy; milk
• uakahyo - cow's milk
• nkapa - alcohol; ale; beer
• tsa'i - tea [leaves; plant]
• kaua - coffee
• napya - wine
• inu - beverage; drink; liquid
• kisue - soda water
• tsupu - mead [honey wine]
• yatso - ferment; brew; make honey; liquor
• hyota - juice; lotion; extract; cream

Cooking / Meals

• tame - be fried; pan-fry; sauté
• katso - meal; meal time
• aso - broil; grill; roast
• kope - baste [cookery]; grease; oil
• sotsi - dish; platter; specific food
• kuha - cook; prepare food
• hutsi - gruel; oatmeal; porridge
• kani - sausage
• tlenta - offal; mixed entrails; trivial matters
• peko - bacon; salt-cured meat
• tliha - minced meat; pickled meat
• ipu - dried meat; preserved fruit
• nyoki - dumpling; pot-sticker

Spices

• pani - vanilla; vanilla extract [fruit; tree; color]
• penyo - hot pepper; jalapeño; chili; paprika
• puti - mint; spearmint
• kyetsa - mustard; wasabi
• kyonko - flavoring; seasoning; spice
• nkeli - cassia or cinnamon
• setsi - sage
• suka - acid; sour; vinegar
• heki - oregano [plant/flavor]
• tsini - sugar; sugarcane
• tsi'a - paprika; pepper
• tlasa - honey; nectar
• asi - salt
• aho - chives; garlic; leak
• impi - ginger [fruit; tree; color]
• utsi - parsley

Vegetables

• pamya - okra
• polo - hops; seed cones
• tapyo - cassava [leaves]
• tiko - clove [Eugenia aromatica]
• tohi - broccoli; cauliflower
• tohu - bean; pea; legume
• kopa - fungi; mushroom
• nkiye - vegetables
• mante - asparagus
• napo - turnip
• noho - chickpea; garbanzo; hummus
• seto - olive
• haue - carrot; radish
• husu - artichoke
• hyala - cucumber
• tletsu - lettuce
• tlotsi - chives; onion; scallions
• apyo - celery
• ahya - potato; yam
• ua'a - spinach
• ueke - lentil
• yotli - gourd; melon; squash
• kanka - corn; maize

Fruit

• napa - grape; raisin
• nasi - pear [fruit; tree; color]
• tsatli - pineapple
• panto - tomato
• natlo - plum; prune [fruit; tree; color]
• ahua - avocado [fruit; tree; color]
• tetsu - dates [fruit; tree; color]; jujube
• ti'u - fig [Ficus carica]
• ntimu - lemon
• isu - peel; rind
• piua - loquat [fruit; tree; color]
• poma - apple [fruit; tree; color]
• motsa - banana
• mole - apricot [fruit; tree; color]
• tlonya - citron; grapefruit [fruit; tree]
• punka - fruit; fruit tree
• puki - pomegranate [fruit; tree]
• tsuli - currant; gooseberry
• kuana - peach [fruit; tree; color]
• suante - lime [fruit; tree; color]
• kuanto - cherry [tree; wood]
• muela - raspberry
• yako - berry; strawberry

Bread

• ale - barley; oats; wheat
• ami - amylum; starch
• panu - pastry; steamed bun; cake
• tekyo - dough; noodle; pasta
• pinka - biscuit; cookie; cracker
• pitsa - pancake; pizza
• tiya - bread; make bread
• moka - flour; wheat; white-faced
• tloke - rye [Secale cereale]
• kopo - fermentation; yeast
• ku'u - cereal; grain

Speech

• kala - language; talk; say; speak
• nkata - agree; consent; approve
• tale - pronounce; pronunciation; emit sound
• halo - argue; debate; discuss; dispute; quibble
• anko - cipher; encode
• anue - tell; instruct; command
• kanyo - question; ask; raise a question
• tsenku - commonly used phrase; idiom; colloquial usage
• meya - refined language; poetic genre
• teye - clause; phrase; sentence
• peyo - metaphor; analogy
• mila - word; language component; morpheme
• nita - exclaim; insert; interject
• toka - tone; manner of speaking; mood
• oma - roar or howl; bellow of rage; yell; shout
• koso - assure; guarantee
• poya - complain; grumble; grievance
• puampo - misinterpret; misread; misunderstand
• uanko - euphemism; euphemistic
• uakya - babble, speak incoherently; inane talk
• kueti - accuse; charge; indict
• myata - to hint at; to imply; sth hidden
• yaku - translate; interpret
• yaua - reply; answer; return; respond; echo
• yeli - summarize; generalize; generalization

