Ugric/vocab: Difference between revisions

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(more fillage)
Line 25: Line 25:
| ""
| ""
| ''által'' || || || || || || ||
| ''által'' || || || || || || ||
| ??
|-
|-
| "father"
| "father"
Line 30: Line 31:
| cf. PU *ëppə "father-in-law" > HU ''ipa''
| cf. PU *ëppə "father-in-law" > HU ''ipa''
|-
|-
| "stream"
| "stream; lake"
| ''ár'' || || || || || || ||
| ''ár'' || - || tuur || tuur || tuur(†ə) || *ɬaar || toor || *Laar
| ← II; cf. Fi. ''sarajas'', P. *šoor
| ← II; cf. Fi. ''sarajas'', P. *šoor. VS '''tur'''
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
| ''ara'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''ara'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "younger mtrnl relat."
| ''ara'' || || || || || || ||
| ''ara'' || - || LM oår || - || oor || style="color:red"| ooĺii || || *oorti
|-
|-
| "gold; copper"
| "gold; copper"
| ''arany'' || || || || || || ||
| ''arany'' || tarəń || *tariń || tårəń || - || *ɬoorńə || - || -
| ← II
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
| ''aszik'' || || || || || || ||
| ''aszik'' || || || || || || ||
| ??
|-
|-
| ""
| "to swear; to say"
| ''átkoz'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''átkoz'' || - || - || - || - || aat- || - || -
| Weak.
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
| ''atval'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''atval'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "to wet; to dive"
| ''ázik'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''áz-'' || - || - || - || - || *ɬastə- || tastə- || Kz ɬostə-
| z : s? ∅z : st??
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 64: Line 69:
| ""
| ""
| ''csigolya'' || || || || || || ||
| ''csigolya'' || || || || || || ||
| ??
|-
|-
| "sprout"
| "sprout"
Line 79: Line 85:
| ''csuhé'' || || || || || || ||
| ''csuhé'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "to thro"
| ''dob'' || || || || || - || - || -
| †tob- || - || - || - || toomp- || - || - || -
| Weak, onomat.? Std H ''dob-''
|-
|-
| "hill, island"
| "hill, island"
Line 125: Line 132:
| ''fárad'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''fárad'' || || || || || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "to separate"
| ''fëdél'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''fejt-'' || - || pääj- || pääj- || - || - || - || "paajit-"
|-
| ""
| ''fejt'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "bridle"
| ''fék'' || || || || || || ||
| ''fék'' || || || || || pääk || - || -
| Check Ms.
|-
|-
| "to burst"
| "to burst"
Line 142: Line 147:
| ""
| ""
| ''fël'' || || || || || || ||
| ''fël'' || || || || || || ||
| ??
|-
|-
| "man"
| ""
| ''fér'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''fér'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ??
|-
|-
| ""
| "to catch"
| ''fog'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''fog'' || pow- || puw- || pʊw- || puw- || - || - || -
| Note ''g'' ~ *w.
|-
|-
| ""
| "eye of needle, backside"
| ''fok'' || || || || || || ||
| ''fok'' || - || - || pʊ/up || pup || poɣ || pow || pow
| Check EMs.
|-
|-
| ""
| "to flow"
| ''folyik'' || || || || || || ||
| ''foly-'' || poĺćiit- || *poĺśt- || polśiit- || poĺśət- || - || palťəma- ||style="color:green"| *poɭi-
|-
|-
| ""
| "type of duck"
| ''fú'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''fú'' || - || - || - || - || paaj || - || -
| Weak. Cf. Sk. *pake?
|-
|-
| ""
| "(to) stick"
| ''fulánk'' || || || || || || ||
| ''ful(ánk)'' || - || pulp || pʊlp || - || *puuL- || puutəp || -
| Ms. shortening?
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
