Senjecas - Cain and Abel

Pronunciation table

p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ǫ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	CONV = conversive	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	Q = interrogative particle
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	SBJ = subjunctive

Text

kaȝı̋nuk̬e heve̋luk̬e – Cain and Abel (Genesis 4:1-16)

ivrěȝeka̋s úúda tarne̋xaþo

Translated from the Hebrew

• New American Bible
• Literal Hebrew Translation
• Senjecan Text

Gloss

• 1. The man had relations with is wife Eve, and she conceived and bore Cain, saying, "I have produced a man with the help of the Lord."
• and.the.man knew Eve his.wife. And.she.conceived and.bore Cain, and.said I.have.gotten man (with the help) of JHWH.
• da m̃ı̋ı̋ru xa̋m̃um eȝu-kőzum e-sa̋a̋ra: da éȝu e-nı̋ı̋lak̬' e-ı̋ı̋nak̬' e-te̋e̋ak̬e: m̃a m̃ı̋ı̋rum ȝahm̃űs þóna ı̋ı̋na m̃ar:

da	m̃ı̋ı̋r-u	xa̋m̃-um	eȝu=kőz-um	e=sa̋a̋r-a	da	éȝ-u	e=nı̋ı̋l-a=k̬-'	e=ı̋ı̋n-a=k̬-'	e=te̋e̋-a=k̬e
and	man-N.s	Eve-A.s	his=wife-A.s	PST=know-IND	and	3-N.s	PST=conceive-IND=and-ELIS	PST=bear-IND=and-ELIS	PST=say-IND=and

m̃a	m̃ı̋ı̋r-um	ȝahm̃-űs	þóna	Ø~ı̋ı̋n-a	m̃ar
QUOT	man-A.s	JHWH-G.s	with.help.of	PRF~give.birth-IND	QUOT

• 2. Next she bore his brother Abel. Abel became a keeper of flocks, and Cain a tiller of the soil.
• and.she.continued to.bear his-brother Abel. and.became Abel shepherd of flocks, and.Cain became tiller.of ground.
• da eȝu-ża̋mum heve̋lum e-iine̋la da heve̋lu ǧuvőm om̃ta̋ðlu e-ı̋la da kaȝı̋nu tale̋s ƣa̋nlu e-ı̋la:

da	eȝu=ża̋m-um	heve̋l-um	e=iin-e̋l-a	da	heve̋l-u	ǧuv-őm	om̃-ta̋ð-l-u	e=ı̋l-a
and	his=brother-A.s	Abel-A.s	PST=give.birth-FRQ-IND	and	Abel-N.s	flock-G.p	sheep-herd-AG-N.s	PST=become-IND

da	kaȝı̋n-u	tal-e̋s	ƣa̋n-l-u	e=ı̋l-a
and	Cain-N.s	earth-G.s	till-AG-N.s	PST=become-IND

• 3. In the course of time Cain brought an offering to the Lord from the fruit of the soil,
• and.it.was in.end.of days that.brought Cain from.fruit.of the.ground offering to.JHWH.
• d’ aha̋mĕ muƣra̋s éna e-e̋sa ȝa kaȝı̋nu tale̋s maalős ápa ȝahm̃űs o e-lı̋ta:

d-’	ah-a̋m=ĕ	muƣr-a̋s	éna	e-e̋s-a	ȝa	kaȝı̋n-u	tal-e̋s	maal-ős	ápa	ȝahm̃-űs	o	e=lı̋t-a
and-ELIS	day-G.p=EP	end-G.s	in	PST=be-IND	that	Cain-N.s	ground-G.s	fruit-G.s	from	JHWH-G.s	to	PST=bring.offering-IND

• 4. while Abel, for his part, brought one of the best firstlings of his flock. The Lord looked with favor on Abel and his offering,
• and.Abel brought also-he from.firstlings.of his.flocks, even.from.their.fat. and.looked JHWH to-Abel and.to-his.offering;
• da heve̋lu eȝu-gűvom ápa pı̋ı̋me þűnte że̋naþen e-lı̋ta: da ȝa̋hm̃u heve̋lumk̬e eȝu-lı̋tomk̬e do e-nőőa:

da	heve̋l-u	eȝu=guv-őm	ápa	pı̋ı̋me-Ø	þűnte-Ø	że̋n-a-þ-en	e-lı̋t-a	da	ȝa̋hm̃-u	heve̋l-um=k̬e
and	Abel-N.s	his-flock-G.p	from	fat-ABS	first-ABS	be.born-IND-PP-A.p	PST=bring.offering-IND	and	JHWH-N.s	Abel-A.s=and