Around Town

• mpa'a - film; movie; cinema
• kama - city; town; village
• tase - consulate; embassy; diplomacy
• matle - statue; sculpture; carve
• tsane - pavilion; gazebo; roofed tent
• tali - church; shrine; temple
• hati - gardens; park
• ahu - dam; weir; dike; embankment
• hakyo - college; school; university
• kenta - capital city for a seat of government
• nepa - tunnel; underground passage
• hema - tent; net; tarp; pavilion
• hete - grave; tomb; mausoleum
• eki - post horse; relay station
• misa - highway; road; street
• tsitli - farm; ranch
• tilo - railway; track; train
• hilo - plaza; public square
• pitsu - hall; museum
• niua - depot; garden; yard
• miyo - hair salon; hair dresser's shop
• kotse - factory; plant; workshop
• kopi - bridge; crosspiece
• notli - hotel; inn; tavern
• komo - barn; stall; stable; manger; shed
• kule - keep; tower
• suke - lane; alley
• suku - market; shop; store
• uanki - confine; imprison; jail
• muesa - organization; agency; institution
• huesa - company; firm; enterprise; corporation
• sueni - mortar; concrete; cement
• uemi - barracks; castle; fortress
• yopi - mail; post [office]
• pyolo - business; office
• yono - drama; play; theater

Nature

• patla - field; pasture; plain
• kata - essence; nature; universe
• sama - sun; star; solar; stellar
• take - scenery; scene; landscape; view
• tani - gully; ravine; valley
• tsamo - reef; coral reef; shoal rock
• masu - countryside; areas outside the city
• kaya - earth; planet; world
• tesa - sediment; deposit; sedimentation (geology)
• heka - cliff; rock face
• pele - volcano; volcanic
• penua - continent; island
• simo - hole; pit; abyss; hell
• ilo - cave; cavern
• tonta - permafrost; tundra; layer of frozen soil
• kohe - plateau; bluff; mesa
• soki - muddy; mud
• okyo - clearing; glade
• puna - dirt; earth; land; soil; mud
• muhi - environment; surrounding area; ecology
• kunye - moon; lunar; satellite
• puani - bank; beach; coast; shore
• kuelo - gorge; strait; ravine; isthmus
• ueto - stellar system; galaxy
• yama - mountain; hill
• hyeka - sand; beach; finely ground rock
• nyemi - cape; headland; promontory; peninsula
• kyoma - barren place; desert
• yonka - lava; magma

Weather

• pana - rain; rainy
• manka - chill; cold; cool
• pakyo - storm; violent commotion
• tsene - lightning; thunderbolt
• heua - air; oxygen; sky
• sitsa - heat; hot; warm
• kihu - weather; climate; atmosphere; situation
• kihua - clear; fine [weather]
• tlolo - cool / warm [medium temperature]
• kohu - fog; mist; vapor; steam
• tloua - dew
• tsuali - thunder; rumble
• yasa - air; wind; [news, style]
• nyepa - cloud
• yelo - freeze; hail; ice; sleet

Water

• panta - marsh; swamp; wetlands; glade
• naha - creek; river; stream
• sanka - delta [geography]
• nampu - fountain; spring
• maya - fluid; water; wet
• sela - waterfall; cascade; heavy rain
• tini - spiral; whirlpool
• tipu - bottom; lowest part; seabed
• tsiua - lake; pond; pool
• konto - flow [the movement of liquid]; current
• motso - undulation; wave; ripple [effect]; tide
• hoko - trench; moat
• hono - harbor; port
• muana - ocean; sea
• uanyo - bay; gulf [body of water]
• sueho - surf; the sound of waves

Body

• pasa - nausea; feel sick; disgust
• saka - gender; sex
• sana - health; hygiene; welfare
• anta - breathe; suck in; absorb; inhale
• anka - pelvis; hip joint
• kaho - operculum; a covering flap [of skin]
• hatsu - fever; temperature; pyrexia
• asua - hide; pelt; skin; fur; leather
• samya - exhale; blow; puff
• napye - scar; bruise; pockmark
• keha - body [human]; health; anatomy
• pese - gland
• tlempe - lymphatic fluid; lymph
• tseno - thigh; crotch
• tima - bleed; blood
• sila - arteries; veins; blood vessel
• ika - age; generation
• sipi - acne; pimple; zit; wart
• niku - muscle; tendon
• siua - nerve; bundle of neurons
• oha - gape; yawn; open one's mouth
• komi - allergic; allergy
• oso - genitalia; groin
• sohua - digest; digestion; digestive
• uha - anus; buttock
• hutse - cell (biology)
• suyo - goiter; tumor; lump
• suepa - blister; bleb [watery blister]
• hueta - testicle
• muetlo - sweat; perspiration
• ueso - bone
• yela - fart; talk nonsense; rubbish! [euphemism]
• yetlo - malnourished and sickly in appearance
• pyoki - disease; ill; sick

