Cenoji: Difference between revisions
From FrathWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
m (formatting issue) |
(Added case table) |
||
| Line 69: | Line 69: | ||
* There are no definite or indefinite articles. | * There are no definite or indefinite articles. | ||
* Any number of cases may be added to a word to express an added meaning. Example: in a reflexive action, the noun would have both the nominative and accusative. | * Any number of cases may be added to a word to express an added meaning. Example: in a reflexive action, the noun would have both the nominative and accusative. | ||
=== Grammatical Markers === | |||
==== Case Table ==== | |||
{| | |||
|| '''Case''' || '''Singular''' || '''Few''' || '''Plural''' | |||
|- | |||
|| Nominative || (none) || -i || -itja | |||
|- | |||
|| Accusative || -e || -ne || (remove previous vowel)-etja | |||
|- | |||
|| Temporal || -ju || (N/A) || (N/A) | |||
|- | |||
|| Facilitative || -omja || -omjita || -omitja | |||
|- | |||
|| Obstructive || -oho || -uho || -uho | |||
|- | |||
|| Result || -mji || -mjuli || -mjitja | |||
|} | |||
Revision as of 12:53, 21 February 2006
| Cenoji | |
| Spoken in: | Njetoluhi, by the Sea Elves |
| Timeline/Universe: | unknown |
| Total speakers: | ~3 000, distributed in clans of about 20 people. |
| Genealogical classification: | Njetoluhi
|
| Created by: | |
| Eosp | 2006 |
Phonology
Vowels
The vowels are the front vowels of Finnish, but I'm using the letters for the back vowels. For those who don't know what they are, here they are (the character is listed first, followed by the X-SAMPA equivalent:
- a: /{/.
- e: /e/.
- i: /i/.
- o: /2/.
- u: /y/.
Consonants
None of these are plosives.
- c: /s/.
- f: /f/.
- h: /x/.
- j: /j/.
- l: /l/.
- m: /m/.
- n: /n/.
- s: /S/.
- t: /T/.
Dipthongs
The characters [c], [f], [l], and [m] can be combined with the character [j] as a consonant cluster.
Syllable Structure
The syllable structure is <CV>, where C is a consonant or dipthong and V is a vowel.
Emphasis
Emphasis declines towards the end of the word, but then rises about halfway on the last syllable.
Grammar
Cases
- Nominative: indicates the subject of the sentence.
- Accusative: indicates the object of the sentence.
- Temporal: indicates the time an event took place.
- Facilitative: indicates a noun that helps the event take place. In the case of a three-noun sentence (such as I gave a letter to John), letter would be in the nominative and I would be in the facilitative. (this sentence would probably be closer to With my help, a letter gave itself to John.)
- Obstructive: indicates a noun that prevents or hinders an event.
- Result: Indicates the result of a sentence.
Syntax and Rules
- The basic order is Subject-Object-Verb, although any order is valid. The item appearing first is given the emphasis. Example: joe.NOM mary.ACC like indicates that Joe likes Mary, as opposed to Bill liking Mary. If we were to say that Joe likes Mary, as opposed to Joe liking Felicia, we would say mary.ACC joe.NOM like instead.
- Three numbers exist: singular, few (undefined, but usually for numbers less than five or six), and many (anything larger than few).
- Adjectives must agree with their noun in number (singular, few, or many) and case.
- Subclauses are simply sentences with a [na] particle on each end. The equivalents to prepositions (but, therefore) are marking the ending [na] particle with the proper case. Example: I would go skiing, but I had a concussion would be I would go skiing na I had a concussion na.OBSTRUCTIVE.
- There are no definite or indefinite articles.
- Any number of cases may be added to a word to express an added meaning. Example: in a reflexive action, the noun would have both the nominative and accusative.
Grammatical Markers
Case Table
| Case | Singular | Few | Plural |
| Nominative | (none) | -i | -itja |
| Accusative | -e | -ne | (remove previous vowel)-etja |
| Temporal | -ju | (N/A) | (N/A) |
| Facilitative | -omja | -omjita | -omitja |
| Obstructive | -oho | -uho | -uho |
| Result | -mji | -mjuli | -mjitja |
