Valware-English Dictionary

Pronunciation table

Latin	a	v	e	i	y	l	m	n	ń	o	r	s	t	u	w	f	h	ʻ
IPA	/a/	/β/	/e/	/i/	/j/	/l/	/m/	/n/	/ŋ/	/o/	/ɾ/	/s/	/t/	/u/	/w/	/ɸ/	/h/	/ʔ/

English-Valware Dictionary

A

• a, an, det. yuń.
• able, be, v. yeri.
• act, v. weńwa.
• adverb, wila nira.
• afraid, be, v. yota.
• all, det. owe.
• although, cnj. ńos.
• and, cnj. o(ʻ).
• animal, ʻaya.
• ant, niti.
• any, det. vun.
• appear, v. efa.
• apple, limo.
• arise (from bed), v. uńna.
• arrive, v. avi.
• as, cnj. yat.
• ash(es), laʻu.
• authority, muve.
• awaken, v. vasa.

B

• baby, fara.
• back, vawa.
• bad, adj. ʻino.
• banana, yafa.
• bark, risa.
• beach, fańwa.
• bee, onya.
• before, prep. fel.
• before, cnj. fel.
• begin, v. nura.
• behave, v. weńwa.
• basket, ʻewe.
• bath, hayuńu.
• bathe, v. yuńu.
• belly, ninfa.
• benefit, nehe.
• big, adj. laya.
• bird, vilo.
• bit, ova.
• bite, v. tańi.
• black, adj. ʻala.
• blood, yira.
• bloom, v. vuwi.
• blow, v. huvo.
• blue, adj. ńila.
• boat, tena.
• bolas, tihi.
• bone, rita.
• born, v. wolo.
• boy, tańwa.
• brave, adj. vati.
• breadfruit, ʻuru.
• breast, futu.
• breathe, v. wive.
• brew, v. vola.
• brother, sin ńohi.
• build, v. woma.
• burden, huse.
• burn, v. taru.
• but, cnj. ńo.
• buy, v. neri.

C

• cause, sewu.
• chest, futu.
• child, yanla.
• cliff, lufe.
• climb, v. viʻa.
• clothes, clothing, lofa.
• cloud, hila.
• coast, nafya.
• coconut, rufi.
• cold, adj. vihe.
• come, v. ʻawa.
• cone (tree), ʻova.
• cotton, fene.
• cook, v. fońya.
• correct, adj. esi.
• count, v. seru.
• crocodile, mańwu.
• cut, v. towa.

D

• daughter, veli.
• day, savi.
• deed, hatola.
• deep, adj. vuha.
• describe, v. lamo.
  • description, lamota.
• desire, v. ńeti.
• determine, v. muta.
  • determiner, muta nira.
• die, v. nolu.
• dig, v. folu.
• dignity, sańo.
• dirt, nori.
  • dirty, adj. inori.
• dish, fańvi.
• distant, adj. rele.
• dive, v. luti.
• do, v. tola.
• drink, v. ara.
• dry, adj. ʻulu.
• dull, adj. lono.
• dust, huhu.

E

• each, det. tir.
• eagle, ńeve.
• ear, fańa.
• early, adj. lańi.
• earth (people), fowe.
• earth (world), huni.
  • earthquake, huni lote.
• earth (soil), tuńte.
• eat, v. ya.
• effort, tosa.
• egg, heve.
• eight, yaro.
• empty, adj. wosi.
• evening, hole.
• every, det. sal.
• exchange, fide.
• eye, ańi.

F

• fall, v. tina.
• fall asleep, v. vońna.
• false, adj. ńive.
• family, inlu.
• far, adj. rele.
• fast, adj. tesa.
• fat, tońi.
• father, wana.
• favor, woha.
• fear, v. yota.
• feather, suri.
• female, adj. yim.
• few, det. ila.
• fight, v. vuva.
• find, v. nava.
• fire, rune.
• fish, sine.
• five, wuma.
• flame, rayi.
• float, v. weru.
• flood, resi.
• flow, v. leńi.
• flower, wuya.
• fly, v. wala.
• fog, tumu.
• follow, v. unsa.
• food, tane.
• foot, ńasi.
• forest, fulu.
• four, fińe.
• friend, eńyi.
• front, woro.
• fruit, heti.
• full, adj. wuri.