Head

• ana - brain; head; mind
• tlasi - cough [up]
• ampi - mucus; snot; snivel
• ampu - smell; sniff; nose
• anu - ear; hear; listen
• tsaua - complexion; looks; appearance of one's face
• kaue - chin; jaw [look at sb]
• anya - eye; look; see
• senu - hair
• kipa - gums; inner mouth
• tsila - lip; outer mouth
• tlihya - beard; moustache
• tsihyo - discharge of the eyes; rheum
• suha - mouth; taste; tongue
• tsupa - saliva; spit
• puaka - forehead; skull; temples
• nyase - eyelashes
• yatsi - bite; chew; tooth
• myeka - neck; throat; voice
• yetsa - cry; tear; weep
• hyesu - esophagus
• yotsa - cheek; face
• yoho - eyelid; flutter; blink

Torso

• ate - liver [organ]
• panue - colon (large intestine)
• petso - abdomen; belly; stomach
• pito - navel; belly button
• sikyo - womb; placenta; uterus
• poko - bladder; urinate; urine
• monto - trunk; torso
• kotsu - clavicle; collarbone
• moyo - heart; mind; centre; core
• puha - lung
• muta - back; spine; dorsal; vertebrae
• mune - breast; chest; cleavage
• kupi - nipple; teat [on baby's bottle]
• uata - intestine; bowel; guts
• uenku - spleen
• myaku - heartbeat; pulse
• hyeku - kidney
• yo'i - rib; ribcage

Appendages

• tapo - shoulder; upper arm
• nema - knee; patella
• nehe - fingernail; toenail; scratch
• tila - finger; indicate; toe
• ile - hollow at the back of the knee
• tsiue - elbow
• sotla - foot; heel
• topi - ankle bone; ankle
• tsopua - ulna (anatomy); bone of the forearm
• sonyo - wrist; curl
• sune - shin
• ute - arm; armpit; forearm
• puatli - calf [of the leg]
• yaka - appendage; leg; limb
• yato - hand; palm

Science

• umyopi - email
• minta - sample; specimen
• hanyo - magnet; magnetic body
• tsoho - data; information; resource
• kuaha - study; science; -ology
• sekyo - bacterium; germ

Math

• mpala - odd number
• atla - mean; average
• pamua - not enough; be insufficient; inadequate
• mi - few; small amount; handful
• tiha - multiply (math.); multiplication; multi-
• hima - statistics; counted items
• tsinku - mathematical analysis; calculus
• tsisu - coefficient; factor; modulus; ratio
• ohi - decrease; reduce; subtract; less [than]
• oli - apiece; each; every
• tsuki - next; order; sequence [ordinal]
• kuto - mathematics; mathematical; math
• kumpu - rational number [fraction of two integers]
• usu - even number
• ukue - as many as; as much as
• kupye - excessive; too many/much
• uetli - exponent [math.]; power
• yeka - divide; separate; partition
• nyelo - extra; remainder; surplus

Music

• maka - music; play ~; tune
• tlapa - horn; wind instrument
• aha - melody; tune
• kanu - stringed instrument
• apua - sing; song
• metla - flute; sound of wind; whistle
• epye - scrape; scratch; play something (using a bow)
• sile - bell; sounding of a bell as a signal
• koti - beat a ~; drum; rhythm
• koto - drum beat; rhythm; tempo
• uase - harmonize; harmonious; harmony
• uetla - an upright drum
• uepu - musical score; sheet music
• myali - symphony; orchestra
• pyano - piano

Flora

• panki - hemp; cannabis
• nkaho - culm; stem; stalk
• tlamo - willow tree; poplar and willow
• pa'u - tree bark
• maua - flower; plant; bloom
• tleno - log; piece of wood; timber; plank
• tika - cane; rattan; vine
• sitla - lawn; meadow; sod; turf
• hini - reed; rush
• ito - tree; wood
• kisua - root of plant
• siue - herb; leaf
• kompa - mold; mildew; fungi
• tloha - grass; straw; weeds
• moli - forest; trees
• kompo - seaweed
• hunu - pollen
• huatla - acorn; oak
• kuanu - bush; woody plant
• suele - water lily [pad]; lotus
• yosu - moss; lichen; coating [of tongue]

