Senjecas - Native American Sayings

Pronunciation table

पेमु॓को peműko (labial)								रीसु॓कॊ riisűko (dental)								मुइतु॓को muitűko (alveolar)								भइनु॓को vainűko (palatal)							च्युस्वे॓नोस् ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								नि॓थो च्युस्वे॓नोस् nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै ए पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	REV = reversive	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	Q = interrogative particle	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

Text

• English Text
• Devanāgari Text
• Senjecan Translation

Gloss

• If all the beasts were gone, men would die from a loneliness of spirit, for whatever happens to the beasts also happens to man.
• ए॔बि ओ॓रे थ॓सेस् ए-ए॓स ने॓म़िते॔रु। तोअ॔रि म़ी॓रुस् ऊन॓स् भेइर्त॔स् ह नेसेय। हि नो—त॔ओ थ॔सेन् ए॓ब—ए॔तु भ़ई॓रुन् ए॓ब॥
• ébi őre þa̋ses e-e̋sa ném̃itéru. toári m̃ı̋ı̋rus uuna̋s veirta̋s ha nese̋ȝa. hi no—táo þa̋sen e̋ba—étu m̃ı̋ı̋run e̋ba:

ébi	őre-Ø	þa̋s-es	e=e̋s-a	né.m̃itéru	toári	m̃ı̋ı̋r-us	uun-a̋s	veirt-a̋s	ha	nes-e̋ȝa	hi	n-o	tá-o	þa̋s-en	e̋b-a	étu	m̃ı̋ı̋r-un	e̋b-a
if	all-ABS	beast-N.p	PST=be-IND	not.further	then	man-N.p	spirit-G.s	loneliness-G.s	from	die-SBJ	for	that-N.s	which-N.s	beast-A.p	happen.to-IND	also	man-A.p	happen.to-IND

• All things are connected. Whatever befalls the Earth befalls the sons of the Earth. - Chief Seattle
• ओ॔रोस् क़ॆ॓धथोस् ए॔स॥ नो—त॔ओ भ्वै॓तोम् ए॓ब—भ्वै॓तोस् पो॓इकुन् एब॥
• őros ƣe̋ðaþos e̋sa: no—táo v̌e̋e̋tom e̋ba—v̌eetős pőikun e̋ba:

őr-os	ƣe̋ð-a-þ-os	e̋s-a	n-o	tá-o	v̌e̋e̋t-om	e̋b-a	v̌eet-ős	pőik-un	e̋b-a
all-N.p	connect-IND-PP-N.p	be-IND	that-N.s	which-N.s	earth-A.s	befall-IND	earth-G.s	son-A.p	befall-IND

• May the stars carry your sadness away. May the flowers fill your heart with beauty. May hope forever wipe away your tears, and, above all, may silence make you strong - Chief Dan George
• चु॓केस् तु-से॓उग़्तम् अ॔पु नेक़ेय॥ न॓निस् गोभ्त॓स् क़े॔म तु-सु॓धोम् पैले॓य॥ इ॓स्र भिस॓नु तु-कि॓नोन् अ॔पु तुदे॓य। द ओरो॓स् न्यौ॔प। सआ॓म्त तुम् म़॔लिद्ये॓य॥
• ṡűkes tu-se̋uƣtam ápu nexe̋ȝa: na̋nis govta̋s xéma tu-sűðom peele̋ȝa:

ṡűk-es	tu=se̋uƣt-am	ápu	nex-e̋ȝa	na̋n-is	govt-a̋s	xéma	tu=sűð-om	peel-e̋ȝa
star-N.p	your=sadness-A.s	away	carry-SBJ	flower-N.s	beauty-G.s	with	your=heart.A.s	fill-SBJ

• ı̋sra visánu tu-kı̋non ápu tude̋ȝa da orős n̨óópa sa̋a̋mta tum m̃álid̨e̋ȝa:

ı̋sr-a	visánu	tu=kı̋n-on	ápu	tud-e̋ȝa	da	or-ős	n̨óópa	sa̋a̋mt-a	t-um	m̃ál-id̨-e̋ȝa:
hope-N.s	forever	your=tear-A.p	away	wipe-SBJ	and	all-G.s	before	silence-N.s	2s-A	strong-TRZ-SBJ

• The time will soon be here when my grandchild will long for the cry of the loon, the flash of a salmon, the whisper of spruce needles, or the screech of an eagle.
• कस —ते॔नु मु-ने॓पु अक़े॓स् जऔ॓रोम्। लचे॓स् पआ॓उगोम्। एले॔न्तऺच्युयो॓म् सि॓मोम्। म़ो मुइरे॓स् कआ॓म़ोम् उ-य॓ त—मु॔दु इ॔धऽ उ-ए॓स।
• ke̋e̋sa—ténu mu-ne̋pu axe̋s ża̋a̋rom. laṡe̋s pa̋a̋ugom. eléntĕṡ̨uuȝőm sı̋mom. m̃o muire̋s ka̋a̋m̃om u-ȝa̋ta—múdu íð' u-e̋sa.

