Poswa irregular verbs

Irregular verbs

M

mi

The verb mi "to see" is an irregular verb with a stem change to the oblique variant v-:

mi		Past	Present	Imperative
Intransitive	1st person	vi	vo	vub
	2nd person	ve	vae	vi
	3rd person	vel	va	vob
Transitive	1st person	vebi	vabo	vwub
	2nd person	vebe	vabae	vwi
	3rd person	vebel	vaba	vwob

The forms of this verb carry over to compound verbs with mi as the last element, such as the emphatic blomi "to see with one's eyes" and tomi "to imagine, to visually hallucinate or see a mirage". Thus one can say

Vebi!

I saw you!

Wapum! Tovebi!

Whoops! I thought I saw you!

Likewise,

Vub!

Let me see!

Blovub!

Really! Let me see!

N

niapa

Below is the conjugation for niapa "to shield, protect from harm". For most of the table, niapa is a "hyper-regular" verb, meaning that it disobeys even the consonant mutation rules that the regular nouns follow. But in the transitive imperative, it becomes irregular in the sense that it is one of the very few verbs in which the normally reliable -b- that appears in transitive verbs has changed to -p-. This is under the influence of a previously existing -š-:

niapa		Past	Present	Imperative
Intransitive	1st person	niapi	niapo	niapub
	2nd person	niape	niapae	niapi
	3rd person	niapel	niapa	niapob
Transitive	1st person	niapebi	niapabo	niappub
	2nd person	niapebe	niapabae	niappi
	3rd person	niapebel	niapaba	niappob

Niappi!

Protect me!

P

plomip

The verb plomip "to pray, to request for" is a syncopating verb:

plomip		Past	Present	Imperative
Intransitive	1st person	plompwi	plompwo	plompwub
	2nd person	plompwe	plompwae	plompwi
	3rd person	plompwel	plompwa	plompwob
Transitive	1st person	plompwebi	plompwabo	plompwubub
	2nd person	plompwebe	plompwabae	plompwubi
	3rd person	plompwebel	plompwaba	plompwubob

Note that this verb is a doublet of plommip, which has no significant difference in meaning. Plommip is regular because there are no sound changes which could have created an -mmp- cluster in the middle of a word. Thus

Pawiapop plompwabo.

and

Pawiapop plommipwabo.

both mean

"I'm praying for a boat."

pobbia

Below is the conjugation for pobbia "to lactate":

pobbia		Past	Present	Imperative
Intransitive	1st person	pobbwi	pobbwo	pobbwub
	2nd person	pobbwe	pobbwae	pobbwi
	3rd person	pobbwel	pobbwa	pobbwob
Transitive	1st person	pobbwebi	pobbwabo	pobbwubub
	2nd person	pobbwebe	pobbwabae	pobbwubi
	3rd person	pobbwebel	pobbwaba	pobbwubob

The rarely used transitive form of this verb was analogized from an earlier form producing *pobbwiwebi and so on:

Be₁, piabo₂ pobbwo.₃ Wavam?₄

Yes₁, I'm still₂ lactating.₃ Why?₄

Note that this is not a reflexive verb, but that it can be used with a reflexive marker, in which case it becomes regular:

Pobbiafi₁ burmanub.₂

I milked myself₁ with the breast pump.₂

pys

The verb pys "to find" is an irregular stem-changing verb:

pu		Past	Present	Imperative
Intransitive	1st person	pwi	pwo	pwub
	2nd person	pwe	pwae	pwi
	3rd person	pwel	pwa	pwob
Transitive	1st person	pwebi	pwabo	pwubub
	2nd person	pwebe	pwabae	pwubi
	3rd person	pwebel	pwaba	pwubob

S

Below is the conjugation of sopa "to answer, respond appropriately":

sopa		Past	Present	Imperative
Intransitive	1st person	sopi	sopo	sopub
	2nd person	sope	sopae	sopi
	3rd person	sopel	sopa	sopob
Transitive	1st person	sopebi	sopabo	soppub
	2nd person	sopebe	sopabae	soppi
	3rd person	sopebel	sopaba	soppob

Thus, for most of the table, sopa is a "hyper-regular" verb, meaning that it disobeys even the consonant mutation rules that the regular nouns follow. But in the transitive imperative, it becomes irregular in the sense that it is one of the very few verbs in which the normally reliable -b- that appears in transitive verbs has changed to -p-. This is under the influence of a previously existing -f-.

sys

The verb sys "to sleep" is an irregular stem-changing verb:

sys		Past	Present	Imperative
Intransitive	1st person	swi	swo	swub
	2nd person	swe	swae	swi
	3rd person	swel	swa	swob
Transitive	1st person	swebi	swabo	swubub
	2nd person	swebe	swabae	swubi
	3rd person	swebel	swaba	swubob

For the most part, the multitude of verbs ending in -sis such as besis "to sleep like a baby" and pipsis "to sleep in a tree" behave regularly and thus do not rhyme with the simple standalone verb for sleep. However, ad hoc coinages do exist, particularly for words in which the first morpheme in the compound has not been affected by sound changes. Poswobs thus can choose between

Beswi!

I slept like a baby!

Using the normal verb for sleep, or

Besiši!

I slept like a baby!

Treating it like a normal -s verb.

bottom

		Past	Present	Imperative
Intransitive	1st person
	2nd person
	3rd person
Transitive	1st person
	2nd person
	3rd person