G

• gather, v. vańra.
• get, v. sańti.
• get up (from bed), v. uńwa.
• girl, neye.
• give, v. feli.
• go, v. ruma.
• good, adj. wawe.
• good (fresh), adj. wava.
• group, tuńwi.
• grass, voni.
• grasshopper, fańva.
• green, adj. vińi.
• grow, v. hata.
• gut(s), fiʻa.

H

• hand, rina.
• happen, v. sańwa.
• harvest, v. vańra.
• he, prn. s(a).
• head, levu.
• hear, v. rose.
• heart, yuru.
• heavy, adj. leńwe
• help, v. yuwa.
• here, adv. wato.
• high, adj. ʻari.
• hit, v. tono.
• hope, v. hońa.
• horn, suńo.
• hot, adj. tuna.
• house, yavi.
• how, intrg. adv. veńu.
• how, rel. adv. vewe.
• hunt, v. talu.
• hurry, v. mase.
• hurt, v. fori.
• husband, (tava) waʻa.

I

• I, prn. n(e).
• ice, vitu.
• if, cnj. wa.
• infrared, adj. isi.
• island, vali.
• it, prn. s(a).

J

• join, v. vońwa.
• just (recently), adv. falu.

K

• kill, v. tanfu.
• knee, turi.
• know (be certain), v. vańa.
• know (be acquainted), v. firu.

L

• lake, yana.
• language, rota.
• late, adj. hino.
• laugh, v. live.
• leaf, hura.
• leave, v. hala.
• left, adj. sena.
• leg, vamo.
• less, adv. tan.
• lie down, v. reva.
• lightning, feńi.
• like, v. vuta.
• like, prep. yat.
• limb, ʻowu.
• limit, v. muta.
• lip, sufa.
• little, adj. vina.
• live (be alive), v. ʻava.
• live (dwell), v. neńo.
• liver, yińwi.
• lizard, noʻo.
• loincloth, wama.
• long, adj. woto.
• louse, ʻutu.
• love, v. hero.

M

• make, v. rahe.
• make (cause to be), v. sewu.
• male, adj. sin.
• man (adult male), waʻa.
• man (species), nuńwu.
• manner, wila.
• many, det. imi.
• marry, v. tava.
• may, v. fiva.
• meal, tane.
• meat, nańto.
• method, wila.
• middle, wema.
• modify, v. fato.
• month, ńeri.
• moon, seńe.
• more, det. fev.
• morning, yala.
• mother, wińa.
• mountain, wula.
• mouth, toye.

N

• nail, viru.
• name, suwi.
• narrow, adj. ansu.
• near, adj. ńafi.
• need, v. feso.
• new, adj. ńuye.
• night, yolu.
• noon, ʻari savi.
• not, adv. fa.
• nose, anu.
• now, adv. ńas.
• number, yasi.

O

• oath, hara.
• oblige, v. weva.
• ocean, yula.
• of (possession), prep. ye.
• old, adj. leti.
• one, wasi.
• or, cnj. u.
• orange, adj. ańta.
• other, det. ńol
• outside, file.
• oven, rafe.
• oyster, vivayi.

P

• papaya, seʻi.
• parent, sole.
• part, fale.
• party, neva.
• pear, silne.
• pearl, yińyu.
• people, foʻe.
• person, wayo.
• pit, suhla.
• place, v. yeta.
• place, wańa.
• plant, v. ńawu.
• play, v. tuya.
• precede, v. mona.
• prefer, v. maha.
• prepare, v. seti.
  • preparation, setita.
• pull, v. wońa.
• purpose, nuwi.
• push, v. fero.

Q

• quick, adj. tesa.
• quake, v. lote.

R

• raft, rano.
• rain, suya.
• rainbow, tońwi.
• raspberry, voro.
• red, adj. sona.
• relate, v. riwa.
• remain, v. yaʻa.
• replace, v. mala.
  • replacement, malata.
• return, v. soʻi.
• right, sati.
• right (direction), adj. yatu.
• river, nayu.
• rock, ʻaʻa.
• room, wuńfu.
• root, hifa.
• rope, huńe.
• rose, yamni.
• rotten, v. roha.
• round, adj. yunlu.
• rub, v. nova.
• rule, tawa.
• run, v. huwu.