ke̋e̋s-a	ténu	mu=ne̋p-u	ax-e̋s	ża̋a̋r-om	laṡ-e̋s	pa̋a̋ug-om	elént-ĕ-ṡ̨uuȝ-őm	sı̋m-om	m̃o	muir-e̋s	ka̋a̋m̃-om	u=ȝa̋t-a	múdu	íð-'	u=e̋s-a
time-N.s	when	my=grandchild-N.s	loon-G.s	cry-A.s	salmon-G.s	flash-A.s	spruce-EPEN-needle-G.p	whisper-A.s	or	eagle-G.s	screech-A.s	FUT=long.for-IND	soon	here-ELIS	FUT=be-IND

• But he will not make friend with any of these creatures and when his heart aches with longing he will curse me. - Chief Dan George
• ए॔स्ति इ-भआनथे॓म् क्वे॔नेन् उ-भिलि॓द ने। द—ते॔नु एयु-सु॓दो यथ्र॓स् ह दे॓ब—मुम् उ-ये॓र॥
• ést' i-vaanaþe̋m k̬énen u-vilı̋d̨a ne. da—ténu eȝu-sűðo ȝaþra̋s ha de̋ba—mum u-ȝe̋ra:

ést-'	i=vaan-a-þ-e̋m	k̬én-en	u=vil-ı̋d̨-a	ne	da	ténu	eȝu=sűð-o	ȝaþr-a̋s	ha	de̋b-a	m-um	u=ȝe̋r-a
but-ELIS	these=create-IND-PP-G.p	any-A.p	FUT=friend-TRZ-IND	not	and	when	his=heart-N.s	longing-G.s	with	ache-IND	1s-IND	FUT=curse-IND

• All men were made by the Great Spirit Chief. They are all brothers.
• ओ॓रु म़ी॓रुस् मेजूनु॓स् नैइलु॓स् क़े॔म भआ॓नथुस् ए-इ॓ल॥ ओ॓रुस् ज॓मुस् ए॓स॥
• őru m̃ı̋ı̋rus meżuunűs neeilűs xéma va̋a̋naþus e-ı̋la: őrus ża̋mus e̋sa:

őru-Ø	m̃ı̋ı̋r-us	meż.uun-űs	neei-l-űs	xéma	va̋a̋n-a-þ-us	e=ı̋l-a	őr-us	ża̋m-us	e̋s-a
all-ABS	man-N.p	great.spirit-G.s	lead.a.community-AG-G.s	by	create-IND-PP-N.p	PST=become-IND	all-N.p	brother-N.p	be-IND

• The earth is the Mother of all people and all people should have equal rights upon it. - Chief Joseph
• भ्वै॓तो ओ॓रु लेउधु॓स् मआ॓मए॓स। द प॓रो यो॓म़ोस् ओ॓रु ए॔योम् ए॔भ लेउधु॓स् ओ ए॓सु के॓ल॥
• v̌e̋e̋to őru leuðűs ma̋a̋ma e̋sa. da pa̋ro ȝőm̃os őru éȝom éva leuðűs o e̋su ke̋la:

v̌e̋e̋t-o	őru-Ø	leuð-űs	ma̋a̋m-a	e̋s-a	da	pa̋ro-Ø	ȝőm̃-os	őru-Ø	éȝ-om	éva	leuð-űs	o	e̋s-u	ke̋l-a
earth-N.s	all-ABS	people-G.s	mother-N.s	be-IND	and	equal-ABS	right-N.p	all-ABS	3s-A	on	people-G.s	to	be-SUP	should-IND

• The earth does not belong to man, man belongs to the earth. All things are connected like the blood that unites us all.
• भ्वै॓तो त॔ल्योनि॓युम् नि॓त ने। त॔ल्योनि॓यु भ्वै॓तोम् नि॓त॥ ओ॓रोस् सैगो॓स्—त॔ओ ओ॔रु म़ुन् बि॓ल—सो॔म ग़े॓धथोस् ए॓स॥
• v̌e̋e̋to tál̨onı̋ȝum nı̋ta ne. tál̨onı̋ȝu v̌e̋e̋tom nı̋ta: őros seegős—táo őru m̃un bı̋la—sóma ƣe̋ðaþos e̋sa:

v̌e̋e̋t-o	tál̨on-ı̋ȝ-um	nı̋t-a	ne	tál̨on-ı̋ȝ-u	v̌e̋e̋t-om	nı̋t-a	őr-os	seeg-ős	tá-o	őru-Ø	m̃-un	bı̋l-a	sóma	ƣe̋ð-a-þ-os	e̋s-a
earth-N.s	made.of.earth-COL-A.s	belong.to-IND	not	made.of.earth-COL-N.s	earth-N.s	belong.to-IND	all-N.p	blood-G.s	which-N.s	all-ABS	1p-A	unite-IND	like	connect-IND-PP-N.p	be-IND

