Velyan
From FrathWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
Velyan is one of the two main classical languages of the continent Pellargos, on the planet Máa. Máa is an alternate Earth planet.
Phonology
Vowels
There are 12 vowels, each of which can be short or long.
Vowels | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | ||||||
High | i | y | u | |||||||
Near-high | ||||||||||
High-mid | e | ø | o | |||||||
Mid | ə | |||||||||
Low-mid | ɛ | œ | ɔ | |||||||
Near-low | æ | |||||||||
Low | a |
Consonants
Consonants | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bilabial | Labiod. | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alv. | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||||||||
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | n | ||||||||||||||
Palatalised Nasal | mʲ | nʲ | ŋʲ | |||||||||||||||
Labialised Nasal | mʷ | nʷ | ɲʷ | nʷ | ||||||||||||||
Plosive | p | t | c | k | q | |||||||||||||
Aspirated Plosive | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | qʰ | ||||||||||||||
Palatalised Plosive | pʲ | tʲ | kʲ | qʲ | ||||||||||||||
Labialised Plosive | pʷ | tʷ | cʷ | kʷ | qʷ | |||||||||||||
Fricative | s | (ʃ) | (x) | h | ||||||||||||||
Palatalised Fricative | sʲ | ʃʲ | (xʲ) | (hʲ) | ||||||||||||||
Labialised Fricative | sʷ | ʃʷ | (xʲ) | (hʷ) | ||||||||||||||
Approximant | ʋ | ʍ | ð | j | ||||||||||||||
Palatalised Approximant | ʋʲ | ðʲ | ||||||||||||||||
Labialised Approximant | ðʷ | |||||||||||||||||
Trill | rː | |||||||||||||||||
Aspirated Trill | rːʰ | |||||||||||||||||
Palatalised Trill | rːʲ | |||||||||||||||||
Labialised Trill | rːʷ | |||||||||||||||||
Flap | ɾ | |||||||||||||||||
Aspirated Flap | ɾʰ | |||||||||||||||||
Palatalised Flap | ɾʲ | |||||||||||||||||
Labialised Flap | ɾʷ | |||||||||||||||||
Lateral Approximant | l | ʎ | ||||||||||||||||
Palatalised Lateral Approximant | lʲ | |||||||||||||||||
Labialised Lateral Approximant | lʷ |
Vowel harmony
Orthography
Below is a table of the IPA sounds of Velyan, with transcription.
IPA | Letter | IPA | Letter |
---|---|---|---|
a | a | ||
æ | ä | ||
c | c | ||
e | e | ||
ə | ə | ||
ɛ | ɛ | ||
h | h | ||
i | i | ||
j | j | ||
k | k | ||
l | l | ||
ʎ | ll | ||
m | m | ||
n | n | ||
ɲ | ñ | ||
ƞ | ƞ | ||
o | o | ||
ɔ | ɔ | ||
œ | œ | ||
ø | ö | ||
p | p | ||
q | q | ||
r | r | ||
ɾː | rr | ||
s | s | ||
ʃ | š | ||
t | t | ||
u | u | ||
ʋ | v | ||
ʍ | w | ||
y | ÿ |
Notes:
- Long vowels and geminate consonants are written double, e.g. aa, bb, except for /lː/, which is written l·l to avoid confusion with /ʎ/, written ll.
- Palatalised, labialised, and aspirated consonants, and tone marks, are not shown. These are explained below.
Marking Aspiration, Labialisation, and Palatalisation
- Palatalisation is marked by writing a y (without a diaeresis) after the letter, except at the end of a word, when it is marked by writing '.
- Labialisation is marked by writing