Template:Consonants: Difference between revisions

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{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
!colspan=17 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Consonants
|- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em"
|- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em"
| style="font-size: 90%;" | [[Place of articulation]] →
| ||colspan=2| Bilabial ||colspan=2| Labiod. ||colspan=2| Dental ||colspan=2| Alveolar ||colspan=2| Post-alv. ||colspan=2| Palatal ||colspan=2| Velar ||colspan=2| Glottal
! colspan=2 | [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
|-
! colspan=4 | [[Coronal consonant|Coronal]]
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal || || {{IPA|m}} || || || || || || {{IPA|n}} || || || || {{IPA|ɲ}} || || {{IPA|ŋ}}
! colspan=4 | [[Dorsal consonant|Dorsal]]
|-
! colspan=4 | [[Radical consonant|Radical]]
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive || {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|b}} || || || || || {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|d}} || || || || || {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|g}}
! colspan=2 | [[Glottal consonant|(none)]]
|-
|- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 3em"
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || || || {{IPA|f}} || {{IPA|v}} || {{IPA|θ}} || {{IPA|ð}} || {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|z}} || {{IPA|ʃ}} || {{IPA|ʒ}} || || || {{IPA|x}} || {{IPA|ɣ}} || {{IPA|h}}
| style="font-size: 90%;" | [[Manner of articulation]] ↓
|-
! style="width: 4em;" | [[Bilabial consonant|Bi­la­bial]]
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || || || || || {{IPA|ts}} || {{IPA|dz}}
! style="width: 4em;" | [[Labiodental consonant|La&shy;bio&#x2010;<br/>den&shy;tal]]
|-
! style="width: 4em;" | [[Dental consonant|Den&shy;tal]]
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || || {{IPA|w}} || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|j}}
! style="width: 4em;" | [[Alveolar consonant|Al&shy;veo&shy;lar]]
|-
! style="width: 4em;" | [[Postalveolar consonant|Post&#x2010;<br/>al&shy;veo&shy;lar]]
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Trill || || || || || || || || {{IPA|r}}
! style="width: 4em;" | [[Retroflex consonant|Re&shy;tro&#x2010;<br/>flex]]
|-
! style="width: 4em;" | [[Palatal consonant|Pa&shy;la&shy;tal]]
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || || || {{IPA|l}}
! style="width: 4em;" | [[Velar consonant|Ve&shy;lar]]
! colspan="2" style="width: 4em;" | [[Uvular consonant|Uvu&shy;lar]]
! colspan="2" style="width: 4em;" | [[Pharyngeal consonant|Pha&shy;ryn&#x2010;<br/>geal]]
! colspan="2" style="width: 4em;" | [[Epiglottal consonant|Epi&#x2010;<br/>glot&shy;tal]]
! colspan="2" style="width: 4em;" | [[Glottal consonant|Glot&shy;tal]]
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[bilabial nasal|{{IPA|m}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[labiodental nasal|{{IPA|ɱ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="3" |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[alveolar nasal|{{IPA|n}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[retroflex nasal|{{IPA|ɳ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[palatal nasal|{{IPA|ɲ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[velar nasal|{{IPA|ŋ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[uvular nasal|{{IPA|ɴ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="6" style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Plosive consonant|Plosive]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless bilabial plosive|{{IPA|p}}]] [[voiced bilabial plosive|{{IPA|b}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless labiodental plosive|*]] [[voiced labiodental plosive|*]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="3" |[[voiceless alveolar plosive|{{IPA|t}}]] [[voiced alveolar plosive|{{IPA|d}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless retroflex plosive|{{IPA|ʈ}}]] [[voiced retroflex plosive|{{IPA|ɖ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless palatal plosive|{{IPA|c}}]] [[voiced palatal plosive|{{IPA|ɟ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless velar plosive|{{IPA|k}}]] [[voiced velar plosive|{{IPA|ɡ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | [[voiceless uvular plosive|{{IPA|q}}]] [[voiced uvular plosive|{{IPA|ɢ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | [[epiglottal plosive|{{IPA|ʡ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" style="width: 1em;" | [[glottal stop|{{IPA|ʔ}}]]
| style="width: 1em; background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless bilabial fricative|{{IPA|ɸ}}]] [[voiced bilabial fricative|{{IPA|β}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless labiodental fricative|{{IPA|f}}]] [[voiced labiodental fricative|{{IPA|v}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless dental fricative|{{IPA|θ}}]] [[voiced dental fricative|{{IPA|ð}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless alveolar fricative|{{IPA|s}}]] [[voiced alveolar fricative|{{IPA|z}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless postalveolar fricative|{{IPA|ʃ}}]] [[voiced postalveolar fricative|{{IPA|ʒ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless retroflex fricative|{{IPA|ʂ}}]] [[voiced retroflex fricative|{{IPA|ʐ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless palatal fricative|{{IPA|ç}}]] [[voiced palatal fricative|{{IPA|ʝ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless velar fricative|{{IPA|x}}]] [[voiced velar fricative|{{IPA|ɣ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" style="width: 1em;" | [[voiceless uvular fricative|{{IPA|χ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" rowspan="2" style="width: 1em;" | [[voiced uvular fricative|{{IPA|ʁ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" style="width: 1em;" | [[voiceless pharyngeal fricative|{{IPA|ħ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" rowspan="2" style="width: 1em;" | [[voiced pharyngeal fricative|{{IPA|ʕ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" style="width: 1em;" | [[voiceless epiglottal fricative|{{IPA|ʜ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" rowspan="2" style="width: 1em;" | [[voiced epiglottal fricative|{{IPA|ʢ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[voiceless glottal fricative|{{IPA|h}}]] [[voiced glottal fricative|{{IPA|ɦ}}]]