• Man did not weave the web of life, he is merely a strand in it.Whatever he does to the web, he does to himself. - Chief Seattle
• त॔ल्योनि॓यु ग्वीर॔स् औ॓र्नोस् ए-औ॓र ने। एयो॔स् ए॔न कौ॓ओ अ॔तु ए॓स ॥ और्नो॓स् ओ क्वे॔नोस् कि॓अ। मिउ॓स् ओ कि॓अ॥
• tál̨onı̋ȝu ǧiira̋s őőrnom e-őőra ne. eȝós éna kőőo átu e̋sa: oornős o k̬énom kı̋a. miűs o kı̋a:

tál̨on-ı̋ȝ-u	ǧiir-a̋s	őőrn-om	e=őőr-a	ne	eȝ-ós	éna	kőő-o	átu	e̋s-a	oorn-ős	o	k̬én-om	kı̋-a	mi-űs	o	kı̋-a
made.of.earth-COL-N.s	life-G.s	web-A.s	PST=weave-IND	not	3s-G	in	strand-N.s	merely	be-IND	web-G.s	to	whatever-A.s	do-IND	self-G.s	to	do-IND

• All life is sacred. We come into life as sacred beings. When we abuse the sacredness of life, we affect all creation. - Chief Arvol Looking Horse
• ओ॓र ग्वी॓र नो॓इभ ए॓स॥ म़ुस् ग्वी॓रम् ए॔न नो॓इभु एसन्त॓स् ए॔प ग्वे॓म॥ मे॔ति ग्वीर॓स् नो॓इभ्तम् स्य॓त। ओ॓र भआ॓नोम् अ॓च॥
• őra ǧı̋ı̋ra nőiva e̋sa: m̃us ǧı̋ı̋ram éna nőivu esantűm épa ǧe̋ma: méti ǧiira̋s nőivtam s̨a̋ta. őra va̋a̋nom a̋ṡa:

őra-Ø	ǧı̋ı̋r-a	nőiv-a	e̋s-a	m̃-us	ǧı̋ı̋r-am	éna	nőivu-Ø	es-a-nt-űm	épa	ǧe̋m-a	méti	ǧiir-a̋s	nőivt-am	s̨a̋t-a	őra-Ø	va̋a̋n-om	a̋ṡ-a
all-ABS	life-N.s	sacred-N.s	be-IND	1p-N	life-A.s	into	sacred-ABS	be-IND-AP-G.p	into	come-IND	when	life-G.s	sacredness-A.s	abuse-IND	all-ABS	creation-A.s	affect-IND

• To be able to greet the sun with the sounds from all of nature is a great blessing.
• őra daafa̋s šenőm xéma sűűlem ǧe̋ru ma̋ƣu me̋żo fı̋ro e̋sa:

őra-Ø	daaf-a̋s	šen-őm	xéma	sűűl-em	ǧe̋r-u	ma̋ƣ-u	me̋żo-Ø	fı̋r-o	e̋s-a
all-ABS	nature-G.s	sound-G.p	with	sun-A.s	greet-SUP	be.able-SUP	great-ABS	blessing-N.s	be-IND

• Nature is a great blessing and it helps us to remember who is the real provider of all our benefits. - Thomas Yellowtail
• da̋a̋fa me̋żo fı̋ro e̋sa. da éȝa—táu őro m̃u-erőm m̃e̋xm̃u pa̋iƣlu e̋sa—żűűmu m̃un þőna:

da̋a̋f-a	me̋żo-Ø	fı̋r-o	e̋s-a	da	éȝ-a	tá-u	őro-Ø	m̃u=er-őm	m̃e̋xm̃u-Ø	pa̋iƣ-l-u	e̋s-a	żűűm-u	m̃-un	þőn-a
nature-N.s	great-ABS	blessing-N.s	be-IND	and	3-N.s	who-N.s	all-ABS	our=benefit=G.p	real-ABS	provide-AG-N.s	be-IND	remember-SUP	2p-A	help-IND

• When you arise in the morning, give thanks for the food and for the joy of living. If you see no reason for giving thanks, the fault lies only in yourself. - Tecumseh
• मे॔ति तु अय॓स् एदो॓स्क्वे ग्वीबस्क्वे च्यो॔ग कुये॓य॥ एबि कु॓यु तआ॔द ने॔अ फु॓स्रम् नके॓य। तोअ॔रि लो॓को सौ॔ल्भि तु॔स् ए॔न धै॓अ॥
• méti tu aȝa̋s kőþa. edősk̬e ǧiibaȝa̋sk̬e ṡ̨óga kuȝe̋ȝa: ébi kűȝu tááda néa fűsram nake̋ȝa. toári lőko sóólvi tús éna ðe̋e̋a:

méti	t-u	aȝ-a̋s	kőþ-a	ed-ős=k̬e	ǧii.baȝ-a̋s=k̬e	ṡ̨óga	kuȝ-e̋ȝa	ébi	kűȝ-u	tááda	néa-Ø	fűsr-am	nak-e̋ȝa	toári	lők-o	sóól=vi	t-ús	éna	ðe̋e̋-a
when	2s-N	morning-G.s	arise-IND	food-G.s=and	life.joy-G.s=and	for	thank-SBJ	if	give.thanks-SUP	for	no-ABS	reason-A.s	see-SBJ	then	fault-N.S	only=ADV	2s-G	in	lie-IND