Creator of Vrkhazhian, Onschen and Hussite
𞤹𞤸𞤪
WIP Vrkhazhian Case System
Status Absolutus
|
|
Animate
|
Inanimate
|
| Feminine
|
Masculine
|
Neuter
|
| Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| Nominative
|
-um
|
-ūwa
|
-im
|
-īya
|
-am
|
-āya
|
-as
|
-āza
|
| Vocative
|
-u
|
-i
|
-a
|
| Accusative
|
-us
|
-ūza
|
-is
|
-īza
|
-as
|
-āza
|
| Ergative
|
-un
|
-ūna
|
-in
|
-īna
|
-an
|
-āna
|
-an
|
-āna
|
| Genitive
|
-uḫ
|
-ūwa
|
-iḫ
|
-īya
|
-aḫ
|
-āya
|
-aḫ
|
-āya
|
| Locative
|
-ūti
|
-īti
|
-āti
|
-āti
|
| Equative
|
-ūli
|
-īli
|
-āli
|
-āli
|
Status Constructus
|
|
Animate
|
Inanimate
|
| Feminine
|
Masculine
|
Neuter
|
| Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| Nominative
|
-∅
|
-ū
|
-∅
|
-ī
|
-∅
|
-ā
|
-∅
|
-ā
|
| Oblique
|
| Genitive
|
-u
|
-i
|
-a
|
-a
|
| Locative
|
-ūti
|
-īti
|
-āti
|
-āti
|
| Equative
|
-ūli
|
-īli
|
-āli
|
-āli
|
Status Absolutus
|
|
Animate
|
Inanimate
|
| Feminine
|
Masculine
|
Neuter
|
| Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| Nominative
|
-us
|
-ūza
|
-is
|
-īza
|
-as
|
-āza
|
-an
|
-āna
|
| Vocative
|
-u
|
-i
|
-a
|
| Accusative
|
-un
|
-ūna
|
-in
|
-īna
|
-an
|
-āna
|
| Genitive
|
-uḫ
|
-ūwa
|
-iḫ
|
-īya
|
-aḫ
|
-āya
|
-aḫ
|
-āya
|
| Locative
|
-ūti
|
-īti
|
-āti
|
-āti
|
| Equative
|
-ūli
|
-īli
|
-āli
|
-āli
|
WIP Verb System
u-class
P-R-Ḫ (speak, say)
|
|
Active
|
Applicative
|
Adjective
|
Verbal Noun
|
| Predicative
|
Attributive
|
Predicative
|
Attributive
|
| 1sg
|
paruḫ-ni
|
i-pparuḫ-ni
|
parraḫ-ni
|
i-pparraḫ-ni
|
parriḫ-
|
parḫ-amm-as
|
| 2sg
|
paruḫ-ma
|
i-pparuḫ-ma
|
parraḫ-ma
|
i-pparraḫ-ma
|
| 3sg
|
paruḫ-ta
|
i-pparuḫ-ta
|
parraḫ-ta
|
i-pparraḫ-ta
|
|
|
| 1pl
|
paruḫ-ti
|
i-pparuḫ-ti
|
parraḫ-ti
|
i-pparraḫ-ti
|
| 2pl
|
paruḫ-man
|
i-pparuḫ-man
|
parraḫ-man
|
i-pparraḫ-man
|
| 3pl
|
paruḫ-tan
|
i-pparuḫ-tan
|
parraḫ-tan
|
i-pparraḫ-tan
|
u-class
P-R-Ḫ (speak, say)
|
|
Actual
|
Potential
|
Commissive
|
Counterfactual
|
Jussive
|
| 1sg
|
paraḫ-ni
|
na-praḫ-ni
|
ta-praḫ-ni
|
ḫa-praḫ-ni
|
parḫ-a-nni
|
| 2sg
|