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Approximant consonant|Approx&shy;imant]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[bilabial approximant|{{IPA|β̞}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[labiodental approximant|{{IPA|ʋ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="3" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[alveolar approximant|{{IPA|ɹ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[retroflex approximant|{{IPA|ɻ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[palatal approximant|{{IPA|j}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[velar approximant|{{IPA|ɰ}}]]
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Trill consonant|Trill]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[bilabial trill|{{IPA|ʙ}}]]
|  
| class="nounderlines" colspan="3" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[alveolar trill|{{IPA|r}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[retroflex trill|{{IPA|*}}]]
|
| class="nounderlines" style="background:#ccc" |
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[uvular trill|{{IPA|ʀ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" style="background:#ccc" |
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[epiglottal trill|*]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Flap consonant|Tap or Flap]]
|  class="nounderlines" |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[bilabial flap|*]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[labiodental flap|<sup>†</sup>]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="3" |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[alveolar tap|{{IPA|ɾ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[retroflex flap|{{IPA|ɽ}}]]
| &nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" style="background:#ccc" |
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | &nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[epiglottal flap|*]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Lateral consonant|Lateral Fricative]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" style="background:#ccc" |
| class="nounderlines" colspan="3" | [[voiceless alveolar lateral fricative|{{IPA|ɬ}}]] [[voiced alveolar lateral fricative|{{IPA|ɮ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless retroflex lateral fricative|*]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless palatal lateral fricative|*]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" | [[voiceless velar lateral fricative|*]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | &nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" colspan="7" style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Lateral consonant|Lateral Approx&shy;imant]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" style="background:#ccc" |
| class="nounderlines" colspan="3" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[alveolar lateral approximant|{{IPA|l}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[retroflex lateral approximant|{{IPA|ɭ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[palatal lateral approximant|{{IPA|ʎ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[velar lateral approximant|{{IPA|ʟ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | &nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" colspan="7" style="background:#ccc" |
|- style="font-size: 120%;"
! style="font-size: x-small; text-align:left" | [[Lateral consonant|Lateral Flap]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan=2 style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" colspan=3 | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[alveolar lateral flap|{{IPA|ɺ}}]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[retroflex lateral flap|*]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[palatal lateral flap|*]]
| class="nounderlines" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[velar lateral flap|*]]
| class="nounderlines" colspan="2" | &nbsp;
| class="nounderlines" colspan="7" style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;
|}
|}


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<noinclude>The above template is designed with spaces for the most common sounds of natural languages and the symbols thereof pre-included. As this template is meant to be inserted by means of a ''<nowiki>{{subst:Phonology}}</nowiki>'' command line, users are free to add necessary spaces or delete extraneous ones according to their needs.</noinclude>

Revision as of 20:48, 23 February 2006


Consonants
Bilabial Labiod. Dental Alveolar Post-alv. Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive p b t d k g
Fricative f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ x ɣ h
Affricate ts dz
Approximants w j
Trill r
Lateral Approximant l

The above template is designed with spaces for the most common sounds of natural languages and the symbols thereof pre-included. As this template is meant to be inserted by means of a {{subst:Phonology}} command line, users are free to add necessary spaces or delete extraneous ones according to their needs.

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