S

• salt, rońu.
• same, adj. vaya.
• sand, sara.
• sap, rińha.
• say, v. hova.
• sea, yula.
• scratch, v. latu.
• see, v. witi.
• seed, vene.
• serpent, nosa.
• seven, yutu.
• sew, v. viya.
• sharp, adj. taʻi.
• she, prn. s(a).
• shore, nafya.
• short, adj. tiva.
• sibling, ńohi.
• sick, adj. rala.
• sing, v. fińa.
• sink, v. vota.
• sister, yim ńohi.
• sit, v. ńoso.
• six, tuvi.
• skin, ʻiri.
• sky, veru.
• sleep, v. vońa.
• small, adj. vina.
• smell, v. somi.
• smoke, vahu.
• smooth, adj. rive.
• snake, nosa.
• snow, v. ńuha.
  • snow, hańuha.
• soil, tuńte.
• some, det. fam.
• speak, v. hova.
• spear, tofi.
• spit, v. wusa.
• split, v. hińwe.
• spring (season), wuńwo.
• squeeze, v. lani.
• stab, v. ńuvo.
• stand, v. ńiru.
• star, sotu.
• stay, v. yaʻa.
• steep, v. vola.
• stick, wete.
• stone, ʻaʻa.
• straight, adj. viwa.
• strawberry, ʻena.
• strong, adj. tayi.
• suck, v. tova.
• sun, savi.
• swell, v. hora.
• swim, v. ińwu.

T

• table, nasa.
• tail (land animal), lafu.
• tail (fish,shrimp, etc.), anli.
• talk, v. ware.
• tall, adj. ranfa.
• tell, v. hova.
• than, cnj. rav.
• thank, v. tańva.
• that, det. sat.
• that, prn. sata.
• the, det. (a)ń.
• there, adv. hińa.
• there is/are, v. hana.
• they, prn. sayi.
• thick (extent), adj. nowa.
• thick (viscous), adj. ravi.
• thin, adj. lahi.
• thing, nońo.
• think, v. nofo.
• this, det. hul.
• this, prn. hulu.
• three, silu.
• throw, v. seńwa.
• tide, inva.
• tie, v. fońwa.
• time (instance), nali.
• to, (indir. obj.), tu.
• today, hul savi.
• tomorrow, unsa savi.
• tongue, liru.
• tooth, ńiso.
• touch, v. rata.
• tree, sawa.
• turn, v. tila.
• two, yili.

U

• usual, adj. vana.

V

• village, wiye.
• violet, adj. misu.
• vomit, v. sańi.

W

• walk, v. fura.
• want, v. ńeti.
• warm, adj. ʻuni.
• wash, v. woya.
• water, infi.
• we, prn. ne yi.
• weigh, v. heta.
  • weight, hetata.
• wet, adj. vuru.
• what, intrg. prn. yańu.
• what, rel. prn. yawe.
• when, intrg. adv. lińu.
• when, rel. adv. liwe.
• where, intrg. adv. heńu.
• where, rel. adv. hewe.
• which, intrg. prn. teńu.
• which, intrg. adj. teńu.
• which, rel. prn. tewe.
• white, adj. heli.
• who, intrg. prn. nińu.
• who, rel. prn. niwe.
• why, intrg. adv. rańu.
• why, rel. adv. rawe.
• wide, adj. rifi.
• wife, (tava) nuvo.
• wind, faya.
• wing, hito.
• wipe, v. ńusa.
• wish, v. ńeti.
• woman, nuvo.
• word, nira.
• world, wińya.
• worm, nawo.

Y

• year, mevi.
• yellow, adj. luvo.
  • yesterday, adv. mona savi.
• you, prn. w(i) (sg.); wiyi (pl.).
• young, adj. yuha.

Pronunciation table

Latin	a	v	e	i	y	l	m	n	ń	o	r	s	t	u	w	f	h	ʻ
IPA	/a/	/β/	/e/	/i/	/j/	/l/	/m/	/n/	/ŋ/	/o/	/ɾ/	/s/	/t/	/u/	/w/	/ɸ/	/h/	/ʔ/

Valware-English Dictionary

A - ա - А а - Α α - ა - ⰰ - ᚨ - ⴰ

• anli, tail (fish,shrimp, etc.).
• ansu, adj. narrow.
• anu, nose.
• (a)ń, det. the.
• ańi, eye.
• ańta, adj. orange.
• ara, v. drink.
• avi, v. arrive.

E - ե - Э э - Ε η - ე - ⰵ - ᛖ - ⵦ

• efa, v. appear.
• eńyi, friend.
• esi, adj. correct.