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| ''fülik'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''fülik'' || || || || || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "smoke"
| ''füst'' || || || || || || ||
| ''füst'' || - || *pašəm || *påšəm || posim || - || - || *poosəŋ
|-
| Kh. ← EMs?
| ""
| ''gyakik'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "to stick in"
| ''gyalu'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''gyakik'' || - || - || M jɤɤkʷ- || - || V jooɣɯɯ- || - || Kz jaxəs-
| Or H. ~ Fi/Ma *d₂okka-
|-
|-
| ""
| "(to) plane"
| ''gyökér'' || || || || || - || - || -
| dial. ''gyarol-'' || jar || jarə || jar || jor || - || - || -
| std ''gyalu' < ''gyalló'' < *ďarl-ɜw? Ms also *jar-ɣ- "to plane"
|-
|-
| ""
| "root"
| ''hág'' || || || || || || ||
| ''gyökér''<br/>''gyökere-'' || jükäär || jeekər || jeekʷər || jeekʷar || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "to spit"
| ''hagyap'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''hagyap-'' || - || kuĺkəs- || O kuĺk- || xuĺxas- || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "(to have) fever"
| '' hagy(máz)'' || || || || || || ||
| '' hagy(máz)'' || - || - ||style="color:red"| ''xoš'' || - || kaańť- || - || xaaś-
| Or H. ~ PU *kod₂ka "spirit" (''máz'' < "sickness"). Kh "C" xoońť-
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
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| ''hall'' || || || || || || ||
| ''hall'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "mound; tussock"
| ''hant'' || || || || || || ||
| ''hant'' || - || LM komšəl || - || xoməs || - || - || xoməs
|-
|-
| ""
| "woodpecker"
| ''harkály'' || || || || || || ||
| ''harkály'' || karkaaj || *koorki || *koorki || xooxra || *kajarkɯɯ || xaxraaj ||style="color:red"| xaŋraa
|-
|-
| ""
| "to burst"
| ''hasad'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''hasad'' || kaśl- || - || xaśl- || xaśl- || - || - || -
|-
|-
| "swan"
| "swan"
| ''hattyú'' || || || || || || ||
| ''hattyú'' || kotaaŋ || *kʷatəŋ || *kʷåtəŋ || xotaŋ || kotəŋ || xotəŋ || xotəŋ
| ← Turkic
| ← Turkic
|-
|-
Line 217: Line 229:
|-
|-
| "7"
| "7"
| ''hét'' || || || || || || ||
| ''hét'' ||style="color:red"| säät ||style="color:red"| *söät ||style="color:red"| *söät ||style="color:red"| saat || *ɬääpət || taapət || *Lääpət
| ← II, perhaps separately
| ← II, perhaps separately
|-
|-
| ""
| "to get fat"
| ''hízik'' || || || || || || ||
| ''híz-'' || koot- || kuut- || U xuut- || xuut- || VV kaatəɣtə- || xoot-tə- || Kz xɔɔt-ɬə-
|-
|-
| "beaver"
| "beaver"
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|-
|-
| "good"
| "good"
| ''jó'' || || || || || || ||
| ''jó''<br/>''java-'' || jomaas || *jaməs || jåməs || jomas || '''jem''' || '''jem''' || ''jiim''
| Or Kh. ~ F *imeh
|-
|-
| ""
| "to come"
| ''jut'' || || || || || || ||
| ''jut-'' || jokt- || *joxʷt- || joxt- || joxt- || *joɣət- || joxət- || joxət-
|-
|-
| "mod; hate"
| "mod; hate"
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| ""
| ""
| '''' || || || || || || ||
| '''' || || || || || || ||
|-
! colspan="9"| Derivational cases
|-
| "cover"
| ''fëdél'' || - || || *päntəl || '''päntəl''' || - || - || -
| from PU *pintä- "to cover" > ''fëd-'', *pänt-
|-
|-
! colspan="9"| Cognates elsewhere in Uralic known by now
! colspan="9"| Cognates elsewhere in Uralic known by now
Line 411: Line 430:
| ''ágyék'' || ońćii || *uńś || uńś || *uuńś || - || - || -
| ''ágyék'' || ońćii || *uńś || uńś || *uuńś || - || - || -
| PU *onśa "meat, part"; ← II
| PU *onśa "meat, part"; ← II
|-
| "to step on; to climb"
| ''hág-'' || kʌʌŋk- || *kɤɤŋk- || *kɤɤŋk- || xaaŋx- || VV kaaŋət-|| xooŋx- || *xooŋx-
| PU *këŋkə- "to climb". Surgut ''kuuŋət-''
|}
|}


Revision as of 10:40, 6 February 2014

A table of Common Ugric vocabulary scavenged from various sources.