eȝu=lı̋t-om=k̬e	do	e=nőő-a
his-offering-A.s=and	to	PST=look.at-IND

• 5. but on Cain and his offering he did not. Cain greatly resented this and was crestfallen.
• and.to-Cain and.to-his offering not he.did.look. and.glowed Cain greatly, and.fell his.face.
• da kaȝı̋numk̬e eȝu-lı̋tomk̬e do e-nőőa ne: da kaȝı̋nu lábu e-a̋a̋sa. da eȝu-mőőro e-főőla:

da	kaȝı̋n-um=k̬e	nu=lı̋t-om=k̬e	do	e=nőő-a	ne	da	kaȝı̋n-u	lábu	e=a̋a̋s-a	da	eȝu=mőőr-o	e=főől-a
and	Cain-A.s=and	his=offering-A.s=and	to	PST=look.at-IND	not	and	Cain-N.s	greatly	PST=glow-IND	and	his=face-N.s	PST=fall-IND

• 6. So the Lord said to Cain: “Why are you resentful and crestfallen?
• and.said JHWH to-Cain, why have.glowed.angrily you and.why has.fallen your.face?
• da ȝa̋hm̃u kaȝinűs o e-te̋e̋a: m̃a tu xávu ge̋ƣrĕvi aa̋sa da xávu tu-mőőro fŭfőőla:

da	ȝa̋hm̃-u	kaȝin-űs	o	e=te̋e̋-a	m̃a	t-u	xávu	ge̋ƣr-ĕ=vi	a~a̋s-a	da	xávu	tu=mőőr-o	fŭ~főől-a
and	JHWH-N.s	Cain-G.s	to	PST=say-IND	QUOT	2.s-N	why	angry-EP=ADV	PRF~glow-IND	and	why	your=face-N.s	PRF~fall-IND

• 7. If you do well, you can hold up your head; but if not, sin is a demon lurking at the door: his urge is toward you, yet you can be his master.”
• is.there.not if-you.do well acceptance? and.if not you.do.well at.the.door sin is.crouching: and.toward.you its desire (is), but.you should rule over.it.
• ébi tű súvi kie̋ȝa. toári ga̋ra vűűla ne me: da ébi tű súvi kie̋ȝa ne. toári a̋go ðűros éna te̋upa. da eȝo-pı̋ı̋r̈a tum do (e̋sa): da tű nom zı̋lu ke̋la m̃ar:

ébi	t-u	sú-vi	ki-e̋ȝa	toári	ga̋r-a	vűűl-a	ne	me	da	ébi	t-u	sú=vi	ki-e̋ȝa	ne	toári	a̋g-o	ðűr-os	éna	te̋up-a
if	2.s-N	good=ADV	do-SBJ	then	acceptance-N.s	there.be-IND	not	Q	and	if	2.s-N	good=ADV	do-SBJ	not	then	sin-N.s	door-G.s	at	crouch-IND

da	eȝo=pı̋ı̋r̈-a	t-um	do	e̋s-a	da	t-u	n-om	zı̋l-u	ke̋l-a
and	its-desire-N.s	2.s-A	to	be.IND	and	2.s-N	3-A.s	rule.over-SUP	should-IND

• 8. Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let us go out in the field.” When they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him.
• and.talked Cain with-Abel his.brother; and.as.were in.the.field, rose.up Cain against-Abel his.brother and.killed.him.
• da kaȝı̋nu eȝu-żaműs hevelűs o e-va̋a̋a: da loukős éna e-vűűantu kaȝı̋nu eȝu-ża̋mum heve̋lum þóósa e-re̋nak̬e éȝum e-ka̋a̋dak̬e:

da	kaȝı̋n-u	eȝu=żam-űs	hevel-űs	o	e=va̋a̋-a	da	louk-ős	éna	e=vűű-a-ntu-Ø	kaȝı̋n-u	eȝu=ża̋m-um	heve̋l-um	þóósa
and	Cain-N.s	his=brother-G.s	Abel-G.s	to	PST=talk-IND	and	field-G.s	in	PST=be-IND-AP-ABS	Cain-N.s	his=brother-A.s	Abel-A.s	against

