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| * ''See also'': [[Ilya/lexicon|Ilya dictionary]] | | * ''See also'': [[Ilya/lexicon|Ilya dictionary]] |
| * ''See also'': [[Ilya/phrases|Ilya phrases]] | | * ''See also'': [[Ilya/phrases|Ilya phrases]] |
| = sounds =
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 600px;"
| | =Phonology= |
| |+ '''consonants'''
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| |-
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| <!-- Heading row -->
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| !
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| !Bilabial
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| !Alveolar
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| !Palatal
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| !Velar
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| !Labiovelar
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| !Glottal
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| |- align="center" <!-- Stops -->
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| ! Plosives
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| | {{IPA|p b}}
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| | {{IPA|t d}}
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| | {{IPA|k g}}
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| | {{IPA|ʔ}} ('''q''')
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| |- align="center"
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| ! Nasals
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| | {{IPA|m}}
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| | {{IPA|n}}
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| |- align="center"
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| ! Fricatives
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| | {{IPA|s}}
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| | {{IPA|ʃ}} ('''sh''')
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| |- align="center"
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| ! Approximants
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| | {{IPA|l}}
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| | {{IPA|j}} ('''y''')
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| | {{IPA|w}}
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| | {{IPA|h~χ}} ('''h''')
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| |-
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| ! Trill
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| | align="center"|{{IPA|r}}
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| |}
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| {| class="wikitable"
| | =Nouns= |
| |+vowels
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| !
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| !Front
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| !Central
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| !Back
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| |- style="text-align:center;"
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| !Close
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| |i || || u
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| |- style="text-align:center;"
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| !Mid
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| |e || || o
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| |- style="text-align:center;"
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| !Open
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| | || a ||
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| |}
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| = grammar = | | =Pronouns= |
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| '''Ilya''' is an agglutinating language. Its vocabulary consists of basic roots (that tend to be -CVC-) which can be extended into different parts of speech, their meaning changed or modified, with various affixes. '''Ilya''' has an extremely regular grammar, with very few exceptions to its rules. Sentences are made up of one or more phrases. Each phrase consists of a verb (optionally followed by modifying particles) and a subject (optionally followed by modifying particles).
| | =Adpositions= |
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| = verbs = | | =Adjectives= |
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| '''Ilya''' relies on verbs and their modifiers to express many subtleties of meaning, the '''Ilya''' verb can generally function as a verb, adjective, or preposition, but the rules of use are very simple.
| | =Numbers= |
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| * '''shab-an'''
| | =Questions= |
| : <small>know-1sg</small>
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| : ''I know.''
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| * '''yem-esh-e'''
| | =Verbs= |
| : <small>eat-PST-2sg</small>
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| : ''You ate.''
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| There are no personal pronouns-- they aren’t needed, since persons are indicated on the verb.
| | =Syntax= |
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| == verb modifiers == | | =Discourse= |
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| * '''-ek''' - infinitive [INF]
| | =Lexicon= |
| * '''-ra''' - infinitive [INF]
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| * '''-esh-''' - past tense [PST]
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| * '''-ul-''' - inceptive [INCEP]
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| * '''-un-''' - iterative [ITER]
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| * '''-ad-''' - "able to ~" abilitative [ABIL]
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| * '''-ah-''' - "want to ~" desiderative [DES]
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| * '''-em-''' - "is it~ ; are you ~?" interrogative [Q]
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| * '''-ib-''' - "need to ~" necessitative [NEC]
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| * '''-uh-''' - "may ~" tentative [TNT]
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| = nouns = | | =Texts= |
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| == pronouns ==
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| * '''-an''' - 1s
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| * '''-e''' - 2s
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| * '''-a''' - 3s
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| * '''-uk''' - 1p
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| * '''-us''' - 2p
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| * '''-um''' - 3p
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| There are a limited number of deictics and quantifiers (these also act as nominalizers):
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| * '''ku-''' - this
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| * '''shu-''' - that (by you)
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| * '''u-''' - that (over there); other; another
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| * '''da-''' - same; the same
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| * '''ha-''' - each; every
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| * '''ki-''' - some
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| * '''ne-''' - none
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| == noun modifiers ==
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| * '''hu-''' - group; collection; mass of
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| * '''-k''' - many; much
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| * '''-m''' - plural
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| * '''ni-''' - pair (of); dual; both
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| * '''-ri''' - few; little (quantity)
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| * '''ta-''' - male
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| * '''ye-''' - female
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| * '''wa-''' - one; single; singulative
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