F - ɸ - Ф ф - Φ φ - ჶ¹ - ⱇ - ᚠ - ⴼ

• 1. The letter fi <ჶ> is used in Laz and Svan.

• fa, adv. not.
• fal, adv. just (recently).
• fale, part.
• fam, det. some.
• fańa, ear.
• fańva, grasshopper.
• fańvi, dish.
• fańwa, beach.
• fara, baby.
• fato, v. modify.
• faya, wind.
• fe, part. progressive aspect.
• fel, cnj. before.
• fel, prep. before.
• feli, v. give.
• fene, cotton.
• feńi, lightning.
• fero, v. push.
• feso, v. need.
• fev, det. more.
• fide, exchange.
• file, fruit.
• fińa, v. sing.
• fińe, four.
• firu, v. know (be acquainted).
• fiva, v. may.
• fiʻa, gut(s).
• folu, v. dig.
• fońwa, v. tie.
• fońya, v. cook.
• fori, v. hurt.
• foʻe, people.
• fulu, forest.
• fura, v. walk.
• futu, breast, chest.

H - Һ һ - Ͱ ͱ - ჰ - ⱍ - ᚻ - ⵀ

• hala, v. leave.
• hana, v. there is/are.
• hańuha, snow.
• hara, oath.
• hata, v. grow.
• hatola, deed.
• hayuńu, bath.
• he, past tense marker.
• heli, adj. white.
• heńu, intrg. adv. where.
• hero, v. love.
• heve, egg.
• hewe, rel. adv. where.
• hifa, root.
• hifya, v. stay, remaiin.
• hila, cloud.
• hino, adj. late.
• hora, v. swell.
• hińa, adv. there.
• hińwe, v. split.
• hito, wing.
• hole, evening.
• hońa, v. hope.
• hova, v. say, speak, tell.
• huhu, dust.
• hul, det. this.
• hulu, prn. this.
• huni, earth.
  • huni lote, earthquake.
• huńe, rope.
• hura, leaf.
• huse, burden.
• huvo, v. blow.
• huwu, v. run.

I - ի - И и - Ι ι - ი - Ⰹ - ᛁ - ⵉ

• ila, det. few.
• ima, v. it is, they are.
• imi, det. many.
• infi, water.
• inlu, family.
• inori, adj. dirty.
• inva, tide.
• ińwu, v. swim.
• isi, adj. infrared.

L - լ - Л л - Λ λ - ლ - ⰾ - ᛚ - ⵍ

• lafu, tail (land animal).
• lahi, adj. thin.
• lamo, v. describe.
  • lamota, description.
• lani, v. squeeze.
• lańi, adj.early.
• latu, v. scratch.
• laya, adj. big.
• laʻu, ash(es).
• leńi, v. flow.
• leńwe, adj. heavy.
• leti, adj. old.
• levu, head.
• limo, apple.
• lińu, intrg. adv. when.
• liru, tongue.
• live, v. laugh.
• liwe, rel. adv. when.
• lono, adj. dull.
• lote, v. quake.
• lufe, cliff.
• luvo, adj. yellow.

M - մ - М м - Μ μ - მ - ⰿ - ᛗ - ⵎ

• maha, v. prefer.
• mala, v. replace.
  • malata, replacement.
• mańwu, crocodile.
• mase, v. hurry.
• mevi, year.
• misu, adj. violet.
• mona, v. precede.
  • mona savi, adv. yesterday.
• muta, v. determine, limit.
  • muta nira, determiner.
• muve, authority.

N - ն - Н н - Ν ν - ნ - ⱀ - ᚾ - ⵏ

• nafya, coast, shore.
• nali, time (instance).
• nańa, intrg. adj. which.
• nańto, meat.
• nasa, table.
• nava, find, v..
• nawo, worm.
• nayu, river.
• n(e), prn. I.
• nehe, benefit.
• neńo, v. live (dwell).
• neri, v. buy.
• neva, party.
• neye, girl.
• ne yi, prn. we.
• ninfa, belly.
• nińu, intrg. prn. who.
• nira, word.
• nis, intrg. adv. why.
• niti, ant.
• nolu, v. die.
• nońo, thing.
• nofo, v. think.
• nori, dirt.
• nosa, snake, serpent.
• nova, v. rub.
• nowa, adj. thick (extent).
• noʻo, lizard.
• nuńwu, Island people (man).
• nura, v. begin.
• nuvo, woman.
• nuwi, purpose.
• ńuye, adj. new, .

