Proto-Uralic/-ma

Infinitiv -mA is probably identical to this.

Derivation

Most cases deverbal; denominals in green.

• PU
  • *kalə- "to die" → *kalma "death"
  • *śurə- "to die" → *śurma "death"
  • *parə- → *parma "gadfly" (vs. *parə-w → Samic *poarō) (root "to buzz"?)
  • *ńälə- "eat" → *ńälmä "tongue"
  • *ńoxə- "to hunt" → *ńoma "hare"
  • *aðə- "to sleep" → *aðəma "sleep" (could be in parallel: Mordvinic *odəmə has no syncope)
  • *kojə "man" → *kojma "person"
• Within Samoyedic
  • *ńimə- "to suck" → Smy *ńimmä "breast"
  • *sewə- "eat" → Smy *timä "tooth" (should be *temä?) (AASmy 1)
• Within Ugric
  • *kaðʲa- "to disappear" → *koĺmɜ "ash" (AA, commenting on the blog)
• Within West Uralic
  • *wo-(lə-) "to be, to have" → FSM *(w)oma "own"
  • *wajŋə "breath" → FSM *wajma "spirit"
  • *śalə "intestine" → S *čoalmē, F *salmi "strait" (semantics weak)
  • *jurə- "to turn" → S *jormē "whirlpool" (AASmy #?)
• Within Mordvinic
  • *kajwa- "to dig" → Mo *kajmə "spade"
  • *kojwa "birch" → Mo *kujmə "basket"
• Within Finnic
  • *wëlka- "to arrive" → F *valkama "landing"
  • *waśa- "to shoot" → F *vasama "bolt of lightning"

Potential cases

• *kama "crust" (P *oo)
• *julma "strong" (P *oo)
• *jelma "air" (F -a)
• *śa(j)ma "vessel" (Mo -a)
• *kulma "brow" (Kh *ĺ)
• *ńërma "groin" (S *ā)
• FS *loma "gap" (~ MoMa *loKə)
• FSM *urma "wound"
• FMo *ločma "valley"
• FK *kelmä "skin" (K *ń)
• FP *külmä "cold" (cf. IE *gel-)
• PUg *ćoKəma "shelter" (P *oo)
• PUg *śoj(ə)ma "lowland"
• HKh *ëlama "cushion"
• MsSmy *śarma "hole in roof"
• *äjmä "needle"
• *emä "mother"
• *ðʲoma "midge"
• *ðʲümä "glue"
• *jama "joint"
• *kämä "shoe"
• *lämä "scab"
• *parma "gardfly"
• *śuma "cap"
• *śeð(ʲ)mä "kidney"
• *śilmä "eye"
• *tärma₂ "power"