Tools

• ntane - internet; network; web
• mahi - needle [for sewing]
• mpano - clamp; pincers; pliers; tongs
• hamo - hook; barb; check or tick mark
• tamye - radar [antenna; detector; echo]
• tsanye - starter button; on switch
• mayo - apparatus; device; equipment; tool [INSTR]
• kele - shackles; fetters; manacle
• tleme - disc; sheet; CD
• sempo - abacus; plan; scheme
• mehu - vacuum
• tsemua - candle; illuminate; wax
• mika - clippers; scissors; shears
• kinto - spanner; lever [on a machine]; wrench
• pola - shovel; spade; spatula [kitchen utensil]
• tlose - pestle; pound with a pestle
• tosi - dice; die
• kompu - computer; programmable device
• pula - cauldron; kettle; pot
• mpula - lamp; lantern; light
• tsunku - can; jar; pot; urn
• tsu'u - cork; plug
• kyali - spear; lance; pike
• nyalo - call; number; telephone
• kyopa - match; tool start a fire
• myokua - software [computer]

Writing

• kate - calligraphy; handwriting; penmanship
• matso - brushstroke; pen mark
• tatsu - glyph; logogram
• ete - pen; pencil; writing brush
• kitse - graffiti; scrawl; scribble
• tliua - novel; fiction
• yona - book; letter; scroll; record
• yomu - read; study; count; recite

Civilities

• nanka - emphasizing disgust; [interj. of contempt]
• hala - informal greeting [on phone]
• hako - you're welcome
• tsaya - damn [general invective]
• tsepa - please
• kese - be obscene; coarse; vulgar
• peso - meet; meeting
• teya - propose; request [PREC]; suggest
• kotsa - spiteful person [male or female]..."bitch/bastard"
• koya - apologize; remorse; sorry
• kuna - excrete; expel; defecate; shit
• muata - manners; be polite [ness]
• uatsa - welcome [when entering]
• uapya - insult; ridicule; disgrace
• pyasa - custom; convention; popular; common
• nyasa - gratitude; thank [you]
• yata - farewell; greet; hello
• yali - excuse; forgive; pardon

Directions

• nato - straight [direction]
• kita - north
• mina - south
• nisi - west
• timu - east
• nota - lie; be in horizontal position; horizon
• noki - vertical; erect; set upright; vertical stroke
• tsuta - backward; reverse
• muele - direction; orientation
• huetsi - compass; determine direction
• kyepe - diagonal; sharp turn; zigzag
• yomo - right side
• yoso - left side

Grammar

• ata - be named; name [so called]
• tatse - preposition
• katse - subjunctive; assumptive
• nkalo - pronoun
• naho - grammar; order; rule
• kamu - dictionary; encyclopedia; lexicon
• hapu - consonant; the initial consonant
• eka - affix: adhere; paste
• eke - object [in grammar]; patient [P]
• eme - verb tense
• kemi - passive; inactive
• penku - conjunction; connective
• ki - reflexive [REFL]; self [essence]
• ni - by [passive particle]
• ti'a - grammatical aspect
• tsi'u - transitive; transitivity
• imya - dialect; slang; vernacular
• nosa - subject; theme; topic
• konke - blank space on form; space between words
• tlome - Romanize; Romanization
• poso - radical [glyph]
• tloko - syllable
• oto - sound; [make] noise; tone; phone[me]
• tonua - allophone; allophony
• pusa - adverb
• musa - vowel
• muno - table of contents
• uati - verb
• uele - abbreviate; contraction
• yani - definition; meaning; symbolism

Belief

• mali - fictitious; theoretical; virtual
• nati - belief; myth; religion
• tenyo - heaven; paradise
• kuli - soul; spirit; vigor
• putsu - goblin; monster; phantom; demon
• puya - enchantment; magic; charm
• puana - deity; spiritual; ghost
• yompe - specter; apparition

Mesurements

• nkasa - measure; measurement
• hani - extent; range; scope; limit; spectrum
• manyo - size; height; stature
• nte- - mega [1000000]
• tle- - kilo [1000]
• meta - meter [unit of length]
• sena - liter [unit of volume]
• enka - narrow; tight; thin
• etsa - extent; degree [temperature etc]
• keya - gram [unit of mass]
• inte- - micro [0.000001]
• itle- - milli [0.001]
• tisi - bulk; volume
• ihue- - nano [0.000000001]
• iue- - deci [0.1]
• tlipya - pound; unit of mass (16 ounces)
• inye- - centi [0.01]
• nkolo - are [unit of area]
• soto - speed; rate; velocity
• hue- - giga [1000000000]
• ue- - deca [10]
• ueka - weigh; weight; measure
• pyasu - trajectory; mean; diameter
• nye- - hecto [100]
• myena - extent; surface [area]
• kyoli - spacing; distance; interval; length