Ń - գ¹ - Ӈ ӈ² - Γ γ¹ - გ¹ - ⰳ¹ - ᛝ - ⵑ

• 1. In those languages without /ŋ/, the grapheme for /g/ is used.
• 2. The Nenets letter for /ŋ/.

• ńafi, adj. near.
• ńas, adv. now.
• ńasi, foot.
• ńawu, v. plant.
• ńeri, month.
• ńeti, v. want, wish, desire.
• ńeve, eagle.
• ńila, adj. blue.
• ńiso, tooth.
• ńive, adj. false.
• ńo, cnj. but.
• ńohi, sibling.
• ńol, det. other.
• ńoso, v. sit.
• ńuha, snow.
• ńusa, v. wipe.
• ńuvo, v. stab.

O - ո - О ο - Ο ο - ო - ⱁ - ᛟ - ⚋

• o(ʻ), cnj. and.
• onya, bee.
• ova, bit.
• owe, det. all.

R - ռ - Р р - Ρ ρ - რ - ⱃ - ᚱ - ⵔ

• rafe, oven, .
• rahe, v. make.
• rala, adj. sick.
• ranfa, adj. tall.
• rano, raft.
• rańu, intrg. adv. why.
• rata, v. touch.
• rav, cnj. than.
• ravi, adj. thick (viscous).
• rawe, rel. adv. why.
• rayi, flame.
• rele, adj. far, distant.
• resi, flood.
• reva, v. lie down.
• rifi, adj. wide.
• rina, hand.
• risa, bark.
• rita, bone.
• rive, adj. smooth.
• riwa, v. relate.
• roha, v. rotten.
• rońu, salt.
• rose, v. hear.
• rota, language.
• rufi, coconut.
• ruma, v. go.
• rune, fire.

S - ს - С с - Σ ς - ს - ⱄ - ᛊ - ⵙ

• s(a), prn. he, she, it.
• sal, det. every.
• sańi, v. vomit.
• sańo, dignity.
• sańti, v. get.
• sara, sand.
• sat, det. that.
• sata, prn. that.
• sati, right.
• savi, sun, day.
• sawa, tree.
• saye, prn. they.
• sef, prep. without.
• sena, adj. left.
• seńe, moon.
• seńwa, v. throw.
• seru, v. count.
• seti, v. prepare.
  • setita, preparation.
• sevi, adv. there.
• sewu, v. cause, make (cause to be).
• seʻi, papaya.
• silu, three.
• silne, pear.
• sin, adj. male.
• sin ńohi, brother.
• sine, fish.
• sole, parent.
• somi, v. smell.
• sona, adj. red.
• sotu, star.
• soʻi, v. return.
• sufa, lip.
• suńo, horn.
• suri, feather.
• suwi, name.
• suya, rain.

T - տ - Т т - Τ τ - ტ - ⱅ - ᛏ - ⵜ

• talu, v. hunt.
• tan, adv. less.
• tane, food, meal.
• tanfu, v. kill.
• tańi, v. bite.
• tańva, v. thank.
• tańwa, boy.
• taru, v. burn.
• tava, v. marry.
• (tava) nuvo, wife.
• (tava) waʻa, husband.
• tawa, rule.
• tayi, adj. strong.
• taʻi, adj. sharp.
• tena, boat.
• teń, prep. with (instrument).
• teńu, intrg. prn. & adj. which.
• tesa, adj. fast, quick, swift.
• tewe, rel. prn. which.
• tihi, bolas.
• tila, v. turn.
• tina, v., fall.
• tir, det. each.
• tiva, adj. short.
• tofi, spear.
• tola, v. do.
• tono, v. hit.
• tońi, fat.
• tońwi, rainbow.
• tosa, effort.
• tova, suck, v..
• towa, v. cut.
• toye, mouth.
• tu, indir. obj., to.
• tumu, fog.
• tuna, adj. hot.
• tuńte, earth (soil), .
• tuńwi, group.
• turi, knee.
• tuvi, six.
• tuya, v. play.

U - ու - У у - Υ υ - უ - ⱆ - ᚢ - ⵓ

• u, cnj. or.
• unsa, v. follow.
  • unsa savi, tomorrow.
• uńna, v. arise (from bed).
• uvuń, adj. long.

