Ilya: Difference between revisions

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= grammar =
= grammar =


'''Ilya''' is an agglutinating language. Its vocabulary consists of basic roots which can be extended into different parts of speech, their meaning changed or modified, with various suffixes. Most of the suffixes are optional, so that there is a choice of what sort of information to convey with a given word.
'''Ilya''' is an agglutinating language. Its vocabulary consists of basic roots (that tend to be -CVC-) which can be extended into different parts of speech, their meaning changed or modified, with various affixes. '''Ilya''' has an extremely regular grammar, with very few exceptions to its rules. Sentences are made up of one or more phrases. Each phrase consists of a verb (optionally followed by modifying particles) and a subject (optionally followed by modifying particles).  


= verbs =
= verbs =
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'''Ilya''' relies on verbs and their modifiers to express many subtleties of meaning, the '''Ilya''' verb can generally function as a verb, adjective, or preposition, but the rules of use are very simple.  
'''Ilya''' relies on verbs and their modifiers to express many subtleties of meaning, the '''Ilya''' verb can generally function as a verb, adjective, or preposition, but the rules of use are very simple.  


== verb modifiers ==
* '''wa-shab-a'''
: <small>1sg-know-PROG</small>
: ''I know.'' (or I am knowing)


* '''i-''' - reflexive [REFL]
* '''awe-gan-ó'''
:: '''iwagana''' - <small>REFL-1sg-see-PROG</small> - ''I see myself.''
: <small>3.1sg.OBJ-see-HAB</small>
* '''ba-''' - negative [NEG]
: ''They usually see me.''
* '''-sh''' - past tense [PST]
* '''-é''' - interrogative [Q]
:: '''yeshgané''' - <small>2sg.OBJ-PST-see-Q</small> - ''Were you seen?''
* '''-a''' - progressive [PROG]
* '''-ó''' - habitual [HAB]


= nouns =
There are no personal pronouns-- they aren’t needed, since persons are indicated on the verb.
 
== noun modifiers ==
 
=== number ===
 
* '''x''' - horse
* '''x''' - horses
 
=== noun classes ===
 
* '''x-''' - people; places
* '''x-''' - trees; weather; natural phenomena
* '''x-''' - groups of objects; collective
* '''x-''' - tools; artifacts
* '''x-''' - body parts and functions
* '''x-''' - animals; noises
* '''x- / a-''' - abstract; null
 
== pronouns ==
 
Both subject and object are marked on the verb.
 
* '''wa-''' - first person singular
* '''ha(n)-''' - first person plural
* '''ya-''' - second person singular
* '''(q)a-''' - second person plural
 
=== prefixes ===
 
There are no personal pronouns - they aren’t needed, since persons are indicated on the verb. There are a limited number of deictics and quantifiers:
 
* '''ku-''' - this
* '''shu-''' - that (by you)
* '''u-''' - that (over there); other; another
* '''wi-''' - same; the same
* '''ni-''' - each; every
* '''le-''' - some
* '''ba-''' - none
 
= adpositions =
 
== locative affixes ==
 
* '''x-''' - static location
* '''x-''' - inside of an object
* '''x-''' - under water
* '''x-''' - into water
* '''x-''' - on top of
* '''x-''' - under
* '''x-''' - through
* '''x-''' - out of
* '''x-''' - above or over
* '''x-''' - in the air
* '''x-''' - across
<br>
* '''x-''' - on / at / away from
* '''x-''' - along / back to
* '''x-''' - over there
* '''x-''' - to / towards

Revision as of 12:47, 11 January 2016

  • á é í ó ú

sounds

consonants
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Labiovelar Glottal
Plosives p   b t   d k   g ʔ (q)
Nasals m n
Fricatives s ʃ (sh)
Approximants l j (y) w h
Trill r
vowels
Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid e o
Open a

grammar

Ilya is an agglutinating language. Its vocabulary consists of basic roots (that tend to be -CVC-) which can be extended into different parts of speech, their meaning changed or modified, with various affixes. Ilya has an extremely regular grammar, with very few exceptions to its rules. Sentences are made up of one or more phrases. Each phrase consists of a verb (optionally followed by modifying particles) and a subject (optionally followed by modifying particles).

verbs

Ilya relies on verbs and their modifiers to express many subtleties of meaning, the Ilya verb can generally function as a verb, adjective, or preposition, but the rules of use are very simple.

  • wa-shab-a
1sg-know-PROG
I know. (or I am knowing)
  • awe-gan-ó
3.1sg.OBJ-see-HAB
They usually see me.

There are no personal pronouns-- they aren’t needed, since persons are indicated on the verb.

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