Senjecas - Qingming, Vietnamese
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Pronunciation table
| p | b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | š | s̨ | i | e | a | ǫ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ |
Glossing abbreviations
| 1s/p = 1st person singular/plural | ABL = ablative suffix | COL = collective | EQU = equative degree | INS = instrument | PRF = perfect | SUP = supine |
| 2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural | ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) | CONV = conversive | F = feminine | INT = intensive prefix | PRV = privative prefix | TRZ = transitivizer |
| 3 = 3rd person | ADV = adverb | DES = desiderative | FRQ = frequentative | LAT = lative suffix | PST = past | VOC = vocative particle |
| A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) | AG = agent | DIM = diminutive | FUT = future | LOC = locative suffix | Q = interrogative particle | |
| G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) | AP = agent (active) participle | ELIS = elision | IMP = imperative | M = masculine | QUOT = direct quotation | |
| N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) | AUG = augmentative | ELT = elative | INC = inchoative | OCC = occupation suffix | RPR = recent perfective | |
| V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) | CAUS = causative | EP = epenthesis | IND = indicative | PP = patient (past) participle | SBJ = subjunctive |
Text
Qing Ming (Vietnamese)
- Swift swallows and spring days were shuttling by;
- őőṡe ƣe̋lesk̬e kesa̋hask̬e pórk̬e púk̬' e-műla:
őőṡe-Ø ƣe̋l-es=k̬e kes-a̋h-as=k̬e pór=k̬e pú=k̬e e=műl-a swift-ABS swallow-N.p=and spring-day-G.p=and forth=and back=and PST=pass.by-IND
- Of ninety radiant ones three score had fled.
- nűmfoos heera̋m sa̋a̋dfoos e-ɫŭɫ̨őka:
nűm-foos heer-a̋m sa̋a̋d-foos e=őőd-a nine-tens radiant-G.p six-tens PST=(PRF)flee-IND
- Young grass spread all its green to heaven's rim.
- be̋ki a̋ibi numős tűbom do őro eȝi-ða̋lom e-ża̋a̋da:
be̋ki-Ø a̋ib-i num-ős tűb-om do őro-Ø eȝi=ða̋l-om e=ża̋a̋d-a young-ABS grass-N.s heaven-G.s rim-A.s to all-ABS its=green-A.s PST-spread-IND
- Some blossoms marked pear branches with white dots.
- tı̋ı̋ðo na̋nos pa̋ȝo botőm kía k̨ortemı̋m ża̋von e-tűsa:
tı̋ı̋ðo-Ø na̋n-os pa̋ȝo-Ø bot-őm kía k̨ortem-ı̋m ża̋v-on e=tűs-a some-ABS blossom-N.p white-ABS dot-G.p with pear.tree-G.p branches-A.p PST=mark-IND
- Now came the Feast of Light in the third month
- f̨oþő' sa̋rno ímu tı̋rta f̨aga̋s e-ǧe̋ma:
f̨oþ-ő-' sa̋rn-o ímu tı̋rta-Ø f̨ag-a̋s e=ǧe̋m-a light-G.s-ELIS festival-N.s now third-ABS month-G.s PST=come-IND
- With graveyard rites and junkets on the green.
- ðoovkaapős oorőmk̬e dorvős éna sevtaƣőmk̬e éta:
ðoovdar-ős oor-őm=k̬e dorv-ős éna sev.taƣ-őm=k̬e éta graveyard-G.s rite-G.p=and green-G.s on pleasure.journey-G.p=and with
- As merry pilgrims flocked from near and far,
- méti me̋udu soorta̋ƣlus ȝóvþisk̬e þífþisk̬e e-műþa.
méti me̋udu-Ø soor.ta̋ƣ-l-us ȝóv=þis=k̬e þíf=þis=k̬e e=műþ-a as merry-ABS beseech.travel-AG-N.p near=ABL=and far=ABL=and PST=gather-IND
- The sisters and their brother went for a stroll.
- še̋susk̬e eȝu-ża̋muk̬e dénvi e-ne̋da⁝
še̋s-us=k̬-' eȝu=ża̋m-u=k̬e dén-vi e=ne̋d-a sister-N.p=and-ELIS their=brother-N.s=and leisure-ADV PST=walk-IND