V - վ - В в - Β β - ვ - ⰲ - ᚡ - ⴲ

• vahu, smoke.
• vali, island.
• vamo, leg.
• vana, adj. usual.
• vańa, v. know (be certain).
• vańra, v. gather, harvest.
• vasa, v. awaken.
• vati, adj. brave.
• vawa, back.
• vaya, adj. same.
• veli, daughter.
• vene, seed.
• veńu, intrg. adv. how.
• veru, sky.
• vewe, rel. adv. how.
• vihe, adj. cold.
• vilo, bird.
• vina, adj. little, small.
• vińi, adj. green.
• viru, nail.
• vitu, ice.
• vivayi, oyster.
• viwa, adj. straight.
• viya, v. sew.
• viʻa, v. climb.
• vola, v. steep, brew.
• voni, grass.
• vonńa, v. fall asleep.
• vońa, v. sleep.
• vońwa, v. join.
• voro, raspberry.
• vota, v. sink.
• vuha, adj. deep.
• vun, det. any.
• vuru, adj. wet.
• vuta, v. like.
• vuva, v. fight.
• vuwi, v. bloom.

W - ւ - Ў ў¹ - Ϝ ϝ - ჳ² - ⱉ³ - ᚹ - ⵡ

• 1. The Belarusian letter for /w/
• 2. The obsolete letter vie <ჳ> is used for /w/.
• 3. The letter oht <ⱉ> /ɔ/ is reassigned the value /w/.

• wa, cnj. if.
• wala, v. fly.
• wana, father.
• wańa, place.
• ware, v. talk.
• wasi, one.
• wato, adv. here.
• wava, adj. good (fresh).
• wawe, adj. good.
• wayo, person.
• waʻa, man.
• wema, middle.
• weńwa, v. act, behave.
• weru, v. float.
• wete, stick.
• weva, v. oblige, ought to, have to, must.
• w(i), prn. you (sg.).
• wila, manner, method.
  • wila nira, adverb.
• wińa, mother.
• wińya, world.
• witi, v. see.
• wive, v. breathe.
• wiye, village.
• wi yi, prn. you (pl.).
• woha, favor.
• wolo, v. born.
• woma, v. build.
• wońa, v. pull.
• woro, front.
• wosi, adj. empty.
• woto, adj. long.
• woya, v. wash.
• wula, mountain.
• wuma, five.
• wuńfu, room.
• wuńwo, spring (season).
• wuri, adj. full.
• wusa, v. spit.
• wuya, flower.

Y - յ - Ј ј - Ј ј - ჲ¹ - Ⱓ - ᛃ - ⵢ

• 1. The obsolete letter hie <ჲ> is used for /j/.

• ya, v. eat.
• yafa, banana.
• yala, morning.
• yamni, rose.
• yana, lake.
• yanla, child.
• yańu, intrg. prn. what.
• yaro, eight.
• yasi, number.
• yat, cnj. as.
• yat, prep. like, similar to.
• yatu, adj. right (side).
• yavi, house.
• yawe, rel. prn. what.
• yaʻa, v. remain.
• yeri, v. be able.
• yeta, v. place.
• yili, two.
• yim, adj. female.
• yim ńohi, sister.
• yińwi, liver.
• yińyu, pearl.
• yira, blood.
• yolu, night.
• yota, v. fear.
• yuha, adj. young.
• yula, sea, ocean.
• yunlu, adj. round.
• yuń, det. a, an.
• yuńu, v. bathe.
• yuru, heart.
• yutu, seven.
• yuwa, v. help.

ʻ - ղ¹ - Ъ ъ - ʻ - ჸ² - Ⱈ³ - ᛣ⁴ - ⴴ¹

• 1. The uvular voiced fricative /ɣ/ is reassigned the value /ʔ/.
• 2. The glottal stop in Svan and Mingrelian.
• 3.The letter kher <Ⱈ> /x/ is used for /ʔ/.
• 4. The letter kalc <ᛣ> /k/ is used for /ʔ/.

• ʻahe, neck.
• ʻala, adj. black.
• ʻari, adj. high.
• ʻari savi, noon.
• ʻava, v. live.
• ʻawa, v. come.
• ʻaya, animal.
• ʻaʻa, rock, stone.
• ʻe, past perfect tense marker.
• ʻena, strawberry.
• ʻewe, basket.
• ʻino, adj. bad.
• ʻiri, skin.
• ʻova, cone (tree).
• ʻowu, limb.
• ʻulu, adj. dry.
• ʻuni, adj. warm.
• ʻuru, breadfruit.
• ʻutu, louse.