Thought

• hata - error; mistake
• matsi - perception; perceive; perceptive
• tsaku - idea; thought; conception
• tasua - expect; presume; think [sth is likely]
• haua - believe; confidence; trust
• tsela - philosophic theory; philosophy
• keti - compose; construct by mental labor; think up
• senku - think poorly of someone
• enu - forecast; predict; estimate
• ketsua - resolution; decision; statement of intent
• tlitsi - reasoning; capacity of the human mind
• kiya - self-awareness; be self aware
• siya - act without a plan; improvise [slang]
• tlopa - forget; neglect; overlook
• osa - know-how; savoir-faire
• tlo'e - tide of thought; Zeitgeist
• tlomi - fascinate; strongly attract; obsess; captivate
• moto - remember; memory
• omo - consider; ponder; think
• toya - awareness; conscience; thinking
• sonya - dream; imagine
• tohyo - choose; decide; select
• omyo - way of looking at a thing; view; opinion
• onyo - learn; practice; study
• kuni - lucid dream
• nutsu - unbelievable; incredible; dubious
• unya - comprehend; know; understand
• yota - deduce; infer; derive; extrapolate

Conjunctions

• pa - although; even though; even if
• ma - and; also; too; as well [CONJ]
• ehe - but; yet; however
• po - so; consequently; thus; as a result
• ku - and; also; too; as well [CONJ] [clause level]
• ua - or; either
• ue - either X or Y
• uenke - neither X nor Y
• nya'e - in order that; so that
• nye - because of; due to
• yema - both X and Y
• yo - if X then Y

Particles

• kampa - cheers!; a toast
• tla'a - likely; probable; presumable
• ampa - as soon as possible
• tlalo - as it should be; certainly; of course; without doubt
• haye - early; quick[ly]; sudden[ly]; abrupt
• me'a - at the same time; simultaneous
• heta - how about it?; what do you think?
• ke'e - so; such; such a degree
• eya - maybe; perhaps
• kila - obvious
• inta - even; so much so that
• iya - besides; in addition; apart from that
• iye - if [but not]; irrealis
• oko - honorific reference; "yes sir/ma'am"
• koyo - whose; of who
• nyakua - by all means; by any means

• ka - question marker
• nka - emphatic negative
• ke - object particle [O]; compare [COMP] than
• ne - indirect object particle
• e - er; um; uh
• tso - already; since; previous
• mya - as …as; equative case [EQU]
• ya - vocative particle [VOC]
• kye - indirect speech particle
• kyo - hurry up! Quickly!

• ele - relative clause marker
• tatli - collective plural [COL]; group; pack
• peya - particle; piece of; dot; speck; spot; bit
• mpa - many; much; a lot of
• mpe - but; only; merely; just
• o - venerated [honorific]
• u - double for redundant syllable
• nua - frequent; often; regular
• tsua - almost; nearly; more or less
• kya - imperative [IMP] / co-hortative [HORT]
• mye - redo; resume

Clothing

• kasa - bamboo; parasol; umbrella
• tlapi - put on (clothes); don
• pano - cloth; woven material; textiles
• palo - cane; staff; walking stick
• pesa - bolt of cloth
• menka - cotton
• kenua - denim; jeans
• tsili - tailor; make clothes
• tlinku - clink of jewels; tinkling of gem-pendants
• ntoka - button; fasten; knot
• hola - cloth; towel; headscarf
• potsi - wallet; pouch; purse
• motsi - bag; pouch; sack
• tsosi - silk
• oyo - bead; small round object; pearl
• mpuli - fluff; lint [feel nervous]
• muti - fad; fashion
• puku - attire; clothes; wear
• numu - style; standard; pattern
• tsukua - tassel; ribbon; bow
• kyalo - gem; jewel; precious stone
• kyapu - fleece; wool; woolen
• yole - zip; zipper

Torso

• nampa - blouse; shirt; vest
• taki - coat; jacket; robe
• anti - suspenders; garters; strap; sling
• ani - ring (jewelry); bracelet
• tsesa - apron
• tlipa - ascot; cravat; necktie
• mitli - suit; tunic; tuxedo
• pono - face powder
• ntolo - locket; medallion; pendant
• uanku - spectacles; eyeglasses; -ocular; -scope
• yasi - cosmetics; makeup
• yeke - collar; neckband; neckline

Legs

• sapa - boot; footwear; shoe
• haka - drawers; pants; trousers
• niye - undergarment; underwear
• kona - dress; skirt
• opi - belt; sash; strap
• solo - socks; stockings; tights