To gage the distribution and regularity of these, I'm listing the main varieties of Mansi and Khanty separately.

(Methodological note: in most previous research, a Hungarian reflex has been considered necessary for considering a word to be Common Ugric — although the existence of Ob-Ugric as a separate branch has never been demonstrated.)

Word Hungarian SMs WMs EMs NMs EKh SKh NKh Notes
"branch" ág taw *taɣ *tåɣ tow *ɬaɣʷɯɯ tawə *Lowə Note g ~ *w. (Fi. hanka ← Gmc)
"to stick into" akad- takn- - *tåxn- taxn- *ɬooɣɯɯn- tooxən- *tooxən- Hu. *ʊ > a / _[-VCD]?
"to bild; to fix" alkot- alt- olt- oolt- oolt- *aaLt- *oottə- *aaLtə-
"" alom - - - -
"" által ??
"father" apa cf. PU *ëppə "father-in-law" > HU ipa
"stream; lake" ár - tuur tuur tuur(†ə) *ɬaar toor *Laar ← II; cf. Fi. sarajas, P. *šoor. VS tur
"" ara - - - -
"younger mtrnl relat." ara - LM oår - oor ooĺii *oorti
"gold; copper" arany tarəń *tariń tårəń - *ɬoorńə - - ← II
"" aszik ??
"to swear; to say" átkoz - - - - aat- - - Weak.
"" atval - - - -
"to wet; to dive" áz- - - - - *ɬastə- tastə- Kz ɬostə- z : s? ∅z : st??
"" bërke - - -
"to drip" buzog- pask- *pëëss- *pëësɣ- paasɣ- *paasəɣ- *poosɣə- *paasii- cf. WU #piśa- "drop"?!
"" csigolya ??
"sprout" csíra ćürkiit- śirk śɪrk śirka - - - cf. Fi. sirkka?!
"" csókol - - -
"knot" cseg
~ csög		 - śäŋkəl śiŋkəl-t- - - - - Or Hu ~ P+Kh *ćuŋə "finger joint"? P *džek "block"??
"" csuhé
"to thro" †tob- - - - toomp- - - - Weak, onomat.? Std H dob-
"hill, island" domb toomp to/ump tomp tomp - - - Bad
"dog" ëb äämp *öämp *öämp aamp äämp aamp aamp
"to harden" edz- - - *öät- - äät- aat- aat-- also cf. Kh *ii₂təp "steel"
"inside; at home" *jʊ- jüw jüw juw juw jooɣ jox joxii
"blade" él iĺmət iĺəm iĺəm eelmi - - - Ms. shortening?
"" elegyëdik
"other side" elv äləm *öäləm *öäləm aaləm J aaɬəm aatəm -
"to caress; to kiss" enyel(ëg-) üńəwl- ińjəl- ińəjl- ańiɣl- - - -
"glue" enyv iĺəm P iĺəm ~
VS jeeĺəm		 iĺəm eeĺəm eejəm aajəm aajəm Ms. shortening?
"strawberry" epër äpərjek *ääpərjeex - - - - -
"squirrel" evet - - - - *jiipə(t) - -
"fat" faggyú - - - - pooĺť puuť puuť
"" fárad - - -
"to separate" fejt- - pääj- pääj- - - - "paajit-"
"bridle" fék pääk - - Check Ms.
"to burst" fekély - - päxl- pokl- - - -
"black" fekete - - - - peɣtə peɣtə puutii
"" fël ??
"" fér - - - ??
"to catch" fog pow- puw- pʊw- puw- - - - Note g ~ *w.
"eye of needle, backside" fok - - pʊ/up pup poɣ pow pow Check EMs.
"to flow" foly- poĺćiit- *poĺśt- polśiit- poĺśət- - palťəma- *poɭi-