e=re̋n-a=k̬e	éȝ-um	e=ka̋a̋d-a
PST=rise.up-IND=and	3-A.s	PST=kill-IND

• 9. Then the Lord asked Cain, “Where is your brother Abel?” He answered, “I do not know. Am I my brother’s keeper?”
• and.said JHWH to-Cain, where (is) Abel your.brother? and.he.said not I.do.know; keeper my.brother’s I (am)?
• da ȝa̋hm̃u kaȝinűs o e-te̋e̋a: m̃a heve̋lu tu-ża̋mu xáru e̋sa m̃ar: da e-te̋e̋a: m̃a sa̋a̋ra ne: mu-żaműs pőþlu e̋sa me m̃ar:

da	ȝa̋hm̃-u	kaȝin-űs	o	e=te̋e̋-a	m̃a	heve̋l-u	tu=ża̋m-u	xáru	e̋s-a	m̃ar	da	e=te̋e̋-a
and	JHWH-N.s	Cain-G.s	to	PST=say-IND	QUOT	Abel-N.s	your=brother.N.s	where	be-IND	QUOT	and	PST=say-IND

m̃a	sa̋a̋r-a	ne	mu=ża̋m-űs	pőþ-l-u	e̋s-a	me	m̃ar
QUOT	know-IND	not	my=brother-G.s	keep-AG-N.s	be-IND	Q	QUOT

• 10. The Lord then said: “What have you done! Listen: your brother’s blood cries out to me from the soil!
• and.he.said what you.have.done? voice.of blood your.brother’s cries to.me from the.ground.
• da e-te̋e̋a: m̃a tu xom kĭkia: tu-żamű’ seegős ƣa̋mo tale̋s úúda mús o ża̋a̋ra:

da	e=te̋e̋-a	m̃a	t-u	x-om	kĭ~ki-a	tu=żam-ű’	seeg-ős	ƣa̋m-o	tal-e̋s	úúda	m-ús	o	ża̋a̋r-a
and	PST=say-IND	QUOT	2s.N	what-A.s	PRF~do-IND	your=brother-G.s-ELIS	blood-G.s	voice-N.s	ground-G.s	out.of	1s.G	to	cry-IND

• 11. Therefore you shall be banned from the soil that opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.
• and.now cursed (are) you from-the.ground which opened its-mouth to.receive blood your.brother’s from your.hand.
• da imu tu tale̋s ápa—táe tu-manős ápa tu-żamű’ se̋e̋gom te̋ku eȝe-őősom e-lűra—n̨a̋maþu e̋sa:

da	imu	t-u	tal-e̋s	ápa	tá-e	tu=man-ős	ápa	tu=żam-ű’	se̋e̋g-om	te̋k-u	eȝe=őős-om	e=lűr-a
and	now	2s.N	ground-G.s	from	which-N.s	your=hand-G.s	from	your=brother-G.s-ELIS	blood-A.s	receive-SUP	its=mouth-A.s	PST=open-IND

n̨a̋m-a-þ-u	e̋s-a
curse-IND-PP-N.s	be-IND

• 12. If you till the soil, it shall no longer give you its produce. You shall become a restless wanderer on the earth.”
• When you.till the.ground not-again it.will give its.strength to.you; vagabond and fugitive you.shall.be on.earth.
• méti tu ta̋lem ƣa̋na—tűs o eȝe-m̃a̋ltam u-dőőa ne náánu: tu ƣőƣluk̬e őőðluk̬e tale̋s éna u-e̋sa:

méti	t-u	ta̋l-em	ƣa̋n-a	t-űs	o	eȝe=m̃a̋lt-am	u=dőő-a	ne	náánu	t-u	ƣőƣ-l-u=k̬e	őőð-l-u=k̬e
when	2s.N	ground-G.s	till-IND	2s.G	to	its=strength-A.s	FUT=give-IND	not	again	2s.N	wander-AG—N.s=and	flee-AG-N.s=and

tal-e̋s	éna	u=e̋s-a
earth-G.s	on	FUT=be-IND

• 13. Cain said to the Lord: “My punishment is too great to bear.
• and.said Cain to-JHWH, is-greater my.punishment than.I.can.bear
• da kaȝı̋nu ȝa̋hm̃űs o e-te̋e̋a: m̃a mu-þűpo mĭme̋żo esa sómi ne̋xu ma̋ƣa:

da	kaȝı̋n-u	ȝa̋hm̃-űs	o	e=te̋e̋-a	m̃a	mu=þűp-o	mĭ~me̋ż-o	es-a	sómi	ne̋x-u	ma̋ƣ-a
and	Cain-N.s	JHWH-G.s	to	PST=say-IND	QUOT	my=punishment-N.s	EL~great-N.s	be-IND	than	bear-SUP	be.able-IND