Colors

• akai - deep red
• sahi - color; hue; shade
• tsampi - pale; wan
• malo - brown
• tsalo - clear; transparent
• aoya - deep blue
• ketla - red
• tsenka - orange [fruit; tree; color]
• elila - pink; rose
• kitsa - dark; darkly; darkness
• nila - blue
• tlila - purple
• kinya - silver; coins
• ola - gold
• kono - gray; stone; ash
• mono - blonde; fair
• oya - black
• kuya - green; foliage; verdant
• yana - yellow; saffron
• nyahi - white; snow
• nyeli - pink; rose
• nyome - beige; tan; khaki

Fighting

• panka - catch; seize; capture
• pama - whip; lash; flog; thrash
• tana - fight; war; battle; combat
• mata - kill; murder
• mana - force; power; strength
• paku - beat with the fist; cudgel; hammer
• pahu - burst; crack; breach
• matsu - victory; success; victorious; win; triumph
• tlanyo - abuse; berate; mistreat
• te'e - kick; trample; tread on
• teki - combative; enemy; hostile
• he'u - munitions or ordnance factory; arsenal
• penya - grapple; scuffle; wrestle
• poli - force; violence
• tompo - martial art; military skill
• onto - tread on; trample; stamp
• potsu - lay siege to, besiege
• poye - ally with; form an alliance with
• kuhi - hold; grasp; clench (one's fist)
• kusu - push [away]; press; shove; squeeze
• punya - jab; poke; stab [fuck]
• kuye - grab; catch; arrest; snatch; scratch
• hyoka - attack; hit; strike

Weapons

• ame - axe; hatchet
• pika - bullet; shot; shell; ball
• tope - firearm; gun; rifle
• ponto - cannon; gun; artillery [fire ~]
• muku - knife; blade; weapon; arms
• nyela - arrowhead
• yomi - bow; weapon used for shooting arrows

Prepositions

• ma'a - with [accompanied by / furnished with]
• pahe - against; touching
• pa'e - apart from; other than; except for
• tahe - below; beneath; under
• ka'e - to; towards; at [moving toward]
• nka'e - in spite of; regardless of
• mahe - around; approximate; close to
• ma'e - before; in front
• sahe - across; opposite; other side
• tsahe - for [in exchange for]
• tsa'e - across; through
• nahe - in [located inside of]; internal
• maue - as soon as; when
• tsaue - so long as; provided that
• paye - beyond; exceeding; farther than
• taye - about [pertaining to; on the topic of]
• kaye - around; encircling; surrounding
• maye - between; among
• naye - during; while
• saye - along; following [a line]
• tsaye - since; until; up to; as far as
• tlaye - according to; based on
• te - of [belonging to; = GEN]
• uahe - instead of; rather than
• ua'e - above; over / on
• uaye - from [moving out of or away from]
• pue - after; back; behind; rear
• kue - like; similar to
• mue - without
• hue - at [in the same location as] [LOC]
• tsue - position; stance; posture
• nya - for [benefactive; BEN]; purpose of; by
• nyahe - by means of; per; via
• yahe - of [containing the measured quantity]
• ya'e - near; close to
• nyaue - outside of; exterior to

People / Society

• tsata - council; committee; parliament
• tlanka - level; grade; rank
• tlana - human; person
• anao - dwarf; pygmy; small person; midget
• tanko - group; organization; team
• kano - my dear; my darling
• nkatso - spy; secret agent
• kamue - general; senior commander; military leader
• makue - initiation ceremony; rite of passage
• hanya - country; nation; state; national; region
• tlema - banner; flag; ensign
• hisu - department; branch; section; division
• tsikue - habit; custom; usual practice; tradition
• posa - divorce
• mponi - ethnicity; folk; people
• omi - provost; chancellor; deputy
• koua - republic
• kunta - army; military force
• muha - monk; nun
• mutsa - society
• munua - culture; civilization; cultural
• uampa - government; political; politics
• uasa - skill; profession; trade; craft
• kuate - double; twin [identical/fraternal]
• uatsu - constitution; law; statute
• kueli - rights; legal entitlement
• kyatlo - commander; officer in charge
• nyetsi - traditional; archetype; typical; classic
• yesu - art; fine arts; painting; literature
• yoni - ethic; moral; virtue

Family

• konka - born out of wedlock; illegitimate
• nata - family member; relative
• tsonta - teenager; adolescent
• tlaya - marry; in-law; wed
• tlika - clan; family; kin

• ntaha - ancestor; elder
• ntahi - child; offspring
• nta'i - baby; infant
• ntaku - sibling
• ntahue - sibling's child [nibbling]
• ntaue - cousin
• ntahya - grandchild; descendant; heir; be ~
• ntaya - spouse; loved one
• onta - parent
• uenta - parent's sibling
• hyanta - grandparent