"type of duck" fú - - - - paaj - - Weak. Cf. Sk. *pake?
"(to) stick" ful(ánk) - pulp pʊlp - *puuL- puutəp - Ms. shortening?
"" fű
"" fülik - - -
"smoke" füst - *pašəm *påšəm posim - - *poosəŋ Kh. ← EMs?
"to stick in" gyakik - - M jɤɤkʷ- - V jooɣɯɯ- - Kz jaxəs- Or H. ~ Fi/Ma *d₂okka-
"(to) plane" dial. gyarol- jar jarə jar jor - - - std gyalu' < gyalló < *ďarl-ɜw? Ms also *jar-ɣ- "to plane"
"root" gyökér
gyökere-		 jükäär jeekər jeekʷər jeekʷar - - -
"to spit" hagyap- - kuĺkəs- O kuĺk- xuĺxas- - - -
"(to have) fever" hagy(máz) - - xoš - kaańť- - xaaś- Or H. ~ PU *kod₂ka "spirit" (máz < "sickness"). Kh "C" xoońť-
"" haj - - -
"" hajol - - -
"" hajt - - -
"" hall
"mound; tussock" hant - LM komšəl - xoməs - - xoməs
"woodpecker" harkály karkaaj *koorki *koorki xooxra *kajarkɯɯ xaxraaj xaŋraa
"to burst" hasad kaśl- - xaśl- xaśl- - - -
"swan" hattyú kotaaŋ *kʷatəŋ *kʷåtəŋ xotaŋ kotəŋ xotəŋ xotəŋ ← Turkic
"" hërvad - - - -
"7" hét säät *söät *söät saat *ɬääpət taapət *Lääpət ← II, perhaps separately
"to get fat" híz- koot- kuut- U xuut- xuut- VV kaatəɣtə- xoot-tə- Kz xɔɔt-ɬə-
"beaver" hód końťəl kʷontəĺ kuńťəĺ xuntəĺ - - - ← Turkic
"" hozzá - - - -
"" húz - - -
"" i(afia)
"" i(fjú) - - - -
"" iránt
"joint" íz - - - - jöt jet jiit better here than ~ FP *jäsə(n)
"good" jó
java-		 jomaas *jaməs jåməs jomas jem jem jiim Or Kh. ~ F *imeh
"to come" jut- jokt- *joxʷt- joxt- joxt- *joɣət- joxət- joxət-
"mod; hate" kedv - känt - kant - *kent kant
"" keserű - - -
"" keshed
"" ki
"" kísér - - - -
"" köles - - -
"" könnyű
"" könyörög
"" köszörül - - -
"" lassú
"" laza
"" lë(ány)
"to step" lép
"" les
"horse" ló
"" loll
"" magyar
"" malát - - - -
"" marok - - - -
"" márt
"" meleg
"" méltó - - - -
"" mély
"" mén - - - -
"" mënyül
"" mer
"" mered
"" mese - - - -
"" mét(háló)
"" meztelen - - -
"" mosolyog - - -
"" -nÁl - - -
"sun, day" nap
"" nevet - - -
"" nyék
"" nyer
"saddle" nyerëg
"8" nyolc
"" nyom
"" oldal
"" ólom - - -
"" olt
"" ostor - - -
"" óv
"" óv - - -
"" ragad - - - -
"" rajta - - -
"" rokkan
"" rúg - - - -
"fire" tűz
tüze-		 täwət *töäwt *töäwt - *töɣət *tüüt *tuut Cf. Mongolian tǖdeg "bonfire"
"" '
Derivational cases
"cover" fëdél - *päntəl päntəl - - - from PU *pintä- "to cover" > fëd-, *pänt-
Cognates elsewhere in Uralic known by now
"hip, butt" ágyék ońćii *uńś uńś *uuńś - - - PU *onśa "meat, part"; ← II
"to step on; to climb" hág- kʌʌŋk- *kɤɤŋk- *kɤɤŋk- xaaŋx- VV kaaŋət- xooŋx- *xooŋx- PU *këŋkə- "to climb". Surgut kuuŋət-

Sources

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