WALS Poll Conlang/Morphology

General facts

Both head-marking and dependent-marking occur.

Both concatenative and non-concatenative processes occur.

Suffixes are more common than prefixes.

Full and partial reduplication are productive.

Verbs

Verbs are marked for 8 grammatical categories.

These include TAM, polarity, and agreement with the patient. They are also marked for person and number of the subject. All subject person/number markers are distinct.

There is an inclusive/exclusive distinction in verbal person marking.

TAM markers also indicate polarity.

Nouns

There are three genders. These are not sex-based. Nouns are assigned gender on both semantic and formal grounds.

All nouns may be marked for number, but it is optional for inanimates. Number is marked by a mixture of morphological strategies. There is no associative plural

Nouns are marked for case and referentiality. These share a single marker. There is syncretism in both core and non-core cases.

Possession is head-marked.

Pronouns and demonstratives

Pronouns have person-number stem, and also carry a plural affix which is the same as found on nouns.

There is an inclusive/exclusive distinction on 1st person pronouns. 2nd person pronouns do not mark for politeness. All 3rd person pronouns mark for gender

Pronominal demonstratives have the same gender-marking as 3rd person pronouns. Pronominal demonstratives and adnominal demonstratives have different inflectional features. Adnominal demonstratives have a 3-way distance contrast.

Indefinite pronouns are derived from generic nouns.

Adpositions

Adpositions mark for person when used with pronouns