Male

• tlaka - male; man [masc]
• tahi - son; boy
• taku - brother
• tahue - nephew
• taue - cousin [male]
• tahya - grandson
• taya - husband; man
• ota - father
• ueta - uncle
• hyata - grandfather

Female

• naka - female; woman [fem]
• nahi - duaghter; girl
• naku - sister
• nahue - niece
• naue - cousin [female]
• nahya - granddaughter
• naya - wife; woman
• ona - mother
• uena - aunt
• hyana - grandmother

Emotion

• katsi - dignity; sanctity; worth
• talo - be patient; patience
• kanto - mourn; grieve over sb's death
• nalo - grin; laugh; smile
• alo - be cunning; be sly
• amya - be fond of; like; prefer [people]
• eto - be shy; timid; bashful
• eno - be angry at; be displeased and annoyed
• simpa - be anxious; neurosis; anxiety
• itsa - adore; affection; love
• kipe - favor; favorite; darling
• tsihi - mercy; empathize
• kipo - aspire; hope; wish
• nkitso - be stressed; be tense; be nervous
• kipu - mood; mental state; frame of mind
• tsimua - be vicious; fierce; ominous; inauspicious
• tlota - be in a correct attitude
• kone - awe; intimidate
• tono - emote; emotion; feel; sentiment
• noto - compassion; relent; sympathize; sympathy
• nomo - be fond of; like; prefer [things]
• tsopo - prefer; preference
• tloso - annoy; bother; disturb; harass; irritate
• tokyo - be brave; bold; courage
• tsuka - pride; hubris; arrogance
• tsumi - guilt; sin; offense
• nuku - detest; dislike; hate
• unu - be callous; stone-faced; emotionless
• umua - ache; pain; sorrow; be sore
• uaho - feel absence; miss
• uete - amuse; entertain; make sb laugh
• uemye - be aloof; standoffish; unsociable
• yampa - be bored; fed up with sth; sick of sth
• yapu - be ashamed; disgrace; embarrassment
• yanu - be depressed; dispirited; dejected; dismayed
• hyele - attract; titillate
• yente - aghast; consternation; horror
• kyomi - interest; interested; be interesting
• kyopo - afraid; fear; frighten
• yonto - be fanatical
• kyohu - be drastic; extreme; aggressive

House

• pata - tile; brick
• tapa - lid; top; cover; canopy; roof; ceiling
• tatsa - basin; wide-mouthed jar or pot
• katsa - glass; windshield; window
• sala - chamber; room; section
• tsaka - house; residence; reside
• hatse - ladder
• tapi - swing; seesaw; trapeze
• masi - door/window frame
• patlo - broom; brush; sweep
• kato - two story building
• tasu - cushion; mat; pad
• kapu - basket; box; bucket; container
• kahu - furniture
• mampu - duct; pipe; straw; tube
• maku - pillow; rest one's head
• tanye - carpet; mat; rug
• kahyo - porcelain; ceramic
• tenta - curtain; partition; screen
• tleke - fan
• petsi - basement; cellar
• teko - bottle; pitcher; vase
• tseue - nail; spike; screw
• enya - mirror; reflect; reflection
• tlenye - suite; apartment; flat; hotel room
• hiku - eaves; ledge or brim
• tlimu - blanket; rug

• tsiyo - corridor; aisle; hallway; passageway; piazza
• topa - bed; couch; mattress
• sopa - balcony; patio; terrace
• tsosa - chimney; fireplace
• mo'i - soap; lather; foam
• topo - door; entrance; gate
• kotso - earthenware; ceramic
• homu - platform; stage
• kuta - fence; wall
• suma - window
• huata - shelf; stair
• uetse - toilet; outhouse; WC
• yale - door lock; key
• yapo - build; erect; assemble
• kyela - wreath; garland
• yetsi - chair; seat; stool

• yekua - cabinet; closet; wardrobe
• yoka - deck; floor; story

Kitchen

• nale - fork; pitchfork; prong
• hasi - chopsticks; eating utensils
• tanu - plate; dish; tray; shallow container
• tseme - drawer; tier; tray
• nekua - cupboard; pantry
• tsiko - furnace; oven; stove
• kotlo - boiler; pan; pot
• kutsa - spoon; ladle
• uapo - basin; sink
• uaso - drinking glass [cup]; jug; pot; vessel
• yempa - table; desk; flat work surface