• 14. Since you have now banished me from the soil, and I must avoid your presence and become a restless wanderer on the earth, anyone may kill me at sight.”
• Lo, you.have.driven.out me today, from face.of the.earth and.from.your.face I.shall.be.hidden; and.I.shall.be vagabond and.fugitive on.earth. and.it.will.be all-who.find.me shall.kill.me
• eenő. tu sáhvi tale̋s mőőrom ápa mum dĭde̋ga da mu tu-moorűs ápa la̋a̋ðaþ' u-ı̋la: da mu ƣőƣluk̬e őőðluk̬e tale̋s éna u-e̋sa: da mum de̋e̋santus mum u-ka̋a̋da m̃ar:

eenő	t-u	s-áh=vi	tal-e̋s	mőőr-om	ápa	m-um	dĭ~de̋g-a	da	m-u	tu=moor-ős	ápa	la̋a̋ð-a-þ-'	u=ı̋l-a
behold	2s-N	this-day=ADV	earth-G.s	face-A.s	from	1s-A	PRF~drive.out-IIND	and	1.s-N	your=face-G.s	from	hide-IND-PP-ELIS	FUT=become-IND

da	m-u	ƣőƣ-l-u=k̬e	őőð-l-u=k̬e	tal=e̋s	éna	u=e̋s-a	da	őru-Ø	m-um	de̋e̋s-a-nt-us	m-um	u=ka̋a̋d-a	m̃ar
and	1s-N	wander-AG-N.s=and	flee-AG-N.s=and	earth-G.s	on	FUT=be-IND	and	all-ABS	1s-A	find-IND-AP-N.p	1s-A	FUT=kill-IND	QUOT

• 15. “Not so!” the Lord said to him. “If anyone kills Cain, Cain shall be avenged seven-fold.” So the Lord put a mark on Cain, lest anyone should kill him at sight.
• and.said to.him JHWH if all-kill Cain, sevenfold he.shall.be.avenged. and.set JHWH on.Cain mark so.that.not should.hill him all-who.found.him.
• da ȝa̋hm̃u eȝús o e-te̋e̋a: m̃a ébi k̬énu kaȝı̋num kaade̋ȝa. toári sefgáámvi ȝőőaþ' u-ı̋la m̃ar: da ȝa̋hm̃u kaȝı̋num éna e̋e̋lom e-ðe̋e̋a. táádi éȝum de̋e̋santus éȝum kaade̋ȝa mee:

da	ȝa̋hm̃-u	eȝ-ús	o	e=te̋e̋-a	m̃a	ébi	k̬én-u	kaȝı̋n-um	kaad-e̋ȝa	toári	sef-gáám=vi	ȝőő-a-þ-'	u=ı̋l-a	m̃ar
and	JWHW-N.s	3s-G	to	PST=say-IND	QUOT	if	anyone-N.s	Cain-A.s	kill-SBJ	then	seven-fold-ADV	avenge-IND-PP-ELIS	FUT	become-IND	QUOT

da	ȝa̋hm̃-u	kaȝı̋n-um	éna	e̋e̋l-om	e=ðe̋e̋-a	táádi	éȝ-um	de̋e̋s-a-nt-us	éȝ-um	kaad-e̋ȝa	mee
and	JHWH-N.s	Cain-A.s	on	mark-A.s	PST=place-IND	in.order.that	3s-A	find-IND-PP-N.p	3s-A	kill-SBJ	not

• 16. Cain then left the Lord’s presence and settled in the land of Nod, east of Eden.
• and.went.out Cain from.face.of JHWH and.lived in.land.of Nod, east.of-Eden.
• kaȝı̋nu pósu ȝahm̃űs mőőrom ápa e-vı̋da. da edena̋s ápa auste̋ra mexa̋s noda̋s éna e-m̃e̋e̋sa:

kaȝı̋n-u	pósu	ȝahm̃-űs	mőőr-om	ápa	e=vı̋d-a	da	eden-a̋s	ápa	auste̋ra-Ø	mex-a̋s	nod-a̋s	éna	e=m̃e̋e̋s-a
Cain-N.s	then	JHWH-G.s	face-A.s	from	PST=leave-IND	and	Eden-G.s	from	east-ABS	land-G.s	Nod-G.s	in	PST=live-IND