IPA

The International Phonetic Alphabet is an alphabet designed to represent the sounds of various languages. See Wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet.

Pulmonic Consonants

	| Labiodental | | Dental | | Alveolar | | Postalveolar | | Retroflex | | Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Plosive	p b	p̪ b̪	t̪ d̪	t d	t̠ d̠	ʈ ɖ	c ɟ	k ɡ	q ɢ		ʔ
Nasal	m	ɱ	n̪	n	n̠	ɳ	ɲ	ŋ	ɴ
Trill	ʙ		r̪	r	r̠			ʀ
Tap or Flap			ɾ̪	ɾ	ɾ̠	ɽ
Fricative	ɸ β	f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ ʒ	ʂ ʐ	ç ʝ	x ɣ	χ ʁ	ħ ʕ	h ɦ
Affricative	pɸ bβ	pf bv	tθ dð	ʦ dž	ʧ ʤ	ʈʂ ɖʐ	cç ɟʝ	kx gɣ
Lateral fricative			ɬ̪ ɮ̪	ɬ ɮ	ɬ̠ ɮ̠	ɭ̝	ʎ̝	ʟ̝
Approximant	β̞	ʋ	ɹ̪	ɹ	ɹ̠	ɻ	j	ɰ	ʁ̞	ʕ̞
Lateral approximant			l̪	l	l̠	ɭ	ʎ	ʟ

Non-pulmonic Consonants

Clicks	Voiced Implosives	Ejectives
ʘ Bilabial	ɓ Bilabial	ʼ as in:
ǀ Dental	ɗ Dental/alveolar	pʼ Bilabial
ǃ (Post)alveolar	ʄ Palatal	tʼ Dental/alveolar
ǂ Palatoalveolar	ɠ Velar	kʼ Velar
ǁ Lateral alveolar	ʛ Uvular	sʼ Alveolar fricative

Vowels

	Front		Central		Back
Close	i · y		ɨ · ʉ		ɯ · u
		ɪ · ʏ		ʊ
Close-mid	e · ø		ɘ · ɵ		ɤ · o
			ə
Open-mid	ɛ · œ		ɜ · ɞ		ʌ · ɔ
	æ		ɐ
Open	a · ɶ				ɑ · ɒ

Other Symbols

ʍ Voiceless labial-velar fricative

w Voiced labial-velar approximant

ɥ Voiced labial-palatal approximant

ʜ Voiceless epiglottal fricative

ʢ Voiced epiglottal fricative

ʔ Epiglottal plosive

ɕ ʑ Alveolo-palatal fricatives

ɺ Lateral alveolar flap

ɧ Simultaneous ʃ and x.

Affricates and double articulations can be represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar if necessary. k͡p t͡s

Suprasegmentals

ˈ	Primary stress	ˌfoʊnəˈtɪʃən
ˌ	Secondary stress
ː	Long	eː
ˑ	Half-long	eˑ
˘	Extra short	ĕ
.	Syllable break	ɹi.ækt
	Minor (foot) group
	Major (intonation) group
‿	Linking (absence of a break)

Tones & Word Accents

Level	Contour
e̋ or ˥
é ˦
ē ˧
è ˨
ȅ ˩

Diacritics

̥	Voiceless n̥ d̥	̤	Breathy voiced b̤ a̤	̪	Dental t̪ d̪
̬	Voiced s̬ t̬	̰	Creaky voiced b̰ a̰	̺	Apical t̺ d̺
ʰ	Aspirated tʰ dʰ	̼	Linguolabial t̼ d̼	̻	Laminal t̻ d̻
˒	More rounded ɔ̜	ʷ	Labialized tʷ dʷ	~	Nasalized ẽ
˓	Less rounded ɔ̹	ʲ	Palatalized tʲ dʲ
˖	Advanced u̟	ˠ	Velarized tˠ [[Voiced velarized alveolar stop	dˠ]]	ˡ	Lateral release dˡ
˗	Retracted i̠	ˤ	Pharyngealized tˤ dˤ	̚	No audible release d̚
¨	Centralized ë	̴	Velarized or pharyngealized ɫ
̽	Mid-centralized e̽	˔	Raised e̝ (ɹ̝ = Voiced alveolar fricative)