Vehicles

• tanti - truck; bus
• tlanye - cart; chariot; carriage; buggy
• tsayo - automobile; carriage; vehicle
• tlemo - caravan; trailer
• tlise - axis; axle
• motlo - engine; motor; machine
• uela - sail [boat]
• uene - ship; boat; vessel; canoe
• uelo - bicycle; bike

Materials

• pasi - bronze; brass; copper alloy
• tsele - iron
• tline - aluminum (chemistry)
• misu - copper
• kinua - metal working or casting of some kind
• hosa - radiation; rays of radiation
• moue - plastic; synthetic resin; plastic cement
• sokyo - helium
• tsuma - metal
• pulo - crystallization; crystalline; crystal
• uale - source material, raw material

Correlatives

• ama - time; moment; period
• mo - location; place; where
• ko - agentive [AG]; individual; person
• so - kind; genus; type; category; sort; class
• no - adverbial; matter; object; thing [-ish; -ly; -ous]
• to - manner; method; way
• uku - amount; digit; number

• nke - negative [NEG]; no; not
• ula - any; indefinite; some~
• kua - everything; every; all

• tlama - anytime; sometime; whenever
• ato - that way [over there]
• hina - here; this place [by me]
• so'o - that kind; type
• tlokua - everybody; everyone
• kuama - always; forever
• uana - there [by you] [MED]
• yemua - there [over there]
• yoto - in this way; so; thus

• amak - never; at no time
• ima - now; present; yet; this time
• iko - this person
• iso - this kind/type
• iku - this much/many
• tok - no way
• mok - nowhere
• nok - nothing
• sok - no kind
• tlok - no one; nobody
• ok - none; nothing
• tola - any way; some way
• kola - someone; anyone
• mola - somewhere
• nola - something; anything
• sola - some kind
• tokua - every way
• mokua - everywhere
• nokua - everything
• sokua - every kind
• uama - then
• uato - that way [over there]
• uako - that person
• uaku - that much/many
• yeko - that person [over there]
• yeso - that kind [obscure]

Numbers

• pa'o - eight; 8
• ta'o - two; 2; pair of; both
• ka'o - seven; 7
• ma'o - four; 4
• na'o - one; 1
• sa'o - nine; 9
• ha'o - three; 3
• tsa'o - six; 6
• nte'o - million; 10^6
• tle'o - thousand; 1000
• mue'o - ten thousand; 10^4
• hue'o - billion; 10^9
• ue'o - ten; 10
• nya'o - five hundred; 500
• ya'o - five; 5
• kye'o - hundred thousand ; 10^5
• nye'o - hundred; 100
• ye'o - zero; 0

Shapes

• atsa - disc; rotate; wheel
• tlanke - oval; ellipse; ellipsoidal
• atsi - angle; bend; corner
• tapua - rectangle; be square-like
• kena - circle; be circular; spherical
• tletsa - column; cylinder; file
• netsi - helix; screw; spiral
• keso - image; form; figure; visualization
• tletso - prism; prismatic lens
• mpila - ball [game]; sphere
• mu'e - rhombus
• umpu - form; shape; dimension
• uampu - cone; awl; bore
• huepu - apex; peak; summit
• yamu - trapezium (geometry)
• pyota - cube; block; be square
• pyonka - be parallel; parallelogram
• pyo'o - multiply by itself; square

Money

• mpaha - valuable; costly; expensive
• pale - sale; sell
• atle - salary; wage
• tsika - economy; economic
• to'o - pay; compensate
• poku - cost; fee; price; charge
• tomu - be frugal; thrifty; economical
• suata - account; bill; debt
• tsuasi - stock; share; capital raised by a company
• yena - coin; currency; money

Toponyms

• kanata - Canada
• atlanti - Atlantic [Ocean]
• alapo - Arab
• ameyo - America
• apika - Africa
• pasipi - Pacific [Ocean]
• asiya - Asia
• apuha - Afghanistan
• enkala - England
• pelansu - France
• kemeta - Egypt
• mehiko - Mexico
• sipanya - Spain
• tlihanya - USA
• nihono - Japan
• otlaya - Australia
• mosukua - Moscow
• totsuya - Germany
• utlena - Ukraine
• sueliye - Sweden
• yolopa - Europe

Compounds

• tlakan - virile; manly
• anapao - hangover [warped-head]
• nahela - in [located inside of]; internal
• tsaniko - lecturer; speaker; storyteller
• pansamya - puff pastry
• amyampa - fall in love with
• pemao - chess / play ~
• ilanyo - plane [fly-machine]
• tlimpula - chandelier; collection of lamps
• tsulanasa - birthday party
• puamanai - supper; dinner
• nyauela - outside of; exterior to
• myetonyo - scarecrow
• yotsonai - lunch; dinner
• yomuanai - breakfast