paraḫ-ma
|
na-praḫ-ma
|
ta-praḫ-ma
|
ḫa-praḫ-ma
|
parḫ-a-mma
|
| 3sg
|
paraḫ-ta
|
na-praḫ-ta
|
ta-praḫ-ta
|
ḫa-praḫ-ta
|
parḫ-a-tta
|
|
|
| 1pl
|
paraḫ-ti
|
na-praḫ-ti
|
ta-praḫ-ti
|
ḫa-praḫ-ti
|
parḫ-a-tti
|
| 2pl
|
paraḫ-man
|
na-praḫ-man
|
ta-praḫ-man
|
ḫa-praḫ-man
|
parḫ-a-mman
|
| 3pl
|
paraḫ-tan
|
na-praḫ-tan
|
ta-praḫ-tan
|
ḫa-praḫ-tan
|
parḫ-a-ttan
|
- Nonfuture Indicative
- Future Potential
- Future Commissive
- Past Counterfactual
- Jussive
Consonant Clusters
|
|
P
|
B
|
T
|
D
|
K
|
G
|
| P
|
p.p
|
←
|
t.p
|
d.p
|
k.p
|
←
|
| B
|
→
|
b.b
|
t.b
|
d.b
|
→
|
g.b
|
| T
|
p.t
|
b.t
|
t.t
|
←
|
k.t
|
g.t
|
| D
|
p.d
|
b.d
|
→
|
d.d
|
k.d
|
g.d
|
| K
|
p.k
|
←
|
t.k
|
d.k
|
k.k
|
←
|
| G
|
→
|
b.g
|
t.g
|
d.g
|
→
|
g.g
|
Voice
Case-Role Marking in Secundative Alignment (D=S, R=P, T=separate)
| Voice
|
Role/Marking
|
| Nominative
|
Accusative
|
Instrumental
|
| Active (Intransitive)
|
Subject
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
| Active (Monotransitive)
|
Subject
|
Object
|
N/A
|
| Active (Ditransitive)
|
Subject
|
Primary Object
|
Secondary Object
|
| Causative
|
Causer
|
Causee
|
Object
|
| Applicative (Instrumental)
|
Subject
|
Applied Object
(Instrument)
|
Base Object
|
| Applicative (Dative)
|
Subject
|
Applied Object
(Recipient/Goal)
|
Base Object
|
Ch'adic
Proto-Č̣aḥdaš consonants
|
|
Labial
|
Alveolar
|
Palatal
|
Velar
|
Pharyngeal
|
Glottal
|
| central
|
sibilant
|
lateral
|
| Nasal
|
m
|
n
|
|
|
|
ŋ ⟨n̮⟩
|
|
|
| Stop
|
fortis
|
p
|
t
|
t͡s ⟨c⟩
|
t͡ɬ ⟨ć⟩
|
t͡ʃ ⟨č⟩
|
k
|
ʡ
|
ʔ
|
| emphatic
|
pʼ ⟨ṗ⟩
|
tʼ ⟨ṭ⟩
|
t͡sʼ ⟨c̣⟩
|
t͡ɬʼ ⟨ć̣⟩
|
t͡ʃʼ ⟨č̣⟩
|
kʼ ⟨ḳ⟩
|
| lenis
|
b
|
d
|
d͡z ⟨ʒ⟩
|
d͡ɮ ⟨ʒ́⟩
|
d͡ʒ ⟨ǯ⟩
|
g
|
| Fricative
|
f
|
|
s
|
ɬ ⟨ś⟩
|
ʃ ⟨š⟩
|
x ⟨ḫ⟩
|
ħ ⟨ḥ⟩
|
h
|
| Approximant
|
w
|
|
|
|
j ⟨y⟩
|
|
| Liquid
|
|
r
|
|
l
|
|
|
|
|
Proto-Č̣aḥdaš nouns
|
|
Status Absolutus
|
Status Constructus
|
| Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| Feminine
|
-u
|
-un
|
-u
|
-ū
|
| Masculine
|
-i
|
-in
|
-i
|
-ī
|
| Neuter
|
-ar
|
-aran
|
-a
|
-ā
|
| Inanimate
|
-aš
|
-ašan
|
